Impact of Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles and Ampicillin on Adenosine Triphosphate and Lactate Metabolism in the Cyanobacterium <i>Fremyella diplosiphon</i>
In cyanobacteria, the interplay of ATP and lactate dynamics underpins cellular energetics; their pronounced shifts in response to zero-valent iron (nZVI) nanoparticles and ampicillin highlight the nuanced metabolic adaptations to environmental challenges. In this study, we investigated the impact of...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/3/612 |
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| author | Yavuz S. Yalcin Busra N. Aydin Viji Sitther |
| author_facet | Yavuz S. Yalcin Busra N. Aydin Viji Sitther |
| author_sort | Yavuz S. Yalcin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In cyanobacteria, the interplay of ATP and lactate dynamics underpins cellular energetics; their pronounced shifts in response to zero-valent iron (nZVI) nanoparticles and ampicillin highlight the nuanced metabolic adaptations to environmental challenges. In this study, we investigated the impact of nZVIs and ampicillin on <i>Fremyella diplosiphon</i> cellular energetics as determined by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, intracellular and extracellular lactate levels, and their impact on cell morphology as visualized by transmission electron microscopy. While a significant increase in ATP concentration was observed in 0.8 mg/L ampicillin-treated cells compared to the untreated control, a significant decline was noted in cells treated with 3.2 mg/L nZVIs. ATP levels in the combination regimen of 0.8 mg/L ampicillin and 3.2 mg/L nZVIs were significantly elevated (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to the 3.2 mg/L nZVI treatment. Intracellular and extracellular lactate levels were significantly higher in 0.8 mg/L ampicillin, 3.2 mg/L nZVIs, and the combination regimen compared to the untreated control; however, extracellular lactate levels were the highest in cells treated with 3.2 mg/L nZVIs. Visualization of morphological changes indicated increased thylakoid membrane stacks and inter-thylakoidal distances in 3.2 mg/L nZVI-treated cells. Our findings demonstrate a complex interplay of nanoparticle and antibiotic-induced responses, highlighting the differential impact of these stressors on <i>F. diplosiphon</i> metabolism and cellular integrity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:58:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e31c24cfe884b15b569fb2ccbfedc9e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T17:58:58Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e31c24cfe884b15b569fb2ccbfedc9e2024-03-27T13:56:00ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072024-03-0112361210.3390/microorganisms12030612Impact of Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles and Ampicillin on Adenosine Triphosphate and Lactate Metabolism in the Cyanobacterium <i>Fremyella diplosiphon</i>Yavuz S. Yalcin0Busra N. Aydin1Viji Sitther2Department of Biology, Morgan State University, 1700 E. Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21251, USADepartment of Biology, Morgan State University, 1700 E. Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21251, USADepartment of Biology, Morgan State University, 1700 E. Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21251, USAIn cyanobacteria, the interplay of ATP and lactate dynamics underpins cellular energetics; their pronounced shifts in response to zero-valent iron (nZVI) nanoparticles and ampicillin highlight the nuanced metabolic adaptations to environmental challenges. In this study, we investigated the impact of nZVIs and ampicillin on <i>Fremyella diplosiphon</i> cellular energetics as determined by adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content, intracellular and extracellular lactate levels, and their impact on cell morphology as visualized by transmission electron microscopy. While a significant increase in ATP concentration was observed in 0.8 mg/L ampicillin-treated cells compared to the untreated control, a significant decline was noted in cells treated with 3.2 mg/L nZVIs. ATP levels in the combination regimen of 0.8 mg/L ampicillin and 3.2 mg/L nZVIs were significantly elevated (<i>p</i> < 0.05) compared to the 3.2 mg/L nZVI treatment. Intracellular and extracellular lactate levels were significantly higher in 0.8 mg/L ampicillin, 3.2 mg/L nZVIs, and the combination regimen compared to the untreated control; however, extracellular lactate levels were the highest in cells treated with 3.2 mg/L nZVIs. Visualization of morphological changes indicated increased thylakoid membrane stacks and inter-thylakoidal distances in 3.2 mg/L nZVI-treated cells. Our findings demonstrate a complex interplay of nanoparticle and antibiotic-induced responses, highlighting the differential impact of these stressors on <i>F. diplosiphon</i> metabolism and cellular integrity.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/3/612antibioticATPinter-thylakoid distancelactatenZVIs |
| spellingShingle | Yavuz S. Yalcin Busra N. Aydin Viji Sitther Impact of Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles and Ampicillin on Adenosine Triphosphate and Lactate Metabolism in the Cyanobacterium <i>Fremyella diplosiphon</i> Microorganisms antibiotic ATP inter-thylakoid distance lactate nZVIs |
| title | Impact of Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles and Ampicillin on Adenosine Triphosphate and Lactate Metabolism in the Cyanobacterium <i>Fremyella diplosiphon</i> |
| title_full | Impact of Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles and Ampicillin on Adenosine Triphosphate and Lactate Metabolism in the Cyanobacterium <i>Fremyella diplosiphon</i> |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles and Ampicillin on Adenosine Triphosphate and Lactate Metabolism in the Cyanobacterium <i>Fremyella diplosiphon</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles and Ampicillin on Adenosine Triphosphate and Lactate Metabolism in the Cyanobacterium <i>Fremyella diplosiphon</i> |
| title_short | Impact of Zero-Valent Iron Nanoparticles and Ampicillin on Adenosine Triphosphate and Lactate Metabolism in the Cyanobacterium <i>Fremyella diplosiphon</i> |
| title_sort | impact of zero valent iron nanoparticles and ampicillin on adenosine triphosphate and lactate metabolism in the cyanobacterium i fremyella diplosiphon i |
| topic | antibiotic ATP inter-thylakoid distance lactate nZVIs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/12/3/612 |
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