The Role of the Oral Immune System in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis-Facilitated Invasion and Dissemination of Staphylococcus aureus
Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus account for most invasive fungal and bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs), respectively. However, the initial point of invasion responsible for S. aureus BSIs is often unclear. Recently, C. albicans has been proposed to mediate S. aureus invasion of immu...
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Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-04-01
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Series: | Frontiers in Oral Health |
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Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/froh.2022.851786/full |
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author | Raymond Pasman Bastiaan P. Krom Sebastian A. J. Zaat Stanley Brul |
author_facet | Raymond Pasman Bastiaan P. Krom Sebastian A. J. Zaat Stanley Brul |
author_sort | Raymond Pasman |
collection | DOAJ |
description | Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus account for most invasive fungal and bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs), respectively. However, the initial point of invasion responsible for S. aureus BSIs is often unclear. Recently, C. albicans has been proposed to mediate S. aureus invasion of immunocompromised hosts during co-colonization of oral mucosal surfaces. The status of the oral immune system crucially contributes to this process in two distinct ways: firstly, by allowing invasive C. albicans growth during dysfunction of extra-epithelial immunity, and secondly following invasion by some remaining function of intra-epithelial immunity. Immunocompromised individuals at risk of developing invasive oral C. albicans infections could, therefore, also be at risk of contracting concordant S. aureus BSIs. Considering the crucial contribution of both oral immune function and dysfunction, the aim of this review is to provide an overview of relevant aspects of intra and extra-epithelial oral immunity and discuss predominant immune deficiencies expected to facilitate C. albicans induced S. aureus BSIs. |
first_indexed | 2024-12-21T01:11:51Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-0e56598230ff4a649883e11ffefee8de |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2673-4842 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-12-21T01:11:51Z |
publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | Article |
series | Frontiers in Oral Health |
spelling | doaj.art-0e56598230ff4a649883e11ffefee8de2022-12-21T19:20:54ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Oral Health2673-48422022-04-01310.3389/froh.2022.851786851786The Role of the Oral Immune System in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis-Facilitated Invasion and Dissemination of Staphylococcus aureusRaymond Pasman0Bastiaan P. Krom1Sebastian A. J. Zaat2Stanley Brul3Department of Molecular Biology and Microbial Food Safety, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Preventive Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, NetherlandsDepartment of Molecular Biology and Microbial Food Safety, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, NetherlandsCandida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus account for most invasive fungal and bacterial bloodstream infections (BSIs), respectively. However, the initial point of invasion responsible for S. aureus BSIs is often unclear. Recently, C. albicans has been proposed to mediate S. aureus invasion of immunocompromised hosts during co-colonization of oral mucosal surfaces. The status of the oral immune system crucially contributes to this process in two distinct ways: firstly, by allowing invasive C. albicans growth during dysfunction of extra-epithelial immunity, and secondly following invasion by some remaining function of intra-epithelial immunity. Immunocompromised individuals at risk of developing invasive oral C. albicans infections could, therefore, also be at risk of contracting concordant S. aureus BSIs. Considering the crucial contribution of both oral immune function and dysfunction, the aim of this review is to provide an overview of relevant aspects of intra and extra-epithelial oral immunity and discuss predominant immune deficiencies expected to facilitate C. albicans induced S. aureus BSIs.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/froh.2022.851786/fullbloodstream infection (BSI)Candida albicansStaphylococcus aureusoralimmunocompromised |
spellingShingle | Raymond Pasman Bastiaan P. Krom Sebastian A. J. Zaat Stanley Brul The Role of the Oral Immune System in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis-Facilitated Invasion and Dissemination of Staphylococcus aureus Frontiers in Oral Health bloodstream infection (BSI) Candida albicans Staphylococcus aureus oral immunocompromised |
title | The Role of the Oral Immune System in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis-Facilitated Invasion and Dissemination of Staphylococcus aureus |
title_full | The Role of the Oral Immune System in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis-Facilitated Invasion and Dissemination of Staphylococcus aureus |
title_fullStr | The Role of the Oral Immune System in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis-Facilitated Invasion and Dissemination of Staphylococcus aureus |
title_full_unstemmed | The Role of the Oral Immune System in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis-Facilitated Invasion and Dissemination of Staphylococcus aureus |
title_short | The Role of the Oral Immune System in Oropharyngeal Candidiasis-Facilitated Invasion and Dissemination of Staphylococcus aureus |
title_sort | role of the oral immune system in oropharyngeal candidiasis facilitated invasion and dissemination of staphylococcus aureus |
topic | bloodstream infection (BSI) Candida albicans Staphylococcus aureus oral immunocompromised |
url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/froh.2022.851786/full |
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