Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study
This is the first study to assess, comprehensively, the oral health status; salivary glands’ function and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense; and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in the non-stimulated (NWS) and stimulated (SWS) whole saliva of stroke patients. The study included...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/7/2252 |
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| author | Piotr Gerreth Mateusz Maciejczyk Anna Zalewska Karolina Gerreth Katarzyna Hojan |
| author_facet | Piotr Gerreth Mateusz Maciejczyk Anna Zalewska Karolina Gerreth Katarzyna Hojan |
| author_sort | Piotr Gerreth |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This is the first study to assess, comprehensively, the oral health status; salivary glands’ function and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense; and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in the non-stimulated (NWS) and stimulated (SWS) whole saliva of stroke patients. The study included 30 patients in the subacute phase of the stroke and an age and gender-matched control group. We showed that the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and salivary peroxidase) was significantly higher in both NWS and SWS of stroke patients, similarly to uric acid concentration. However, in the study group, the reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in SWS decreased. The contents of protein glycooxidation products (advanced glycation end products (AGE) and protein oxidation products (AOPP)) and lipid hydroperoxides were significantly higher in NWS and SWS of stroke patients. In the study group there was also a decrease in stimulated saliva secretion and total protein content. Interestingly, products of protein and lipid oxidation correlate negatively with SWS flow. The ROC analysis showed that salivary GSH with 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity differentiates the analyzed groups (AUC = 1.0). To sum up, in subacute stroke patients there are redox imbalances and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in non-stimulated and stimulated saliva. Stroke patients also suffer from salivary gland dysfunction. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:27:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0dac3ecb39e74e638a94228a295e15b7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:27:19Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-0dac3ecb39e74e638a94228a295e15b72023-11-20T06:53:26ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832020-07-0197225210.3390/jcm9072252Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control StudyPiotr Gerreth0Mateusz Maciejczyk1Anna Zalewska2Karolina Gerreth3Katarzyna Hojan4Private Dental Practice, 57 Kasztelanska Street, 60-316 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Ergonomics, Medical University of Bialystok, 2C Adama Mickiewicza Street, 15-022 Bialystok, PolandExperimental Dentistry Laboratory, Medical University of Bialystok, 24A Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie Street, 15-276 Bialystok, PolandDepartment of Risk Group Dentistry, Chair of Pediatric Dentistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 70 Bukowska Street, 60-812 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Rehabilitation, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, 15 Garbary Street, 61-866 Poznan, PolandThis is the first study to assess, comprehensively, the oral health status; salivary glands’ function and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense; and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in the non-stimulated (NWS) and stimulated (SWS) whole saliva of stroke patients. The study included 30 patients in the subacute phase of the stroke and an age and gender-matched control group. We showed that the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase and salivary peroxidase) was significantly higher in both NWS and SWS of stroke patients, similarly to uric acid concentration. However, in the study group, the reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in SWS decreased. The contents of protein glycooxidation products (advanced glycation end products (AGE) and protein oxidation products (AOPP)) and lipid hydroperoxides were significantly higher in NWS and SWS of stroke patients. In the study group there was also a decrease in stimulated saliva secretion and total protein content. Interestingly, products of protein and lipid oxidation correlate negatively with SWS flow. The ROC analysis showed that salivary GSH with 100% specificity and 100% sensitivity differentiates the analyzed groups (AUC = 1.0). To sum up, in subacute stroke patients there are redox imbalances and oxidative damage to proteins and lipids in non-stimulated and stimulated saliva. Stroke patients also suffer from salivary gland dysfunction.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/7/2252cerebral strokesalivary biomarkersredox statusoxidative stressantioxidants |
| spellingShingle | Piotr Gerreth Mateusz Maciejczyk Anna Zalewska Karolina Gerreth Katarzyna Hojan Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study Journal of Clinical Medicine cerebral stroke salivary biomarkers redox status oxidative stress antioxidants |
| title | Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study |
| title_full | Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study |
| title_fullStr | Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study |
| title_short | Comprehensive Evaluation of the Oral Health Status, Salivary Gland Function, and Oxidative Stress in the Saliva of Patients with Subacute Phase of Stroke: A Case-Control Study |
| title_sort | comprehensive evaluation of the oral health status salivary gland function and oxidative stress in the saliva of patients with subacute phase of stroke a case control study |
| topic | cerebral stroke salivary biomarkers redox status oxidative stress antioxidants |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/7/2252 |
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