The prevalence of <it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> infection in Australia: a systematic review and meta-analysis
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> is a common sexually transmitted infection in Australia. This report aims to measure the burden of chlamydia infection by systematically reviewing reports on prevalence in Australian populat...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2012-05-01
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| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/12/113 |
| _version_ | 1828938908304408576 |
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| author | Lewis Dyani Newton Danielle C Guy Rebecca J Ali Hammad Chen Marcus Y Fairley Christopher K Hocking Jane S |
| author_facet | Lewis Dyani Newton Danielle C Guy Rebecca J Ali Hammad Chen Marcus Y Fairley Christopher K Hocking Jane S |
| author_sort | Lewis Dyani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> is a common sexually transmitted infection in Australia. This report aims to measure the burden of chlamydia infection by systematically reviewing reports on prevalence in Australian populations.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Electronic databases and conference websites were searched from 1997–2011 using the terms ‘<it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it>’ OR ‘chlamydia’ AND ‘prevalence’ OR ‘epidemiology’ AND ‘Australia’. Reference lists were checked and researchers contacted for additional literature. Studies were categorised by setting and participants, and meta-analysis conducted to determine pooled prevalence estimates for each category.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Seventy-six studies met the inclusion criteria for the review. There was a high level of heterogeneity between studies; however, there was a trend towards higher chlamydia prevalence in younger populations, Indigenous Australians, and those attending sexual health centres. In community or general practice settings, pooled prevalence for women <25 years in studies conducted post-2005 was 5.0% (95% CI: 3.1, 6.9; five studies), and for men <30 years over the entire review period was 3.9% (95% CI: 2.7, 5.1; six studies). For young Australians aged <25 years attending sexual health, family planning or youth clinics, estimated prevalence was 6.2% (95% CI: 5.1, 7.4; 10 studies) for women and 10.2% (95% CI: 9.5, 10.9; five studies) for men. Other key findings include pooled prevalence estimates of 22.1% (95% CI: 19.0, 25.3; three studies) for Indigenous women <25 years, 14.6% (95% CI: 11.5, 17.8; three studies) for Indigenous men <25 years, and 5.6% (95% CI: 4.8, 6.3; 11 studies) for rectal infection in men who have sex with men. Several studies failed to report basic demographic details such as sex and age, and were therefore excluded from the analysis.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p><it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> infections are a significant health burden in Australia; however, accurate estimation of chlamydia prevalence in Australian sub-populations is limited by heterogeneity within surveyed populations, and variations in sampling methodologies and data reporting. There is a need for more large, population-based studies and prospective cohort studies to compliment mandatory notification data.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T02:51:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e3f362c85f042809203e8f7e5ed3e87 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T02:51:20Z |
| publishDate | 2012-05-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
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| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e3f362c85f042809203e8f7e5ed3e872022-12-21T23:19:45ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342012-05-0112111310.1186/1471-2334-12-113The prevalence of <it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> infection in Australia: a systematic review and meta-analysisLewis DyaniNewton Danielle CGuy Rebecca JAli HammadChen Marcus YFairley Christopher KHocking Jane S<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p><it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> is a common sexually transmitted infection in Australia. This report aims to measure the burden of chlamydia infection by systematically reviewing reports on prevalence in Australian populations.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Electronic databases and conference websites were searched from 1997–2011 using the terms ‘<it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it>’ OR ‘chlamydia’ AND ‘prevalence’ OR ‘epidemiology’ AND ‘Australia’. Reference lists were checked and researchers contacted for additional literature. Studies were categorised by setting and participants, and meta-analysis conducted to determine pooled prevalence estimates for each category.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Seventy-six studies met the inclusion criteria for the review. There was a high level of heterogeneity between studies; however, there was a trend towards higher chlamydia prevalence in younger populations, Indigenous Australians, and those attending sexual health centres. In community or general practice settings, pooled prevalence for women <25 years in studies conducted post-2005 was 5.0% (95% CI: 3.1, 6.9; five studies), and for men <30 years over the entire review period was 3.9% (95% CI: 2.7, 5.1; six studies). For young Australians aged <25 years attending sexual health, family planning or youth clinics, estimated prevalence was 6.2% (95% CI: 5.1, 7.4; 10 studies) for women and 10.2% (95% CI: 9.5, 10.9; five studies) for men. Other key findings include pooled prevalence estimates of 22.1% (95% CI: 19.0, 25.3; three studies) for Indigenous women <25 years, 14.6% (95% CI: 11.5, 17.8; three studies) for Indigenous men <25 years, and 5.6% (95% CI: 4.8, 6.3; 11 studies) for rectal infection in men who have sex with men. Several studies failed to report basic demographic details such as sex and age, and were therefore excluded from the analysis.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p><it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> infections are a significant health burden in Australia; however, accurate estimation of chlamydia prevalence in Australian sub-populations is limited by heterogeneity within surveyed populations, and variations in sampling methodologies and data reporting. There is a need for more large, population-based studies and prospective cohort studies to compliment mandatory notification data.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/12/113ChlamydiaMeta-analysisPrevalenceSystematic review |
| spellingShingle | Lewis Dyani Newton Danielle C Guy Rebecca J Ali Hammad Chen Marcus Y Fairley Christopher K Hocking Jane S The prevalence of <it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> infection in Australia: a systematic review and meta-analysis BMC Infectious Diseases Chlamydia Meta-analysis Prevalence Systematic review |
| title | The prevalence of <it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> infection in Australia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full | The prevalence of <it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> infection in Australia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_fullStr | The prevalence of <it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> infection in Australia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The prevalence of <it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> infection in Australia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_short | The prevalence of <it>Chlamydia trachomatis</it> infection in Australia: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
| title_sort | prevalence of it chlamydia trachomatis it infection in australia a systematic review and meta analysis |
| topic | Chlamydia Meta-analysis Prevalence Systematic review |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/12/113 |
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