An MILP Method for Design of Distributed Energy Resource System Considering Stochastic Energy Supply and Demand
A distributed energy resource (DER) system, which can be defined as a medium or small energy conversion and utilization system with various functions for meeting multiple targets, is directly oriented towards users and achieves on-site production and energy supply according to users’ demands. Optimi...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2017-12-01
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| Series: | Energies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/1/22 |
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| author | Zhigang Duan Yamin Yan Xiaohan Yan Qi Liao Wan Zhang Yongtu Liang Tianqi Xia |
| author_facet | Zhigang Duan Yamin Yan Xiaohan Yan Qi Liao Wan Zhang Yongtu Liang Tianqi Xia |
| author_sort | Zhigang Duan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A distributed energy resource (DER) system, which can be defined as a medium or small energy conversion and utilization system with various functions for meeting multiple targets, is directly oriented towards users and achieves on-site production and energy supply according to users’ demands. Optimization research on system construction has recently become an important issue. In this paper, simple stochastic mathematical equations were used to interpret the optimal design problem of a DER system, and based on this, a novel method for solving the optimization problem, which has multi-dimensional stochastic uncertainties (involving the price of input-energy and energy supply and demand), was put forward. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model was established for the optimal design of the DER system by combining the ideas of mean value and variance, aiming to minimize the total costs, including facility costs, energy purchase costs, and loss caused by energy supply shortage, and considering the energy balance and facility performance constraints. In the end, a DER system design for an office building district in Xuzhou, China, was taken as an example to verify the model. The influences of uncertainty on the selection of system facilities and the economic evaluation were analyzed. The result indicated that uncertainty of energy demand played a significant role in optimal design, whereas energy price played a negligible role. With respect to economy, if uncertainties are not considered in system design, it will result in a short supply, and therefore the total cost will increase considerably. The calculation convergence was compared with previous work. The implementation results showed the practicality and efficiency of the proposed method. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:38:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e4324f856ac49fba61156254e157287 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1073 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T21:38:12Z |
| publishDate | 2017-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Energies |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e4324f856ac49fba61156254e1572872022-12-22T04:01:40ZengMDPI AGEnergies1996-10732017-12-011112210.3390/en11010022en11010022An MILP Method for Design of Distributed Energy Resource System Considering Stochastic Energy Supply and DemandZhigang Duan0Yamin Yan1Xiaohan Yan2Qi Liao3Wan Zhang4Yongtu Liang5Tianqi Xia6Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban oil and Gas Distribution Technology, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Fuxue Road No. 18, Changping District, Beijing 102249, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Urban oil and Gas Distribution Technology, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Fuxue Road No. 18, Changping District, Beijing 102249, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Urban oil and Gas Distribution Technology, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Fuxue Road No. 18, Changping District, Beijing 102249, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Urban oil and Gas Distribution Technology, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Fuxue Road No. 18, Changping District, Beijing 102249, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Urban oil and Gas Distribution Technology, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Fuxue Road No. 18, Changping District, Beijing 102249, ChinaBeijing Key Laboratory of Urban oil and Gas Distribution Technology, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Fuxue Road No. 18, Changping District, Beijing 102249, ChinaCenter for Spatial Information Science, University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa-shi 277-8568, Chiba, JapanA distributed energy resource (DER) system, which can be defined as a medium or small energy conversion and utilization system with various functions for meeting multiple targets, is directly oriented towards users and achieves on-site production and energy supply according to users’ demands. Optimization research on system construction has recently become an important issue. In this paper, simple stochastic mathematical equations were used to interpret the optimal design problem of a DER system, and based on this, a novel method for solving the optimization problem, which has multi-dimensional stochastic uncertainties (involving the price of input-energy and energy supply and demand), was put forward. A mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model was established for the optimal design of the DER system by combining the ideas of mean value and variance, aiming to minimize the total costs, including facility costs, energy purchase costs, and loss caused by energy supply shortage, and considering the energy balance and facility performance constraints. In the end, a DER system design for an office building district in Xuzhou, China, was taken as an example to verify the model. The influences of uncertainty on the selection of system facilities and the economic evaluation were analyzed. The result indicated that uncertainty of energy demand played a significant role in optimal design, whereas energy price played a negligible role. With respect to economy, if uncertainties are not considered in system design, it will result in a short supply, and therefore the total cost will increase considerably. The calculation convergence was compared with previous work. The implementation results showed the practicality and efficiency of the proposed method.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/1/22distributed energy resource systemenergy supply and demandstochasticMILP |
| spellingShingle | Zhigang Duan Yamin Yan Xiaohan Yan Qi Liao Wan Zhang Yongtu Liang Tianqi Xia An MILP Method for Design of Distributed Energy Resource System Considering Stochastic Energy Supply and Demand Energies distributed energy resource system energy supply and demand stochastic MILP |
| title | An MILP Method for Design of Distributed Energy Resource System Considering Stochastic Energy Supply and Demand |
| title_full | An MILP Method for Design of Distributed Energy Resource System Considering Stochastic Energy Supply and Demand |
| title_fullStr | An MILP Method for Design of Distributed Energy Resource System Considering Stochastic Energy Supply and Demand |
| title_full_unstemmed | An MILP Method for Design of Distributed Energy Resource System Considering Stochastic Energy Supply and Demand |
| title_short | An MILP Method for Design of Distributed Energy Resource System Considering Stochastic Energy Supply and Demand |
| title_sort | milp method for design of distributed energy resource system considering stochastic energy supply and demand |
| topic | distributed energy resource system energy supply and demand stochastic MILP |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/11/1/22 |
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