Inflammasome and pyroptosis in autoimmune liver diseases
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) are the four main forms of autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs), which are all defined by an aberrant immune system attack on the liver. Most previous s...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150879/full |
| _version_ | 1811158355143557120 |
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| author | Jixuan Wang Zhiwen Sun Jingri Xie Wanli Ji Yang Cui Zongxiong Ai Guoying Liang |
| author_facet | Jixuan Wang Zhiwen Sun Jingri Xie Wanli Ji Yang Cui Zongxiong Ai Guoying Liang |
| author_sort | Jixuan Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) are the four main forms of autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs), which are all defined by an aberrant immune system attack on the liver. Most previous studies have shown that apoptosis and necrosis are the two major modes of hepatocyte death in AILDs. Recent studies have reported that inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis is critical for the inflammatory response and severity of liver injury in AILDs. This review summarizes our present understanding of inflammasome activation and function, as well as the connections among inflammasomes, pyroptosis, and AILDs, thus highlighting the shared features across the four disease models and gaps in our knowledge. In addition, we summarize the correlation among NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the liver-gut axis, liver injury, and intestinal barrier disruption in PBC and PSC. We summarize the differences in microbial and metabolic characteristics between PSC and IgG4-SC, and highlight the uniqueness of IgG4-SC. We explore the different roles of NLRP3 in acute and chronic cholestatic liver injury, as well as the complex and controversial crosstalk between various types of cell death in AILDs. We also discuss the most up-to-date developments in inflammasome- and pyroptosis-targeted medicines for autoimmune liver disorders. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:23:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0de25fa0b85f4598899f80996b399cbd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T05:23:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0de25fa0b85f4598899f80996b399cbd2023-03-08T05:10:48ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242023-03-011410.3389/fimmu.2023.11508791150879Inflammasome and pyroptosis in autoimmune liver diseasesJixuan Wang0Zhiwen Sun1Jingri Xie2Wanli Ji3Yang Cui4Zongxiong Ai5Guoying Liang6School of First Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, ChinaDepartment of Liver, Spleen and Stomach Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, ChinaDepartment of Liver, Spleen and Stomach Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, ChinaSchool of First Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, ChinaSchool of First Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, ChinaSchool of First Clinical Medicine, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, ChinaDepartment of Liver, Spleen and Stomach Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, ChinaAutoimmune hepatitis (AIH), primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) are the four main forms of autoimmune liver diseases (AILDs), which are all defined by an aberrant immune system attack on the liver. Most previous studies have shown that apoptosis and necrosis are the two major modes of hepatocyte death in AILDs. Recent studies have reported that inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis is critical for the inflammatory response and severity of liver injury in AILDs. This review summarizes our present understanding of inflammasome activation and function, as well as the connections among inflammasomes, pyroptosis, and AILDs, thus highlighting the shared features across the four disease models and gaps in our knowledge. In addition, we summarize the correlation among NLRP3 inflammasome activation in the liver-gut axis, liver injury, and intestinal barrier disruption in PBC and PSC. We summarize the differences in microbial and metabolic characteristics between PSC and IgG4-SC, and highlight the uniqueness of IgG4-SC. We explore the different roles of NLRP3 in acute and chronic cholestatic liver injury, as well as the complex and controversial crosstalk between various types of cell death in AILDs. We also discuss the most up-to-date developments in inflammasome- and pyroptosis-targeted medicines for autoimmune liver disorders.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150879/fullinflammasomespyroptosisautoimmune hepatitis (AIH)primary biliary cholangitis (PBC)primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC)gut microbiota |
| spellingShingle | Jixuan Wang Zhiwen Sun Jingri Xie Wanli Ji Yang Cui Zongxiong Ai Guoying Liang Inflammasome and pyroptosis in autoimmune liver diseases Frontiers in Immunology inflammasomes pyroptosis autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) gut microbiota |
| title | Inflammasome and pyroptosis in autoimmune liver diseases |
| title_full | Inflammasome and pyroptosis in autoimmune liver diseases |
| title_fullStr | Inflammasome and pyroptosis in autoimmune liver diseases |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inflammasome and pyroptosis in autoimmune liver diseases |
| title_short | Inflammasome and pyroptosis in autoimmune liver diseases |
| title_sort | inflammasome and pyroptosis in autoimmune liver diseases |
| topic | inflammasomes pyroptosis autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) gut microbiota |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1150879/full |
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