Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg
ObjectiveEstimate the incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in children (0–15 years), the role of SARS-CoV-2 variants during the first two years of COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg; and describe the demographic, biological and clinical characteristics of the patients.MethodObservatio...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2023.1141074/full |
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| author | C. Ooms C. Ooms J. Mossong A. Vergison A. Biver K. Wagner O. Niel A. Parrish T. T. Abdelrahman I. de la Fuente Garcia |
| author_facet | C. Ooms C. Ooms J. Mossong A. Vergison A. Biver K. Wagner O. Niel A. Parrish T. T. Abdelrahman I. de la Fuente Garcia |
| author_sort | C. Ooms |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ObjectiveEstimate the incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in children (0–15 years), the role of SARS-CoV-2 variants during the first two years of COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg; and describe the demographic, biological and clinical characteristics of the patients.MethodObservational retrospective cohort study. Cases between March 2020 and February 2022 were ascertained from the national registry of MIS-C cases by a retrospective review of medical records. Reported SARS-CoV-2 infections were obtained from the national COVID-19 surveillance system. We calculated monthly MIS-C incidence, the ratio between MIS-C and SARS-CoV-2 infections and associated rate ratios by the periods corresponding to the circulation of different variants.Results18 children were diagnosed with MIS-C among 35,200 reported infections. The incidence rate of MIS-C was 7.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.5–11.4] per 1,000,000 person-months. A higher incidence of MIS-C was observed between September and December 2021, corresponding to the circulation of the Delta variant than during the first year of the pandemic (RR 3.6, 95% CI, 1.1–12.3). The lowest rate of MIS-C per infection was observed during the Omicron (RR 0.17, 95% CI, 0.03–0.82). Median age at diagnosis was 6.5 years. Previously healthy children made up 88% of MIS-C cases, none were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. 33% required intensive care. All patients recovered fully.ConclusionsMIS-C incidence and MIS-C risk per infection changed significantly over time during the first two years of COVID-19 pandemic. Monitoring of MIS-C incidence in future SARS-CoV-2 waves will be essential to guide public health interventions and vaccination policies for children. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:28:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0dbe032ad34d4fd19f1096742069b052 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-2360 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T19:28:27Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0dbe032ad34d4fd19f1096742069b0522023-04-05T04:53:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Pediatrics2296-23602023-04-011110.3389/fped.2023.11410741141074Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in LuxembourgC. Ooms0C. Ooms1J. Mossong2A. Vergison3A. Biver4K. Wagner5O. Niel6A. Parrish7T. T. Abdelrahman8I. de la Fuente Garcia9Clinique Pédiatrique, National Center for Paediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Luxembourg, LuxembourgDepartment of Paediatrics, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, BelgiumHealth Directorate, Strassen, LuxembourgHealth Directorate, Strassen, LuxembourgClinique Pédiatrique, National Center for Paediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Luxembourg, LuxembourgClinique Pédiatrique, National Center for Paediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Luxembourg, LuxembourgClinique Pédiatrique, National Center for Paediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Luxembourg, LuxembourgDepartment of Microbiology, Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, LuxembourgDepartment of Microbiology, Laboratoire National de Santé, Dudelange, LuxembourgClinique Pédiatrique, National Center for Paediatrics, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Luxembourg, LuxembourgObjectiveEstimate the incidence of multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C) in children (0–15 years), the role of SARS-CoV-2 variants during the first two years of COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg; and describe the demographic, biological and clinical characteristics of the patients.MethodObservational retrospective cohort study. Cases between March 2020 and February 2022 were ascertained from the national registry of MIS-C cases by a retrospective review of medical records. Reported SARS-CoV-2 infections were obtained from the national COVID-19 surveillance system. We calculated monthly MIS-C incidence, the ratio between MIS-C and SARS-CoV-2 infections and associated rate ratios by the periods corresponding to the circulation of different variants.Results18 children were diagnosed with MIS-C among 35,200 reported infections. The incidence rate of MIS-C was 7.2 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4.5–11.4] per 1,000,000 person-months. A higher incidence of MIS-C was observed between September and December 2021, corresponding to the circulation of the Delta variant than during the first year of the pandemic (RR 3.6, 95% CI, 1.1–12.3). The lowest rate of MIS-C per infection was observed during the Omicron (RR 0.17, 95% CI, 0.03–0.82). Median age at diagnosis was 6.5 years. Previously healthy children made up 88% of MIS-C cases, none were vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. 33% required intensive care. All patients recovered fully.ConclusionsMIS-C incidence and MIS-C risk per infection changed significantly over time during the first two years of COVID-19 pandemic. Monitoring of MIS-C incidence in future SARS-CoV-2 waves will be essential to guide public health interventions and vaccination policies for children.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2023.1141074/fullMIS-CLuxembourgincidenceprognosisSARS-CoV-2 variants of concern |
| spellingShingle | C. Ooms C. Ooms J. Mossong A. Vergison A. Biver K. Wagner O. Niel A. Parrish T. T. Abdelrahman I. de la Fuente Garcia Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg Frontiers in Pediatrics MIS-C Luxembourg incidence prognosis SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern |
| title | Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg |
| title_full | Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg |
| title_fullStr | Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg |
| title_short | Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic in Luxembourg |
| title_sort | multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children during the first two years of the covid 19 pandemic in luxembourg |
| topic | MIS-C Luxembourg incidence prognosis SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fped.2023.1141074/full |
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