Access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative study
Background Inappropriate use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals is a key driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In addition, human behaviours such as poor disposal of antimicrobials in the environment can increase their exposure to microbes which can impact on humans and animals. Howeve...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40545-021-00361-4 |
| _version_ | 1797401257351053312 |
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| author | David Musoke Carol Namata Grace Biyinzika Lubega Freddy Eric Kitutu Lawrence Mugisha Saba Amir Claire Brandish Joviah Gonza Deborah Ikhile Filimin Niyongabo Bee Yean Ng Jean O’Driscoll Kate Russell-Hobbs Jody Winter Linda Gibson |
| author_facet | David Musoke Carol Namata Grace Biyinzika Lubega Freddy Eric Kitutu Lawrence Mugisha Saba Amir Claire Brandish Joviah Gonza Deborah Ikhile Filimin Niyongabo Bee Yean Ng Jean O’Driscoll Kate Russell-Hobbs Jody Winter Linda Gibson |
| author_sort | David Musoke |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Inappropriate use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals is a key driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In addition, human behaviours such as poor disposal of antimicrobials in the environment can increase their exposure to microbes which can impact on humans and animals. However, evidence on access, use and disposal of antimicrobials for humans and animals at community level in Uganda is limited. This study therefore explored access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda. Methods A qualitative study was conducted that involved focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs). Participants of the FGDs were community health workers (CHWs) and farmers involved in animal husbandry, while key informants included: officials from the Ministry of Health; Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries; human and animal health professionals; district health officials; and members of the national AMR surveillance committee. Twelve FGDs were held (8 for CHWs and 4 for farmers) while 15 KIIs were conducted. Thematic analysis in NVivo (version 12) was performed. Results Five main themes emerged from the study: access to antimicrobials in humans; access to antimicrobials in animals; use of antimicrobials in humans; use of antimicrobials in animals; and disposal of antimicrobials. Community members mainly accessed antimicrobials for humans from public health facilities such as government health centres, as well as private facilities, including drug shops and clinics. Antimicrobials for animals were obtained from veterinary practitioners and drug shops (both for humans and veterinary). Examples of inappropriate use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals was evident, such as sharing antibiotics among household members, and giving human-prescribed antimicrobials to food-producing animals as growth promoters. While some CHWs returned unused antimicrobials to public health facilities for proper disposal, community members mainly disposed of antimicrobials with general household waste including dumping in rubbish pits. Conclusions There is a need to increase awareness among the population on proper access, use and disposal of antimicrobials for both humans and animals. Development of a drug disposal system at community level would facilitate improved waste management of antimicrobials. Together, these measures would help prevent the rate of progression of AMR in communities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T02:07:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e5e6e96f8e247b7a75f2ffcc78eb821 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2052-3211 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T02:07:18Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e5e6e96f8e247b7a75f2ffcc78eb8212023-12-07T15:28:04ZengTaylor & Francis GroupJournal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice2052-32112021-12-0114110.1186/s40545-021-00361-412315269Access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative studyDavid Musoke0Carol Namata1Grace Biyinzika Lubega2Freddy Eric Kitutu3Lawrence Mugisha4Saba Amir5Claire Brandish6Joviah Gonza7Deborah Ikhile8Filimin Niyongabo9Bee Yean Ng10Jean O’Driscoll11Kate Russell-Hobbs12Jody Winter13Linda Gibson14Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences,Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences,Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences,Sustainable Pharmaceutical Systems (SPS) Unit, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences,College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (COVAB),School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences,Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust,Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences,Institute of Health and Allied Professions, School of Social Sciences,Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences,Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust,Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust,Buckinghamshire Healthcare NHS Trust,Department of Biosciences, School of Science and Technology,Institute of Health and Allied Professions, School of Social Sciences,Background Inappropriate use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals is a key driver of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In addition, human behaviours such as poor disposal of antimicrobials in the environment can increase their exposure to microbes which can impact on humans and animals. However, evidence on access, use and disposal of antimicrobials for humans and animals at community level in Uganda is limited. This study therefore explored access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda. Methods A qualitative study was conducted that involved focus group discussions (FGDs) and key informant interviews (KIIs). Participants of the FGDs were community health workers (CHWs) and farmers involved in animal husbandry, while key informants included: officials from the Ministry of Health; Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries; human and animal health professionals; district health officials; and members of the national AMR surveillance committee. Twelve FGDs were held (8 for CHWs and 4 for farmers) while 15 KIIs were conducted. Thematic analysis in NVivo (version 12) was performed. Results Five main themes emerged from the study: access to antimicrobials in humans; access to antimicrobials in animals; use of antimicrobials in humans; use of antimicrobials in animals; and disposal of antimicrobials. Community members mainly accessed antimicrobials for humans from public health facilities such as government health centres, as well as private facilities, including drug shops and clinics. Antimicrobials for animals were obtained from veterinary practitioners and drug shops (both for humans and veterinary). Examples of inappropriate use of antimicrobials in both humans and animals was evident, such as sharing antibiotics among household members, and giving human-prescribed antimicrobials to food-producing animals as growth promoters. While some CHWs returned unused antimicrobials to public health facilities for proper disposal, community members mainly disposed of antimicrobials with general household waste including dumping in rubbish pits. Conclusions There is a need to increase awareness among the population on proper access, use and disposal of antimicrobials for both humans and animals. Development of a drug disposal system at community level would facilitate improved waste management of antimicrobials. Together, these measures would help prevent the rate of progression of AMR in communities.http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40545-021-00361-4antimicrobial resistanceantimicrobialsantimicrobial stewardshipcommunityhumansanimalsone healthwaste managementuganda |
| spellingShingle | David Musoke Carol Namata Grace Biyinzika Lubega Freddy Eric Kitutu Lawrence Mugisha Saba Amir Claire Brandish Joviah Gonza Deborah Ikhile Filimin Niyongabo Bee Yean Ng Jean O’Driscoll Kate Russell-Hobbs Jody Winter Linda Gibson Access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative study Journal of Pharmaceutical Policy and Practice antimicrobial resistance antimicrobials antimicrobial stewardship community humans animals one health waste management uganda |
| title | Access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative study |
| title_full | Access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative study |
| title_fullStr | Access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative study |
| title_short | Access, use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in Wakiso district, Uganda: a qualitative study |
| title_sort | access use and disposal of antimicrobials among humans and animals in wakiso district uganda a qualitative study |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance antimicrobials antimicrobial stewardship community humans animals one health waste management uganda |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40545-021-00361-4 |
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