Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> among Patients Diagnosed with Surgical Site Infection at Four Hospitals in Ethiopia
Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) is a common cause of severe surgical site infections (SSI). The molecular epidemiology of MRSA is poorly documented in Ethiopia. This study is designed to determine the prevalence of MRSA and associated factors among patients diag...
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MDPI AG
2023-11-01
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| Series: | Antibiotics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/12/1681 |
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| author | Seble Worku Tamrat Abebe Berhanu Seyoum Ashenafi Alemu Yidenek Shimelash Marechign Yimer Alemseged Abdissa Getachew Tesfaye Beyene Göte Swedberg Adane Mihret |
| author_facet | Seble Worku Tamrat Abebe Berhanu Seyoum Ashenafi Alemu Yidenek Shimelash Marechign Yimer Alemseged Abdissa Getachew Tesfaye Beyene Göte Swedberg Adane Mihret |
| author_sort | Seble Worku |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) is a common cause of severe surgical site infections (SSI). The molecular epidemiology of MRSA is poorly documented in Ethiopia. This study is designed to determine the prevalence of MRSA and associated factors among patients diagnosed with SSI. A multicenter study was conducted at four hospitals in Ethiopia. A wound culture was performed among 752 SSI patients. This study isolated <i>S. aureus</i> and identified MRSA using standard bacteriology, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and cefoxitin disk diffusion test. The genes <i>mecA</i>, <i>femA</i>, <i>vanA</i>, and <i>vanB</i> were detected through PCR tests. <i>S. aureus</i> was identified in 21.6% of participants, with 24.5% of these being methicillin-resistant Staphylococci and 0.6% showing vancomycin resistance. Using MALDI-TOF MS for the 40 methicillin-resistant Staphylococci, we confirmed that 31 (77.5%) were <i>S. aureus</i>, 6 (15%) were <i>Mammaliicoccus sciuri</i>, and the other 3 (2.5%) were <i>Staphylococcus warneri</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i>. The gene <i>mecA</i> was detected from 27.5% (11/40) of Staphylococci through PCR. Only 36.4% (4/11) were detected in <i>S. aureus</i>, and no <i>vanA</i> or <i>vanB</i> genes were identified. Out of 11 <i>mecA</i>-gene-positive Staphylococci, 8 (72.7%) were detected in Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections were associated with the following risk factors: age ≥ 61 years, prolonged duration of hospital stay, and history of previous antibiotic use, <i>p</i>-values < 0.05. Hospitals should strengthen infection prevention and control strategies and start antimicrobial stewardship programs. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:03:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e0a6bd57cc245dc89392ca2fd1eadd8 |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T21:03:11Z |
| publishDate | 2023-11-01 |
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| series | Antibiotics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e0a6bd57cc245dc89392ca2fd1eadd82023-12-22T13:47:52ZengMDPI AGAntibiotics2079-63822023-11-011212168110.3390/antibiotics12121681Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> among Patients Diagnosed with Surgical Site Infection at Four Hospitals in EthiopiaSeble Worku0Tamrat Abebe1Berhanu Seyoum2Ashenafi Alemu3Yidenek Shimelash4Marechign Yimer5Alemseged Abdissa6Getachew Tesfaye Beyene7Göte Swedberg8Adane Mihret9Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1165, EthiopiaDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1165, EthiopiaBacterial and Viral Diseases Research Directorate, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa 1165, EthiopiaBacterial and Viral Diseases Research Directorate, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa 1165, EthiopiaDebre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Debre Tabor P.O. Box 272, EthiopiaBacterial and Viral Diseases Research Directorate, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa 1165, EthiopiaBacterial and Viral Diseases Research Directorate, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa 1165, EthiopiaBacterial and Viral Diseases Research Directorate, Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa 1165, EthiopiaDepartment of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 750 08 Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 1165, EthiopiaMethicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> (MRSA) is a common cause of severe surgical site infections (SSI). The molecular epidemiology of MRSA is poorly documented in Ethiopia. This study is designed to determine the prevalence of MRSA and associated factors among patients diagnosed with SSI. A multicenter study was conducted at four hospitals in Ethiopia. A wound culture was performed among 752 SSI patients. This study isolated <i>S. aureus</i> and identified MRSA using standard bacteriology, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), and cefoxitin disk diffusion test. The genes <i>mecA</i>, <i>femA</i>, <i>vanA</i>, and <i>vanB</i> were detected through PCR tests. <i>S. aureus</i> was identified in 21.6% of participants, with 24.5% of these being methicillin-resistant Staphylococci and 0.6% showing vancomycin resistance. Using MALDI-TOF MS for the 40 methicillin-resistant Staphylococci, we confirmed that 31 (77.5%) were <i>S. aureus</i>, 6 (15%) were <i>Mammaliicoccus sciuri</i>, and the other 3 (2.5%) were <i>Staphylococcus warneri</i>, <i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>, and <i>Staphylococcus haemolyticus</i>. The gene <i>mecA</i> was detected from 27.5% (11/40) of Staphylococci through PCR. Only 36.4% (4/11) were detected in <i>S. aureus</i>, and no <i>vanA</i> or <i>vanB</i> genes were identified. Out of 11 <i>mecA</i>-gene-positive Staphylococci, 8 (72.7%) were detected in Debre Tabor Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. Methicillin-resistant staphylococcal infections were associated with the following risk factors: age ≥ 61 years, prolonged duration of hospital stay, and history of previous antibiotic use, <i>p</i>-values < 0.05. Hospitals should strengthen infection prevention and control strategies and start antimicrobial stewardship programs.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/12/1681surgical site infectionmethicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococci</i>molecular epidemiologyantimicrobial resistanceEthiopia |
| spellingShingle | Seble Worku Tamrat Abebe Berhanu Seyoum Ashenafi Alemu Yidenek Shimelash Marechign Yimer Alemseged Abdissa Getachew Tesfaye Beyene Göte Swedberg Adane Mihret Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> among Patients Diagnosed with Surgical Site Infection at Four Hospitals in Ethiopia Antibiotics surgical site infection methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococci</i> molecular epidemiology antimicrobial resistance Ethiopia |
| title | Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> among Patients Diagnosed with Surgical Site Infection at Four Hospitals in Ethiopia |
| title_full | Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> among Patients Diagnosed with Surgical Site Infection at Four Hospitals in Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> among Patients Diagnosed with Surgical Site Infection at Four Hospitals in Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> among Patients Diagnosed with Surgical Site Infection at Four Hospitals in Ethiopia |
| title_short | Molecular Epidemiology of Methicillin-Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> among Patients Diagnosed with Surgical Site Infection at Four Hospitals in Ethiopia |
| title_sort | molecular epidemiology of methicillin resistant i staphylococcus aureus i among patients diagnosed with surgical site infection at four hospitals in ethiopia |
| topic | surgical site infection methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococci</i> molecular epidemiology antimicrobial resistance Ethiopia |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6382/12/12/1681 |
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