Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Tumor Angiogenesis
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as non-protein coding transcripts with a minimal length of 200 nucleotides. They are involved in various biological processes such as cell differentiation, apoptosis, as well as in pathophysiological processes. Numerous studies considered that frequently de...
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MDPI AG
2020-09-01
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| Series: | Non-Coding RNA |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/6/4/42 |
| _version_ | 1827705460211318784 |
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| author | Julia Teppan Dominik A. Barth Felix Prinz Katharina Jonas Martin Pichler Christiane Klec |
| author_facet | Julia Teppan Dominik A. Barth Felix Prinz Katharina Jonas Martin Pichler Christiane Klec |
| author_sort | Julia Teppan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as non-protein coding transcripts with a minimal length of 200 nucleotides. They are involved in various biological processes such as cell differentiation, apoptosis, as well as in pathophysiological processes. Numerous studies considered that frequently deregulated lncRNAs contribute to all hallmarks of cancer including metastasis, drug resistance, and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is crucial for a tumor to receive sufficient amounts of nutrients and oxygen and therefore, to grow and exceed in its size over the diameter of 2 mm. In this review, the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs are described, which influence tumor angiogenesis by directly or indirectly regulating oncogenic pathways, interacting with other transcripts such as microRNAs (miRNAs) or modulating the tumor microenvironment. Further, angiogenic lncRNAs occurring in several cancer types such as liver, gastrointestinal cancer, or brain tumors are summarized. Growing evidence on the influence of lncRNAs on tumor angiogenesis verified these transcripts as potential predictive or diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets of anti-angiogenesis treatment. However, there are many unsolved questions left which are pointed out in this review, hence driving comprehensive research in this area is necessary to enable an effective use of lncRNAs as either therapeutic molecules or diagnostic targets in cancer. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:03:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0dfe7cb34b4440839d54a00a34e0c66b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-553X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T16:03:20Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Non-Coding RNA |
| spelling | doaj.art-0dfe7cb34b4440839d54a00a34e0c66b2023-11-20T15:02:49ZengMDPI AGNon-Coding RNA2311-553X2020-09-01644210.3390/ncrna6040042Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Tumor AngiogenesisJulia Teppan0Dominik A. Barth1Felix Prinz2Katharina Jonas3Martin Pichler4Christiane Klec5Research Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, AustriaResearch Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, AustriaResearch Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, AustriaResearch Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, AustriaResearch Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, AustriaResearch Unit of Non-Coding RNAs and Genome Editing in Cancer, Division of Clinical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Center Graz, Medical University of Graz, 8036 Graz, AustriaLong non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as non-protein coding transcripts with a minimal length of 200 nucleotides. They are involved in various biological processes such as cell differentiation, apoptosis, as well as in pathophysiological processes. Numerous studies considered that frequently deregulated lncRNAs contribute to all hallmarks of cancer including metastasis, drug resistance, and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis, the formation of new blood vessels, is crucial for a tumor to receive sufficient amounts of nutrients and oxygen and therefore, to grow and exceed in its size over the diameter of 2 mm. In this review, the regulatory mechanisms of lncRNAs are described, which influence tumor angiogenesis by directly or indirectly regulating oncogenic pathways, interacting with other transcripts such as microRNAs (miRNAs) or modulating the tumor microenvironment. Further, angiogenic lncRNAs occurring in several cancer types such as liver, gastrointestinal cancer, or brain tumors are summarized. Growing evidence on the influence of lncRNAs on tumor angiogenesis verified these transcripts as potential predictive or diagnostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets of anti-angiogenesis treatment. However, there are many unsolved questions left which are pointed out in this review, hence driving comprehensive research in this area is necessary to enable an effective use of lncRNAs as either therapeutic molecules or diagnostic targets in cancer.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/6/4/42long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)angiogenesistumorcancer |
| spellingShingle | Julia Teppan Dominik A. Barth Felix Prinz Katharina Jonas Martin Pichler Christiane Klec Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Tumor Angiogenesis Non-Coding RNA long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) angiogenesis tumor cancer |
| title | Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Tumor Angiogenesis |
| title_full | Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Tumor Angiogenesis |
| title_fullStr | Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Tumor Angiogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Tumor Angiogenesis |
| title_short | Involvement of Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in Tumor Angiogenesis |
| title_sort | involvement of long non coding rnas lncrnas in tumor angiogenesis |
| topic | long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) angiogenesis tumor cancer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-553X/6/4/42 |
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