The Immunosuppressant Effect Comparation Between Ethyl Acetate and n-Butanol Fractions of Kalanchoe Pinnata (Lmk) Pers In 2,6,10,14 Tetramethylpentadecane-Treated Mice
Immunosuppressant drugs are the main treatment of lupus patient. The ACR and SLICC treatment guidelines are able to increase the quality of life, but the outcome is not satisfying since the off-label therapy of corticosteroids and cytotoxic drugs give a lot of side effects. Many breakthrough effort...
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Mulawarman University
2017-06-01
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| Series: | Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry |
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| Online Access: | https://jtpc.farmasi.unmul.ac.id/index.php/jtpc/article/view/126 |
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| author | Niken Indriyanti Joewono Soeroso Junaidi Khotib |
| author_facet | Niken Indriyanti Joewono Soeroso Junaidi Khotib |
| author_sort | Niken Indriyanti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Immunosuppressant drugs are the main treatment of lupus patient. The ACR and SLICC treatment guidelines are able to increase the quality of life, but the outcome is not satisfying since the off-label therapy of corticosteroids and cytotoxic drugs give a lot of side effects. Many breakthrough efforts still develop in order to find the safe and effective drugs for lupus, such as finding immunosuppressant drugs from natural resources. One of the potential resources is Kalanchoe pinnata (Lmk) Pers, which have immunosuppressant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant effects. Thus, in the previous study, we found the effect of the aqueous extract of Kalanchoe pinnata (Lmk) Pers is active to repair the lupus manifestation in 2,6,10,14 tetramethylpentadecane (TMPD)-treated mice. Then, this research was focused on the in vivo immunosuppressant effect of a flavonoid-rich fraction of the extract which was consisted of the ethyl acetate (FE) and n-butanol (FB) fractions. The induction method and the extraction procedure were the same as the previous study and then the fractionation was performed by using liquid-liquid extraction. After 2-week treatment of both fractions, we obtained the differences in the total leukocytes, organ indexes, and also the spleen, kidney, and joint structure parameters. The total leukocyte of the FE group was 3,600±264 cells/mm3, which was lower than that in the FB group. The spleen and kidney indexes increased after the administration of FB fraction, while the FE fraction was not. At last, despite the histology observation of spleen resembled mild structural changes differences, the clear differences between both treatment groups occurred in the kidney and joint histology. The differences led to a conclusion that the FE fraction has the better immunosuppressant effect in TMPD-treated mice.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:48:21Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T12:48:21Z |
| publishDate | 2017-06-01 |
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| series | Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e084a468f8a434299f332541dde55bb2023-11-04T06:19:19ZengMulawarman UniversityJournal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry2087-70992407-60902017-06-014110.25026/jtpc.v4i1.126126The Immunosuppressant Effect Comparation Between Ethyl Acetate and n-Butanol Fractions of Kalanchoe Pinnata (Lmk) Pers In 2,6,10,14 Tetramethylpentadecane-Treated MiceNiken Indriyanti0Joewono Soeroso1Junaidi Khotib2Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, IndonesiaDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, IndonesiaDepartment of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia Immunosuppressant drugs are the main treatment of lupus patient. The ACR and SLICC treatment guidelines are able to increase the quality of life, but the outcome is not satisfying since the off-label therapy of corticosteroids and cytotoxic drugs give a lot of side effects. Many breakthrough efforts still develop in order to find the safe and effective drugs for lupus, such as finding immunosuppressant drugs from natural resources. One of the potential resources is Kalanchoe pinnata (Lmk) Pers, which have immunosuppressant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant effects. Thus, in the previous study, we found the effect of the aqueous extract of Kalanchoe pinnata (Lmk) Pers is active to repair the lupus manifestation in 2,6,10,14 tetramethylpentadecane (TMPD)-treated mice. Then, this research was focused on the in vivo immunosuppressant effect of a flavonoid-rich fraction of the extract which was consisted of the ethyl acetate (FE) and n-butanol (FB) fractions. The induction method and the extraction procedure were the same as the previous study and then the fractionation was performed by using liquid-liquid extraction. After 2-week treatment of both fractions, we obtained the differences in the total leukocytes, organ indexes, and also the spleen, kidney, and joint structure parameters. The total leukocyte of the FE group was 3,600±264 cells/mm3, which was lower than that in the FB group. The spleen and kidney indexes increased after the administration of FB fraction, while the FE fraction was not. At last, despite the histology observation of spleen resembled mild structural changes differences, the clear differences between both treatment groups occurred in the kidney and joint histology. The differences led to a conclusion that the FE fraction has the better immunosuppressant effect in TMPD-treated mice. https://jtpc.farmasi.unmul.ac.id/index.php/jtpc/article/view/126lupus modelKalanchoe pinnata (Lmk)Persflavonoidsethyl acetate fractionn - butanol fraction |
| spellingShingle | Niken Indriyanti Joewono Soeroso Junaidi Khotib The Immunosuppressant Effect Comparation Between Ethyl Acetate and n-Butanol Fractions of Kalanchoe Pinnata (Lmk) Pers In 2,6,10,14 Tetramethylpentadecane-Treated Mice Journal of Tropical Pharmacy and Chemistry lupus model Kalanchoe pinnata (Lmk)Pers flavonoids ethyl acetate fraction n - butanol fraction |
| title | The Immunosuppressant Effect Comparation Between Ethyl Acetate and n-Butanol Fractions of Kalanchoe Pinnata (Lmk) Pers In 2,6,10,14 Tetramethylpentadecane-Treated Mice |
| title_full | The Immunosuppressant Effect Comparation Between Ethyl Acetate and n-Butanol Fractions of Kalanchoe Pinnata (Lmk) Pers In 2,6,10,14 Tetramethylpentadecane-Treated Mice |
| title_fullStr | The Immunosuppressant Effect Comparation Between Ethyl Acetate and n-Butanol Fractions of Kalanchoe Pinnata (Lmk) Pers In 2,6,10,14 Tetramethylpentadecane-Treated Mice |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Immunosuppressant Effect Comparation Between Ethyl Acetate and n-Butanol Fractions of Kalanchoe Pinnata (Lmk) Pers In 2,6,10,14 Tetramethylpentadecane-Treated Mice |
| title_short | The Immunosuppressant Effect Comparation Between Ethyl Acetate and n-Butanol Fractions of Kalanchoe Pinnata (Lmk) Pers In 2,6,10,14 Tetramethylpentadecane-Treated Mice |
| title_sort | immunosuppressant effect comparation between ethyl acetate and n butanol fractions of kalanchoe pinnata lmk pers in 2 6 10 14 tetramethylpentadecane treated mice |
| topic | lupus model Kalanchoe pinnata (Lmk)Pers flavonoids ethyl acetate fraction n - butanol fraction |
| url | https://jtpc.farmasi.unmul.ac.id/index.php/jtpc/article/view/126 |
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