Global and reflective rumination are related to suicide attempts among patients experiencing major depressive episodes
Abstract Background Recent attention has focused on the role of rumination in suicidality, with evidence indicating that rumination may be positively related to suicidal ideation. There remains disagreement on the nature of the relationship between rumination and suicide attempts, especially in majo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-02-01
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| Series: | BMC Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03119-z |
| _version_ | 1818557865684631552 |
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| author | Hao Tang Tingting Xiong Jiabo Shi Yu Chen Xiaoxue Liu Siqi Zhang Huan Wang Qing Lu Zhijian Yao |
| author_facet | Hao Tang Tingting Xiong Jiabo Shi Yu Chen Xiaoxue Liu Siqi Zhang Huan Wang Qing Lu Zhijian Yao |
| author_sort | Hao Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Recent attention has focused on the role of rumination in suicidality, with evidence indicating that rumination may be positively related to suicidal ideation. There remains disagreement on the nature of the relationship between rumination and suicide attempts, especially in major affective disorders. This study was designed to identify whether rumination is a risk factor for attempted suicide. Methods A total of 309 patients with major depressive episodes were recruited for this study, including 170 patients with major depression and 139 patients with bipolar disorder. All participants were categorized into two groups based on a series of clinical assessments: suicide attempters (n = 87) and non-suicide attempters (n = 222). Rumination was evaluated with the Ruminative Responses Scale. A binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to evaluate the relationship between rumination and suicide attempts. Results Both global ruminative levels and the two subtypes of rumination, brooding and reflection, were significantly higher in the suicide attempters than the non-suicide attempters. After controlling for age, current depression and anxiety symptoms, and episode frequency, it was found that global rumination and reflection (but not brooding) were positively associated with suicide attempts. Conclusion These results suggest that rumination may be a risk factor for suicide attempts and highlight the maladaptive nature of reflection in patients with major depressive episodes. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T00:05:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e2c99f1cb584036a0304590f9527982 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-244X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T00:05:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e2c99f1cb584036a0304590f95279822022-12-21T23:26:03ZengBMCBMC Psychiatry1471-244X2021-02-012111910.1186/s12888-021-03119-zGlobal and reflective rumination are related to suicide attempts among patients experiencing major depressive episodesHao Tang0Tingting Xiong1Jiabo Shi2Yu Chen3Xiaoxue Liu4Siqi Zhang5Huan Wang6Qing Lu7Zhijian Yao8Department of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversitySchool of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast UniversitySchool of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast UniversitySchool of Biological Sciences & Medical Engineering, Southeast UniversityDepartment of Psychiatry, Affiliated Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing Medical UniversityAbstract Background Recent attention has focused on the role of rumination in suicidality, with evidence indicating that rumination may be positively related to suicidal ideation. There remains disagreement on the nature of the relationship between rumination and suicide attempts, especially in major affective disorders. This study was designed to identify whether rumination is a risk factor for attempted suicide. Methods A total of 309 patients with major depressive episodes were recruited for this study, including 170 patients with major depression and 139 patients with bipolar disorder. All participants were categorized into two groups based on a series of clinical assessments: suicide attempters (n = 87) and non-suicide attempters (n = 222). Rumination was evaluated with the Ruminative Responses Scale. A binary logistic regression analysis was carried out to evaluate the relationship between rumination and suicide attempts. Results Both global ruminative levels and the two subtypes of rumination, brooding and reflection, were significantly higher in the suicide attempters than the non-suicide attempters. After controlling for age, current depression and anxiety symptoms, and episode frequency, it was found that global rumination and reflection (but not brooding) were positively associated with suicide attempts. Conclusion These results suggest that rumination may be a risk factor for suicide attempts and highlight the maladaptive nature of reflection in patients with major depressive episodes.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03119-zMajor depressive disorderBipolar disorderRuminationSuicide attemptRisk factor |
| spellingShingle | Hao Tang Tingting Xiong Jiabo Shi Yu Chen Xiaoxue Liu Siqi Zhang Huan Wang Qing Lu Zhijian Yao Global and reflective rumination are related to suicide attempts among patients experiencing major depressive episodes BMC Psychiatry Major depressive disorder Bipolar disorder Rumination Suicide attempt Risk factor |
| title | Global and reflective rumination are related to suicide attempts among patients experiencing major depressive episodes |
| title_full | Global and reflective rumination are related to suicide attempts among patients experiencing major depressive episodes |
| title_fullStr | Global and reflective rumination are related to suicide attempts among patients experiencing major depressive episodes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Global and reflective rumination are related to suicide attempts among patients experiencing major depressive episodes |
| title_short | Global and reflective rumination are related to suicide attempts among patients experiencing major depressive episodes |
| title_sort | global and reflective rumination are related to suicide attempts among patients experiencing major depressive episodes |
| topic | Major depressive disorder Bipolar disorder Rumination Suicide attempt Risk factor |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-021-03119-z |
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