Proportion of toxin and non-toxin virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from diabetic foot infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus isolates are the leading cause of diabetic foot infections (DFIs). Identification of specific virulence factors of S. aureus involved in the pathogenesis of DFIs may help control the infection more effectively. Since the most prevalent virulence factor genes...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-03142-y |
| _version_ | 1797363556702748672 |
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| author | Samaneh Shahrokh Aliye Tabatabaee Maryam Yazdi Mansour Siavash |
| author_facet | Samaneh Shahrokh Aliye Tabatabaee Maryam Yazdi Mansour Siavash |
| author_sort | Samaneh Shahrokh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Staphylococcus aureus isolates are the leading cause of diabetic foot infections (DFIs). Identification of specific virulence factors of S. aureus involved in the pathogenesis of DFIs may help control the infection more effectively. Since the most prevalent virulence factor genes are probably related to the DFI pathogenesis, the aim of this study is to evaluate the proportion of virulence factor genes of S. aureus isolates from DFIs. Materials and methods We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus to identify all articles reporting the proportion of different types of virulence factors of S. aureus isolates from DFI samples. Results Seventeen studies were eligible, in which 1062 S. aureus isolates were obtained from 1948 patients and 2131 DFI samples. Among the toxin virulence factors, hld 100.0% (95% CI: 97.0, 100.0%), hlg 88.0% (95% CI: 58.0, 100.0%), hla 80.0% (95% CI: 31.0, 100.0%), hlgv 79.0% (95% CI: 35.0, 100.0%) and luk-ED 72.0% (95% CI: 42.0, 95.0%) had the highest proportion respectively. Among the genes associated with biofilm formation, both icaA and icaD had the highest proportion 100.0% (95% CI: 95.6, 100.0%). Conclusion The results of the present study showed that among the toxin virulence factors, hemolysins (hld, hlg, hla, hlgv) and luk-ED and among the non-toxin virulence factors, icaA and icaD have the greatest proportion in S. aureus isolates from DFIs. These prevalent genes may have the potential to evaluate as virulence factors involved in DFI pathogenesis. Finding these probable virulence factor genes can help control diabetic foot infection more effectively via anti-virulence therapy or preparation of multi-epitope vaccines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:22:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e121973d76649bbab83f9b4dd1163e5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2180 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T16:22:59Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e121973d76649bbab83f9b4dd1163e52024-01-07T12:14:05ZengBMCBMC Microbiology1471-21802024-01-0124111110.1186/s12866-023-03142-yProportion of toxin and non-toxin virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from diabetic foot infection: a systematic review and meta-analysisSamaneh Shahrokh0Aliye Tabatabaee1Maryam Yazdi2Mansour Siavash3Isfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesChild Growth, and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahan Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Staphylococcus aureus isolates are the leading cause of diabetic foot infections (DFIs). Identification of specific virulence factors of S. aureus involved in the pathogenesis of DFIs may help control the infection more effectively. Since the most prevalent virulence factor genes are probably related to the DFI pathogenesis, the aim of this study is to evaluate the proportion of virulence factor genes of S. aureus isolates from DFIs. Materials and methods We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus to identify all articles reporting the proportion of different types of virulence factors of S. aureus isolates from DFI samples. Results Seventeen studies were eligible, in which 1062 S. aureus isolates were obtained from 1948 patients and 2131 DFI samples. Among the toxin virulence factors, hld 100.0% (95% CI: 97.0, 100.0%), hlg 88.0% (95% CI: 58.0, 100.0%), hla 80.0% (95% CI: 31.0, 100.0%), hlgv 79.0% (95% CI: 35.0, 100.0%) and luk-ED 72.0% (95% CI: 42.0, 95.0%) had the highest proportion respectively. Among the genes associated with biofilm formation, both icaA and icaD had the highest proportion 100.0% (95% CI: 95.6, 100.0%). Conclusion The results of the present study showed that among the toxin virulence factors, hemolysins (hld, hlg, hla, hlgv) and luk-ED and among the non-toxin virulence factors, icaA and icaD have the greatest proportion in S. aureus isolates from DFIs. These prevalent genes may have the potential to evaluate as virulence factors involved in DFI pathogenesis. Finding these probable virulence factor genes can help control diabetic foot infection more effectively via anti-virulence therapy or preparation of multi-epitope vaccines.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-03142-yStaphylococcus aureusVirulence factorsDiabetic footFoot ulcerInfections |
| spellingShingle | Samaneh Shahrokh Aliye Tabatabaee Maryam Yazdi Mansour Siavash Proportion of toxin and non-toxin virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from diabetic foot infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMC Microbiology Staphylococcus aureus Virulence factors Diabetic foot Foot ulcer Infections |
| title | Proportion of toxin and non-toxin virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from diabetic foot infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | Proportion of toxin and non-toxin virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from diabetic foot infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | Proportion of toxin and non-toxin virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from diabetic foot infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Proportion of toxin and non-toxin virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from diabetic foot infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | Proportion of toxin and non-toxin virulence factors of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from diabetic foot infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | proportion of toxin and non toxin virulence factors of staphylococcus aureus isolates from diabetic foot infection a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Staphylococcus aureus Virulence factors Diabetic foot Foot ulcer Infections |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12866-023-03142-y |
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