Helical fluorinated carbon nanotubes/iron(iii) fluoride hybrid with multilevel transportation channels and rich active sites for lithium/fluorinated carbon primary battery
Lithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CFx) primary battery is a promising energy supply device with high energy density. However, poor electrochemical capabilities such as the initial voltage delay phenomenon and the large polarization have obstructed their applications. The electrochemical performance of...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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De Gruyter
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Nanotechnology Reviews |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2023-0108 |
| _version_ | 1797736117409153024 |
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| author | Chen Gaobang Cao Feng Li Zexiao Fu Jianan Wu Baoshan Liu Yifan Jian Xian |
| author_facet | Chen Gaobang Cao Feng Li Zexiao Fu Jianan Wu Baoshan Liu Yifan Jian Xian |
| author_sort | Chen Gaobang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Lithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CFx) primary battery is a promising energy supply device with high energy density. However, poor electrochemical capabilities such as the initial voltage delay phenomenon and the large polarization have obstructed their applications. The electrochemical performance of CFx primarily depends on the feature of the carbon source and the corresponding fluorination technique. Herein, we developed a high energy density Li/CFx battery by employing helical carbon nanotubes (HCNTs) as the carbon source. In detail, the precise control of the fluorination temperature was designed at the range of 250–400°C to tune the F/C ratio of CFx. Furthermore, the high F/C ratio of fluorinated HCNTs (F-HCNTs) reaches about 1.43, which surpasses the highest theoretical value in fluorinated crystalline carbon materials. Due to the active rich fluorination sites provided by the periodical insertion of the carbon pentacyclic (C5) and heptacyclic (C7) rings, HCNTs exhibited a defect-rich feature and F-HCNTs have a nodular shape. These features favor to enhance the transport of lithium ions and allow more C–F bonds to react with lithium ions, leading to a high energy density of 2133.13 W h/kg. This novel material offers an alternative approach for lithium primary battery being great potential in actual applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:08:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0daeb68b818d40249f97f14e6230e26b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2191-9097 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T13:08:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanotechnology Reviews |
| spelling | doaj.art-0daeb68b818d40249f97f14e6230e26b2023-08-28T06:16:09ZengDe GruyterNanotechnology Reviews2191-90972023-08-01121159262310.1515/ntrev-2023-0108Helical fluorinated carbon nanotubes/iron(iii) fluoride hybrid with multilevel transportation channels and rich active sites for lithium/fluorinated carbon primary batteryChen Gaobang0Cao Feng1Li Zexiao2Fu Jianan3Wu Baoshan4Liu Yifan5Jian Xian6School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, ChinaDepartment of Engineering Technology, Huzhou College, Huzhou313000, ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, ChinaSchool of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, ChinaLithium/fluorinated carbon (Li/CFx) primary battery is a promising energy supply device with high energy density. However, poor electrochemical capabilities such as the initial voltage delay phenomenon and the large polarization have obstructed their applications. The electrochemical performance of CFx primarily depends on the feature of the carbon source and the corresponding fluorination technique. Herein, we developed a high energy density Li/CFx battery by employing helical carbon nanotubes (HCNTs) as the carbon source. In detail, the precise control of the fluorination temperature was designed at the range of 250–400°C to tune the F/C ratio of CFx. Furthermore, the high F/C ratio of fluorinated HCNTs (F-HCNTs) reaches about 1.43, which surpasses the highest theoretical value in fluorinated crystalline carbon materials. Due to the active rich fluorination sites provided by the periodical insertion of the carbon pentacyclic (C5) and heptacyclic (C7) rings, HCNTs exhibited a defect-rich feature and F-HCNTs have a nodular shape. These features favor to enhance the transport of lithium ions and allow more C–F bonds to react with lithium ions, leading to a high energy density of 2133.13 W h/kg. This novel material offers an alternative approach for lithium primary battery being great potential in actual applications.https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2023-0108lithium primary batteryfluorinated carbon materialshelical carbon nanotubemultichannel effect |
| spellingShingle | Chen Gaobang Cao Feng Li Zexiao Fu Jianan Wu Baoshan Liu Yifan Jian Xian Helical fluorinated carbon nanotubes/iron(iii) fluoride hybrid with multilevel transportation channels and rich active sites for lithium/fluorinated carbon primary battery Nanotechnology Reviews lithium primary battery fluorinated carbon materials helical carbon nanotube multichannel effect |
| title | Helical fluorinated carbon nanotubes/iron(iii) fluoride hybrid with multilevel transportation channels and rich active sites for lithium/fluorinated carbon primary battery |
| title_full | Helical fluorinated carbon nanotubes/iron(iii) fluoride hybrid with multilevel transportation channels and rich active sites for lithium/fluorinated carbon primary battery |
| title_fullStr | Helical fluorinated carbon nanotubes/iron(iii) fluoride hybrid with multilevel transportation channels and rich active sites for lithium/fluorinated carbon primary battery |
| title_full_unstemmed | Helical fluorinated carbon nanotubes/iron(iii) fluoride hybrid with multilevel transportation channels and rich active sites for lithium/fluorinated carbon primary battery |
| title_short | Helical fluorinated carbon nanotubes/iron(iii) fluoride hybrid with multilevel transportation channels and rich active sites for lithium/fluorinated carbon primary battery |
| title_sort | helical fluorinated carbon nanotubes iron iii fluoride hybrid with multilevel transportation channels and rich active sites for lithium fluorinated carbon primary battery |
| topic | lithium primary battery fluorinated carbon materials helical carbon nanotube multichannel effect |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/ntrev-2023-0108 |
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