How Are Epigenetic Modifications Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults?
The rate of aging has increased globally during recent decades and has led to a rising burden of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). At the molecular level, epigenetic modifications have been shown recently to alter gene expression during the life course and impair cellular fu...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/18/9949 |
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| author | Mojgan Gharipour Arya Mani Mona Amini Baghbahadorani Camila Kellen de Souza Cardoso Shayesteh Jahanfar Nizal Sarrafzadegan Cesar de Oliveira Erika Aparecida Silveira |
| author_facet | Mojgan Gharipour Arya Mani Mona Amini Baghbahadorani Camila Kellen de Souza Cardoso Shayesteh Jahanfar Nizal Sarrafzadegan Cesar de Oliveira Erika Aparecida Silveira |
| author_sort | Mojgan Gharipour |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The rate of aging has increased globally during recent decades and has led to a rising burden of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). At the molecular level, epigenetic modifications have been shown recently to alter gene expression during the life course and impair cellular function. In this regard, several CVD risk factors, such as lifestyle and environmental factors, have emerged as key factors in epigenetic modifications within the cardiovascular system. In this study, we attempted to summarized recent evidence related to epigenetic modification, inflammation response, and CVD in older adults as well as the effect of lifestyle modification as a preventive strategy in this age group. Recent evidence showed that lifestyle and environmental factors may affect epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and miRNA expression. Several substances or nutrients such as selenium, magnesium, curcumin, and caffeine (present in coffee and some teas) could regulate epigenetics. Similarly, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, air pollutants, psychological stress, and shift working are well-known modifiers of epigenetic patterns. Understanding the exact ways that lifestyle and environmental factors could affect the expression of genes could help to influence the time of incidence and severity of aging-associated diseases. This review highlighted that a healthy lifestyle throughout the life course, such as a healthy diet rich in fibers, vitamins, and essential elements, and specific fatty acids, adequate physical activity and sleep, smoking cessation, and stress control, could be useful tools in preventing epigenetic changes that lead to impaired cardiovascular function. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:35:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0dda38b2ad9c4bf7b0193e44526c4035 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:35:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-0dda38b2ad9c4bf7b0193e44526c40352023-11-22T13:30:08ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-09-012218994910.3390/ijms22189949How Are Epigenetic Modifications Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults?Mojgan Gharipour0Arya Mani1Mona Amini Baghbahadorani2Camila Kellen de Souza Cardoso3Shayesteh Jahanfar4Nizal Sarrafzadegan5Cesar de Oliveira6Erika Aparecida Silveira7Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, IranCardiovascular Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, and Department of Genetics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USAInterventional Cardiology Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, IranSchool of Social Sciences and Health, Nutrition Course, Pontifical Catholic University of Goias, Goiânia 74605-010, BrazilDepartment of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MI 02111, USAIsfahan Cardiovascular Research Center, Cardiovascular Research Institute, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8158388994, IranDepartment of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKDepartment of Epidemiology & Public Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health Care, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UKThe rate of aging has increased globally during recent decades and has led to a rising burden of age-related diseases such as cardiovascular disease (CVD). At the molecular level, epigenetic modifications have been shown recently to alter gene expression during the life course and impair cellular function. In this regard, several CVD risk factors, such as lifestyle and environmental factors, have emerged as key factors in epigenetic modifications within the cardiovascular system. In this study, we attempted to summarized recent evidence related to epigenetic modification, inflammation response, and CVD in older adults as well as the effect of lifestyle modification as a preventive strategy in this age group. Recent evidence showed that lifestyle and environmental factors may affect epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, histone acetylation, and miRNA expression. Several substances or nutrients such as selenium, magnesium, curcumin, and caffeine (present in coffee and some teas) could regulate epigenetics. Similarly, physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, air pollutants, psychological stress, and shift working are well-known modifiers of epigenetic patterns. Understanding the exact ways that lifestyle and environmental factors could affect the expression of genes could help to influence the time of incidence and severity of aging-associated diseases. This review highlighted that a healthy lifestyle throughout the life course, such as a healthy diet rich in fibers, vitamins, and essential elements, and specific fatty acids, adequate physical activity and sleep, smoking cessation, and stress control, could be useful tools in preventing epigenetic changes that lead to impaired cardiovascular function.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/18/9949epigeneticsolder adultscardiovascular diseaseaginglifestyleenvironment |
| spellingShingle | Mojgan Gharipour Arya Mani Mona Amini Baghbahadorani Camila Kellen de Souza Cardoso Shayesteh Jahanfar Nizal Sarrafzadegan Cesar de Oliveira Erika Aparecida Silveira How Are Epigenetic Modifications Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults? International Journal of Molecular Sciences epigenetics older adults cardiovascular disease aging lifestyle environment |
| title | How Are Epigenetic Modifications Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults? |
| title_full | How Are Epigenetic Modifications Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults? |
| title_fullStr | How Are Epigenetic Modifications Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults? |
| title_full_unstemmed | How Are Epigenetic Modifications Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults? |
| title_short | How Are Epigenetic Modifications Related to Cardiovascular Disease in Older Adults? |
| title_sort | how are epigenetic modifications related to cardiovascular disease in older adults |
| topic | epigenetics older adults cardiovascular disease aging lifestyle environment |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/18/9949 |
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