Removal of hydrocarbons from heterogenous soil using electrokinetics and surfactants
Removal of hydrocarbons from sediments could be achieved using various techniques such as hydraulic flushing aided by surfactants, which works well for sand and gravel but not as effective for finer textured media, such as clay. Electrokinetics (EK) emerged as an effective method to remediate fine-g...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Environmental Challenges |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010021000500 |
| _version_ | 1819137111285039104 |
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| author | Meghana Parameswarappa Jayalakshmamma Wen Ji Charbel Abou Khalil Taha F. Marhaba Stewart Abrams Kenneth Lee Helen Zhang Michel Boufadel |
| author_facet | Meghana Parameswarappa Jayalakshmamma Wen Ji Charbel Abou Khalil Taha F. Marhaba Stewart Abrams Kenneth Lee Helen Zhang Michel Boufadel |
| author_sort | Meghana Parameswarappa Jayalakshmamma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Removal of hydrocarbons from sediments could be achieved using various techniques such as hydraulic flushing aided by surfactants, which works well for sand and gravel but not as effective for finer textured media, such as clay. Electrokinetics (EK) emerged as an effective method to remediate fine-grained soils, especially when combined with the application of surfactants. Here, we analyzed the removal efficiency of EK and a nonionic surfactant (Tween 80) when applied through a fine soil (80% clay) contaminated with n-hexadecane. The study compared the EK results with hydraulic flushing under the same surfactant concentration. After 18 days of treatment, EK removed 80%, which was significantly more efficient than hydraulic flushing which removed 52%. The investigation revealed that EK causes the surfactant to tackle the clayey soil from various directions due to the whole aquifer's electrification. This would be an advantage in field studies as it precludes the need to place numerous electrodes into the soil, as done in hydraulic flushing where multiple wells are placed to direct the surfactant's movement. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T10:45:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e40c5f36286459eafea5e6761a5b0bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2667-0100 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T10:45:41Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Challenges |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e40c5f36286459eafea5e6761a5b0bc2022-12-21T18:28:56ZengElsevierEnvironmental Challenges2667-01002021-08-014100071Removal of hydrocarbons from heterogenous soil using electrokinetics and surfactantsMeghana Parameswarappa Jayalakshmamma0Wen Ji1Charbel Abou Khalil2Taha F. Marhaba3Stewart Abrams4Kenneth Lee5Helen Zhang6Michel Boufadel7Center for Natural Resources, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 MLK Blvd., Newark, NJ 07102, USACenter for Natural Resources, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 MLK Blvd., Newark, NJ 07102, USACenter for Natural Resources, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 MLK Blvd., Newark, NJ 07102, USACenter for Natural Resources, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 MLK Blvd., Newark, NJ 07102, USALangan Engineering and Environmental Services, Inc., Parsippany, NJ 07054, USACentre for Offshore Oil and Gas Environmental Research, Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Government of Canada, Dartmouth, NS B2Y 4A2, CanadaDepartment of Civil Engineering, Memorial University, St. John's, NL A1B35, CanadaCenter for Natural Resources, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 MLK Blvd., Newark, NJ 07102, USA; Corresponding author.Removal of hydrocarbons from sediments could be achieved using various techniques such as hydraulic flushing aided by surfactants, which works well for sand and gravel but not as effective for finer textured media, such as clay. Electrokinetics (EK) emerged as an effective method to remediate fine-grained soils, especially when combined with the application of surfactants. Here, we analyzed the removal efficiency of EK and a nonionic surfactant (Tween 80) when applied through a fine soil (80% clay) contaminated with n-hexadecane. The study compared the EK results with hydraulic flushing under the same surfactant concentration. After 18 days of treatment, EK removed 80%, which was significantly more efficient than hydraulic flushing which removed 52%. The investigation revealed that EK causes the surfactant to tackle the clayey soil from various directions due to the whole aquifer's electrification. This would be an advantage in field studies as it precludes the need to place numerous electrodes into the soil, as done in hydraulic flushing where multiple wells are placed to direct the surfactant's movement.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010021000500ElectrokineticsSoil remediationClayey soilTween 80Hydrocarbons |
| spellingShingle | Meghana Parameswarappa Jayalakshmamma Wen Ji Charbel Abou Khalil Taha F. Marhaba Stewart Abrams Kenneth Lee Helen Zhang Michel Boufadel Removal of hydrocarbons from heterogenous soil using electrokinetics and surfactants Environmental Challenges Electrokinetics Soil remediation Clayey soil Tween 80 Hydrocarbons |
| title | Removal of hydrocarbons from heterogenous soil using electrokinetics and surfactants |
| title_full | Removal of hydrocarbons from heterogenous soil using electrokinetics and surfactants |
| title_fullStr | Removal of hydrocarbons from heterogenous soil using electrokinetics and surfactants |
| title_full_unstemmed | Removal of hydrocarbons from heterogenous soil using electrokinetics and surfactants |
| title_short | Removal of hydrocarbons from heterogenous soil using electrokinetics and surfactants |
| title_sort | removal of hydrocarbons from heterogenous soil using electrokinetics and surfactants |
| topic | Electrokinetics Soil remediation Clayey soil Tween 80 Hydrocarbons |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667010021000500 |
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