Assessing the Efficacy of A Mo<sub>2</sub>C/Peroxydisulfate System for Tertiary Wastewater Treatment: A Study of Losartan Degradation, <i>E. coli</i> Inactivation, and Synergistic Effects
This work examines the use of pristine Mo<sub>2</sub>C as an intriguing sodium persulfate (SPS) activator for the degradation of the drug losartan (LOS). Using 500 mg/L Mo<sub>2</sub>C and 250 mg/L SPS, 500 μg/L LOS was degraded in less than 45 min. LOS decomposition was enha...
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| author | Alexandra A. Ioannidi Maria Vlachodimitropoulou Zacharias Frontistis Athanasia Petala Eleni Koutra Michael Kornaros Dionissios Mantzavinos |
| author_facet | Alexandra A. Ioannidi Maria Vlachodimitropoulou Zacharias Frontistis Athanasia Petala Eleni Koutra Michael Kornaros Dionissios Mantzavinos |
| author_sort | Alexandra A. Ioannidi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This work examines the use of pristine Mo<sub>2</sub>C as an intriguing sodium persulfate (SPS) activator for the degradation of the drug losartan (LOS). Using 500 mg/L Mo<sub>2</sub>C and 250 mg/L SPS, 500 μg/L LOS was degraded in less than 45 min. LOS decomposition was enhanced in acidic pH, while the apparent kinetic constant decreased with higher LOS concentrations. According to experiments conducted in the presence of scavengers of reactive species, sulfate radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and singlet oxygen participated in LOS oxidation, with the latter being the predominant reactive species. The presence of competitors such as bicarbonate and organic matter reduced the observed efficiency in actual matrices, while, interestingly, the addition of chloride accelerated the degradation rate. The catalyst showed remarkable stability, with complete LOS removal being retained after five sequential experiments. The system was examined for simultaneous LOS decomposition and elimination of <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The presence of <i>E. coli</i> retarded LOS destruction, resulting in only 30% removal after 3 h, while the system was capable of reducing <i>E. coli</i> concentration by 1.23 log. However, in the presence of simulated solar irradiation, <i>E. coli</i> was reduced by almost 4 log and LOS was completely degraded in 45 min, revealing a significant synergistic effect of the solar/Mo<sub>2</sub>C/SPS system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:55:56Z |
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| issn | 2073-4344 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:55:56Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Catalysts |
| spelling | doaj.art-0dad6d86ecf8482c90a9329e455418632023-11-19T09:58:19ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442023-09-01139128510.3390/catal13091285Assessing the Efficacy of A Mo<sub>2</sub>C/Peroxydisulfate System for Tertiary Wastewater Treatment: A Study of Losartan Degradation, <i>E. coli</i> Inactivation, and Synergistic EffectsAlexandra A. Ioannidi0Maria Vlachodimitropoulou1Zacharias Frontistis2Athanasia Petala3Eleni Koutra4Michael Kornaros5Dionissios Mantzavinos6Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, GR-50132 Kozani, GreeceDepartment of Environment, Ionian University, GR-29100 Zakynthos, GreeceDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, GreeceThis work examines the use of pristine Mo<sub>2</sub>C as an intriguing sodium persulfate (SPS) activator for the degradation of the drug losartan (LOS). Using 500 mg/L Mo<sub>2</sub>C and 250 mg/L SPS, 500 μg/L LOS was degraded in less than 45 min. LOS decomposition was enhanced in acidic pH, while the apparent kinetic constant decreased with higher LOS concentrations. According to experiments conducted in the presence of scavengers of reactive species, sulfate radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and singlet oxygen participated in LOS oxidation, with the latter being the predominant reactive species. The presence of competitors such as bicarbonate and organic matter reduced the observed efficiency in actual matrices, while, interestingly, the addition of chloride accelerated the degradation rate. The catalyst showed remarkable stability, with complete LOS removal being retained after five sequential experiments. The system was examined for simultaneous LOS decomposition and elimination of <i>Escherichia coli</i>. The presence of <i>E. coli</i> retarded LOS destruction, resulting in only 30% removal after 3 h, while the system was capable of reducing <i>E. coli</i> concentration by 1.23 log. However, in the presence of simulated solar irradiation, <i>E. coli</i> was reduced by almost 4 log and LOS was completely degraded in 45 min, revealing a significant synergistic effect of the solar/Mo<sub>2</sub>C/SPS system.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/9/12852D materialperoxydisulfatepharmaceuticalpathogenprocess synergysolar irradiation |
| spellingShingle | Alexandra A. Ioannidi Maria Vlachodimitropoulou Zacharias Frontistis Athanasia Petala Eleni Koutra Michael Kornaros Dionissios Mantzavinos Assessing the Efficacy of A Mo<sub>2</sub>C/Peroxydisulfate System for Tertiary Wastewater Treatment: A Study of Losartan Degradation, <i>E. coli</i> Inactivation, and Synergistic Effects Catalysts 2D material peroxydisulfate pharmaceutical pathogen process synergy solar irradiation |
| title | Assessing the Efficacy of A Mo<sub>2</sub>C/Peroxydisulfate System for Tertiary Wastewater Treatment: A Study of Losartan Degradation, <i>E. coli</i> Inactivation, and Synergistic Effects |
| title_full | Assessing the Efficacy of A Mo<sub>2</sub>C/Peroxydisulfate System for Tertiary Wastewater Treatment: A Study of Losartan Degradation, <i>E. coli</i> Inactivation, and Synergistic Effects |
| title_fullStr | Assessing the Efficacy of A Mo<sub>2</sub>C/Peroxydisulfate System for Tertiary Wastewater Treatment: A Study of Losartan Degradation, <i>E. coli</i> Inactivation, and Synergistic Effects |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessing the Efficacy of A Mo<sub>2</sub>C/Peroxydisulfate System for Tertiary Wastewater Treatment: A Study of Losartan Degradation, <i>E. coli</i> Inactivation, and Synergistic Effects |
| title_short | Assessing the Efficacy of A Mo<sub>2</sub>C/Peroxydisulfate System for Tertiary Wastewater Treatment: A Study of Losartan Degradation, <i>E. coli</i> Inactivation, and Synergistic Effects |
| title_sort | assessing the efficacy of a mo sub 2 sub c peroxydisulfate system for tertiary wastewater treatment a study of losartan degradation i e coli i inactivation and synergistic effects |
| topic | 2D material peroxydisulfate pharmaceutical pathogen process synergy solar irradiation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/13/9/1285 |
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