Co-Fermentation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> with Oleaginous Yeast in Starch Processing Effluent as a Carbon-Reducing Strategy for Wastewater Treatment and Biofuel Feedstock Production
Low biomass yield and nutrient removal efficiency are problems challenging the employment of microorganisms for wastewater remediation. Starch processing effluent (SPE) was used as a fermentation substrate to co-culture <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Rhodotorula glutinis</i>...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Fermentation |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/9/5/476 |
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| author | Qian Lu Chunyang Ma Lei Guo Yujie Lu Huankai Li |
| author_facet | Qian Lu Chunyang Ma Lei Guo Yujie Lu Huankai Li |
| author_sort | Qian Lu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Low biomass yield and nutrient removal efficiency are problems challenging the employment of microorganisms for wastewater remediation. Starch processing effluent (SPE) was used as a fermentation substrate to co-culture <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Rhodotorula glutinis</i> for biofuel feedstock production. Co-culture options were compared, and the optimal conditions were identified. The result shows that microalgae and yeast should be inoculated simultaneously at the beginning of SPE-based fermentation to achieve high biomass yield and the optimal inoculation ratio, light intensity, and temperature should be 2:1, 150 μmol/m<sup>2</sup>/s, and 25 °C, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the lipid yield of microorganisms was 1.81 g/L and the carbon–conversion ratio reached 82.53% while lipid yield and the carbon–conversion ratio in a monoculture fell in the range of 0.79–0.81 g/L and 55.93–62.61%, respectively. Therefore, compared to the monoculture model, the co-fermentation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Rhodotorula glutinis</i> in starch processing effluent could convert nutrients to single-cell oil in a more efficient way. It should be noted that with the reduced concentration of residual organic carbon in effluent and the increased carbon–conversion ratio, co-fermentation of microalgae and yeast can be regarded as a promising and applicable strategy for starch processing effluent remediation and low-cost biofuel feedstock production. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:44:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e3b1e0050d64db1887d8d1c78c32421 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2311-5637 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T03:44:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Fermentation |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e3b1e0050d64db1887d8d1c78c324212023-11-18T01:18:23ZengMDPI AGFermentation2311-56372023-05-019547610.3390/fermentation9050476Co-Fermentation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> with Oleaginous Yeast in Starch Processing Effluent as a Carbon-Reducing Strategy for Wastewater Treatment and Biofuel Feedstock ProductionQian Lu0Chunyang Ma1Lei Guo2Yujie Lu3Huankai Li4School of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, ChinaNUS Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, Create Tower #15-02, Singapore 138602, SingaporeDepartment of Electronic Science, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, ChinaSchool of Grain Science and Technology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, ChinaSchool of Environmental Science and Engineering, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, ChinaLow biomass yield and nutrient removal efficiency are problems challenging the employment of microorganisms for wastewater remediation. Starch processing effluent (SPE) was used as a fermentation substrate to co-culture <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Rhodotorula glutinis</i> for biofuel feedstock production. Co-culture options were compared, and the optimal conditions were identified. The result shows that microalgae and yeast should be inoculated simultaneously at the beginning of SPE-based fermentation to achieve high biomass yield and the optimal inoculation ratio, light intensity, and temperature should be 2:1, 150 μmol/m<sup>2</sup>/s, and 25 °C, respectively. Under the optimal conditions, the lipid yield of microorganisms was 1.81 g/L and the carbon–conversion ratio reached 82.53% while lipid yield and the carbon–conversion ratio in a monoculture fell in the range of 0.79–0.81 g/L and 55.93–62.61%, respectively. Therefore, compared to the monoculture model, the co-fermentation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> and <i>Rhodotorula glutinis</i> in starch processing effluent could convert nutrients to single-cell oil in a more efficient way. It should be noted that with the reduced concentration of residual organic carbon in effluent and the increased carbon–conversion ratio, co-fermentation of microalgae and yeast can be regarded as a promising and applicable strategy for starch processing effluent remediation and low-cost biofuel feedstock production.https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/9/5/476microalgaeyeastfermentationlipid productionwastewater |
| spellingShingle | Qian Lu Chunyang Ma Lei Guo Yujie Lu Huankai Li Co-Fermentation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> with Oleaginous Yeast in Starch Processing Effluent as a Carbon-Reducing Strategy for Wastewater Treatment and Biofuel Feedstock Production Fermentation microalgae yeast fermentation lipid production wastewater |
| title | Co-Fermentation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> with Oleaginous Yeast in Starch Processing Effluent as a Carbon-Reducing Strategy for Wastewater Treatment and Biofuel Feedstock Production |
| title_full | Co-Fermentation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> with Oleaginous Yeast in Starch Processing Effluent as a Carbon-Reducing Strategy for Wastewater Treatment and Biofuel Feedstock Production |
| title_fullStr | Co-Fermentation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> with Oleaginous Yeast in Starch Processing Effluent as a Carbon-Reducing Strategy for Wastewater Treatment and Biofuel Feedstock Production |
| title_full_unstemmed | Co-Fermentation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> with Oleaginous Yeast in Starch Processing Effluent as a Carbon-Reducing Strategy for Wastewater Treatment and Biofuel Feedstock Production |
| title_short | Co-Fermentation of <i>Chlorella vulgaris</i> with Oleaginous Yeast in Starch Processing Effluent as a Carbon-Reducing Strategy for Wastewater Treatment and Biofuel Feedstock Production |
| title_sort | co fermentation of i chlorella vulgaris i with oleaginous yeast in starch processing effluent as a carbon reducing strategy for wastewater treatment and biofuel feedstock production |
| topic | microalgae yeast fermentation lipid production wastewater |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2311-5637/9/5/476 |
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