Spectrum of bacterial keratitis in North India: A retrospective analysis of six years at a tertiary care eye center
Purpose: To analyze the pattern of bacterial pathogens causing infective keratitis and their resistance to the recommended antibiotics over six years. Methods: It was a retrospective study of 9,357 cases of bacterial keratitis from January 2015 to December 2020, at a tertiary care ophthalmic center....
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2022-01-01
|
| Series: | Indian Journal of Ophthalmology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2022;volume=70;issue=6;spage=1982;epage=1989;aulast=Ahmed |
| _version_ | 1818469007256190976 |
|---|---|
| author | Nishat H Ahmed Deepanshi Mishra Prachala Rathod Gita Satpathy Jeewan S Titiyal Radhika Tandon Sushma Nandyala Tushar Agarwal Murugesan Vanathi Rajesh Sinha Noopur Gupta Prafulla K Maharana Manpreet Kaur Namrata Sharma |
| author_facet | Nishat H Ahmed Deepanshi Mishra Prachala Rathod Gita Satpathy Jeewan S Titiyal Radhika Tandon Sushma Nandyala Tushar Agarwal Murugesan Vanathi Rajesh Sinha Noopur Gupta Prafulla K Maharana Manpreet Kaur Namrata Sharma |
| author_sort | Nishat H Ahmed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Purpose: To analyze the pattern of bacterial pathogens causing infective keratitis and their resistance to the recommended antibiotics over six years. Methods: It was a retrospective study of 9,357 cases of bacterial keratitis from January 2015 to December 2020, at a tertiary care ophthalmic center. A total of 9,547 corneal specimens were obtained from the study subjects. Demographic details of the patients, pathogenic bacteria isolated, and their antimicrobial susceptibility were noted and analyzed. Results: Bacterial pathogens were identified in 23.52% of the specimens. The most common isolates were coagulase-negative Staphylococci (60.75%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.23%), Staphylococcus aureus (13.92%), gram negative bacilli of the family Enterobacterales (8.64%), Streptococcus spp. (1.72%), Acinetobacter spp. (0.13%), and other non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli (0.57%). In Staphylococci, 55–80% of isolates were resistant to erythromycin, and 40–70% to fluoroquinolones, while no resistance was observed against vancomycin. 40–60% of isolates of P. aeruginosa were resistant to cephalosporins, 40–55% to fluoroquinolones, and 30–60% to aminoglycosides. Also, 40–80% of isolates of Enterobacterales were resistant to cephalosporins, and 50–60% to fluoroquinolones. Most gram-negative isolates were susceptible to carbapenems and polymyxin B. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, our study is the largest compilation of microbiological profile of bacterial keratitis from North India. It highlights the current trend of the bacterial pathogens that cause infectious keratitis. Staphylococci and Pseudomonas were found to be the most common pathogens. Increased resistance was seen against some of the commonly prescribed empirical antibiotics. Such evidence is useful for restructuring the empirical prescription practices from time to time. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:18:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0de36af65b04402288aa19aaabc8d618 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0301-4738 1998-3689 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T21:18:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indian Journal of Ophthalmology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0de36af65b04402288aa19aaabc8d6182022-12-22T02:29:35ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsIndian Journal of Ophthalmology0301-47381998-36892022-01-017061982198910.4103/ijo.IJO_2915_21Spectrum of bacterial keratitis in North India: A retrospective analysis of six years at a tertiary care eye centerNishat H AhmedDeepanshi MishraPrachala RathodGita SatpathyJeewan S TitiyalRadhika TandonSushma NandyalaTushar AgarwalMurugesan VanathiRajesh SinhaNoopur GuptaPrafulla K MaharanaManpreet KaurNamrata SharmaPurpose: To analyze the pattern of bacterial pathogens causing infective keratitis and their resistance to the recommended antibiotics over six years. Methods: It was a retrospective study of 9,357 cases of bacterial keratitis from January 2015 to December 2020, at a tertiary care ophthalmic center. A total of 9,547 corneal specimens were obtained from the study subjects. Demographic details of the patients, pathogenic bacteria isolated, and their antimicrobial susceptibility were noted and analyzed. Results: Bacterial pathogens were identified in 23.52% of the specimens. The most common isolates were coagulase-negative Staphylococci (60.75%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.23%), Staphylococcus aureus (13.92%), gram negative bacilli of the family Enterobacterales (8.64%), Streptococcus spp. (1.72%), Acinetobacter spp. (0.13%), and other non-fermenting gram-negative bacilli (0.57%). In Staphylococci, 55–80% of isolates were resistant to erythromycin, and 40–70% to fluoroquinolones, while no resistance was observed against vancomycin. 40–60% of isolates of P. aeruginosa were resistant to cephalosporins, 40–55% to fluoroquinolones, and 30–60% to aminoglycosides. Also, 40–80% of isolates of Enterobacterales were resistant to cephalosporins, and 50–60% to fluoroquinolones. Most gram-negative isolates were susceptible to carbapenems and polymyxin B. Conclusion: To the best of our knowledge, our study is the largest compilation of microbiological profile of bacterial keratitis from North India. It highlights the current trend of the bacterial pathogens that cause infectious keratitis. Staphylococci and Pseudomonas were found to be the most common pathogens. Increased resistance was seen against some of the commonly prescribed empirical antibiotics. Such evidence is useful for restructuring the empirical prescription practices from time to time.http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2022;volume=70;issue=6;spage=1982;epage=1989;aulast=Ahmedantimicrobial susceptibility testingbacterial keratitisbacterial pathogensempirical antibioticsseasonal variation |
| spellingShingle | Nishat H Ahmed Deepanshi Mishra Prachala Rathod Gita Satpathy Jeewan S Titiyal Radhika Tandon Sushma Nandyala Tushar Agarwal Murugesan Vanathi Rajesh Sinha Noopur Gupta Prafulla K Maharana Manpreet Kaur Namrata Sharma Spectrum of bacterial keratitis in North India: A retrospective analysis of six years at a tertiary care eye center Indian Journal of Ophthalmology antimicrobial susceptibility testing bacterial keratitis bacterial pathogens empirical antibiotics seasonal variation |
| title | Spectrum of bacterial keratitis in North India: A retrospective analysis of six years at a tertiary care eye center |
| title_full | Spectrum of bacterial keratitis in North India: A retrospective analysis of six years at a tertiary care eye center |
| title_fullStr | Spectrum of bacterial keratitis in North India: A retrospective analysis of six years at a tertiary care eye center |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spectrum of bacterial keratitis in North India: A retrospective analysis of six years at a tertiary care eye center |
| title_short | Spectrum of bacterial keratitis in North India: A retrospective analysis of six years at a tertiary care eye center |
| title_sort | spectrum of bacterial keratitis in north india a retrospective analysis of six years at a tertiary care eye center |
| topic | antimicrobial susceptibility testing bacterial keratitis bacterial pathogens empirical antibiotics seasonal variation |
| url | http://www.ijo.in/article.asp?issn=0301-4738;year=2022;volume=70;issue=6;spage=1982;epage=1989;aulast=Ahmed |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nishathahmed spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT deepanshimishra spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT prachalarathod spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT gitasatpathy spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT jeewanstitiyal spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT radhikatandon spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT sushmanandyala spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT tusharagarwal spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT murugesanvanathi spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT rajeshsinha spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT noopurgupta spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT prafullakmaharana spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT manpreetkaur spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter AT namratasharma spectrumofbacterialkeratitisinnorthindiaaretrospectiveanalysisofsixyearsatatertiarycareeyecenter |