Effect of Siderophore on Iron Availability in a Diatom and a Dinoflagellate Species: Contrasting Response in Associated Bacteria
Organic ligands play a key role controlling trace metal bioavailability in the world's oceans, yet the species-specific requirements determining whether certain iron forms can be metabolized largely remain unclear. Siderophores are considered relevant within the pool of ligands keeping iron sol...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-04-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Marine Science |
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| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2018.00118/full |
| _version_ | 1818273793238368256 |
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| author | Nicolas Sanchez Eunice A. Brown Yngvar Olsen Olav Vadstein Jose L. Iriarte Jose L. Iriarte Jose L. Iriarte Humberto E. Gonzalez Humberto E. Gonzalez Murat Van Ardelan |
| author_facet | Nicolas Sanchez Eunice A. Brown Yngvar Olsen Olav Vadstein Jose L. Iriarte Jose L. Iriarte Jose L. Iriarte Humberto E. Gonzalez Humberto E. Gonzalez Murat Van Ardelan |
| author_sort | Nicolas Sanchez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Organic ligands play a key role controlling trace metal bioavailability in the world's oceans, yet the species-specific requirements determining whether certain iron forms can be metabolized largely remain unclear. Siderophores are considered relevant within the pool of ligands keeping iron soluble. We used desferrioxamine B (DFB) to study the siderophore's effect on cultures of Skeletonema costatum and Alexandrium catenella. The experimental approach used semi-continuous additions of iron(II) and DFB over time, reaching final concentrations of 1 and 10 nM Fe and 10–10,000 nM DFB. The negative effect of DFB on growth in S. costatum was evident and sharp until day 9 for treatments above 500 nM. Delayed growth occurred at 10,000 nM, reaching ~80% of cell density in Controls under both iron conditions. Alexandrium catenella exhibited a less severe negative effect of DFB on growth, only significant at 10,000 nM, while growth was enhanced at lowest DFB. Total bacterial abundance in diatom and dinoflagellate cultures presented inverse trends. While negatively correlated to DFB in diatom cultures, bacteria showed highest abundances in high DFB treatments in dinoflagellate cultures. Delayed growth exhibited in S. costatum at the highest DFB, indicates that favorable changes for Fe uptake occurred over time, suggesting the involvement of other mechanisms facilitating the diatom cell membrane reduction. Overall, unaffected growth in A. catenella suggests that this species can use FeDFB and therefore has the capacity to access strongly complexed Fe sources. Contrasting responses in the bacterial community associated with each species highlight the complexity of these interactions, while suggesting that for A. catenella it may represent an advantage for acquiring Fe. These results demonstrated the capacity for different uptake strategies among phytoplankton species of different functional groups and underlines the necessity to broaden the study of iron bioavailability on a species basis, alongside interaction with other microbial components such bacteria, to reflect interactions in natural ecosystems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T22:03:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0df7a616958b4652b55eb6797f48ffbe |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-7745 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T22:03:36Z |
| publishDate | 2018-04-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Marine Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-0df7a616958b4652b55eb6797f48ffbe2022-12-22T00:10:27ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Marine Science2296-77452018-04-01510.3389/fmars.2018.00118299249Effect of Siderophore on Iron Availability in a Diatom and a Dinoflagellate Species: Contrasting Response in Associated BacteriaNicolas Sanchez0Eunice A. Brown1Yngvar Olsen2Olav Vadstein3Jose L. Iriarte4Jose L. Iriarte5Jose L. Iriarte6Humberto E. Gonzalez7Humberto E. Gonzalez8Murat Van Ardelan9Department of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NorwayDepartment of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NorwayDepartment of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NorwayDepartment of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NorwayInstituto de Acuicultura, Universidad Austral de Chile, Puerto Montt, ChileCentro COPAS Sur-Austral, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, ChileCentro de Investigación Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, ChileCentro de Investigación Dinámica de Ecosistemas Marinos de Altas Latitudes, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, ChileInstituto de Ciencias Marinas y Limnológicas, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, ChileDepartment of Chemistry, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, NorwayOrganic ligands play a key role controlling trace metal bioavailability in the world's oceans, yet the species-specific requirements determining whether certain iron forms can be metabolized largely remain unclear. Siderophores are considered relevant within the pool of ligands keeping iron soluble. We used desferrioxamine B (DFB) to study the siderophore's effect on cultures of Skeletonema costatum and Alexandrium catenella. The experimental approach used semi-continuous additions of iron(II) and DFB over time, reaching final concentrations of 1 and 10 nM Fe and 10–10,000 nM DFB. The negative effect of DFB on growth in S. costatum was evident and sharp until day 9 for treatments above 500 nM. Delayed growth occurred at 10,000 nM, reaching ~80% of cell density in Controls under both iron conditions. Alexandrium catenella exhibited a less severe negative effect of DFB on growth, only significant at 10,000 nM, while growth was enhanced at lowest DFB. Total bacterial abundance in diatom and dinoflagellate cultures presented inverse trends. While negatively correlated to DFB in diatom cultures, bacteria showed highest abundances in high DFB treatments in dinoflagellate cultures. Delayed growth exhibited in S. costatum at the highest DFB, indicates that favorable changes for Fe uptake occurred over time, suggesting the involvement of other mechanisms facilitating the diatom cell membrane reduction. Overall, unaffected growth in A. catenella suggests that this species can use FeDFB and therefore has the capacity to access strongly complexed Fe sources. Contrasting responses in the bacterial community associated with each species highlight the complexity of these interactions, while suggesting that for A. catenella it may represent an advantage for acquiring Fe. These results demonstrated the capacity for different uptake strategies among phytoplankton species of different functional groups and underlines the necessity to broaden the study of iron bioavailability on a species basis, alongside interaction with other microbial components such bacteria, to reflect interactions in natural ecosystems.http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2018.00118/fullSkeletonema costatumAlexandrium catenellaassociated bacteriaFe-siderophoredesferrioxamine Biron bioavailability |
| spellingShingle | Nicolas Sanchez Eunice A. Brown Yngvar Olsen Olav Vadstein Jose L. Iriarte Jose L. Iriarte Jose L. Iriarte Humberto E. Gonzalez Humberto E. Gonzalez Murat Van Ardelan Effect of Siderophore on Iron Availability in a Diatom and a Dinoflagellate Species: Contrasting Response in Associated Bacteria Frontiers in Marine Science Skeletonema costatum Alexandrium catenella associated bacteria Fe-siderophore desferrioxamine B iron bioavailability |
| title | Effect of Siderophore on Iron Availability in a Diatom and a Dinoflagellate Species: Contrasting Response in Associated Bacteria |
| title_full | Effect of Siderophore on Iron Availability in a Diatom and a Dinoflagellate Species: Contrasting Response in Associated Bacteria |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Siderophore on Iron Availability in a Diatom and a Dinoflagellate Species: Contrasting Response in Associated Bacteria |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Siderophore on Iron Availability in a Diatom and a Dinoflagellate Species: Contrasting Response in Associated Bacteria |
| title_short | Effect of Siderophore on Iron Availability in a Diatom and a Dinoflagellate Species: Contrasting Response in Associated Bacteria |
| title_sort | effect of siderophore on iron availability in a diatom and a dinoflagellate species contrasting response in associated bacteria |
| topic | Skeletonema costatum Alexandrium catenella associated bacteria Fe-siderophore desferrioxamine B iron bioavailability |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmars.2018.00118/full |
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