Distribution of Candida infections in patients and evaluation of the synergic interactions of some drugs against emerging fluconazole- and caspofungin-resistant C. auris
Pathogenic multidrug-resistant Candida species are considered some of the most important health risks. This work aimed to evaluate and monitor the prevalence of the human pathogenic Candida strains isolated from patients in King Fahd Medical City (KFMD), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to evaluate the syn...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of King Saud University: Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364723000794 |
| _version_ | 1797844305807671296 |
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| author | Jamal M. Khaled Naiyf S. Alharbi Shine Kadaikunnan Ahmed S. Alobaidi Khaled Nauman Abdul-Kareem M.Ghilan Abeer O. Almazyed Mohammed S. Aldosary Saeed Al Rashedi Abdullah M Alfalih Mohamed A. Farrag Mohammed S. Alharbi |
| author_facet | Jamal M. Khaled Naiyf S. Alharbi Shine Kadaikunnan Ahmed S. Alobaidi Khaled Nauman Abdul-Kareem M.Ghilan Abeer O. Almazyed Mohammed S. Aldosary Saeed Al Rashedi Abdullah M Alfalih Mohamed A. Farrag Mohammed S. Alharbi |
| author_sort | Jamal M. Khaled |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Pathogenic multidrug-resistant Candida species are considered some of the most important health risks. This work aimed to evaluate and monitor the prevalence of the human pathogenic Candida strains isolated from patients in King Fahd Medical City (KFMD), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to evaluate the synergy of some antimicrobial agents against Candida species’ resistance to antifungal drugs. The retrospective analysis, identification using biochemical tests, minimal inhibitory concentrations using E-tests, determination of the fraction inhibitory concentration index value for synergic testing, and simulation of 100 experiments using Monte Carlo simulation methods were performed according to standard protocols. The findings showed that all age groups of males and females can be infected by Candida species; furthermore, human pathogenic Candida species can be isolated from several clinical samples and different human body sites. The minimal inhibitory concentration results showed that many multidrug-resistant Candida strains, such as C. albicans, emerged in 2020 compared to 2018. Candida albicans remains the most important pathogen among all Candia species, found in 51.7 % and 42.4 % of the isolates in 2018 and 2020, respectively. In 2018, many isolates of C albicans showed resistance to itraconazole, fluconazole, anidulafungin, amphotericin B, ketoconazole, voriconazole, caspofungin, and flucytosine. In 2018, all C. auris isolates (N = 94) were resistant to fluconazole, and more than 85 % (N = 76) of C. albicans isolates were resistant to itraconazole, while only 5.9 % (N = 2) were resistant in 2018. The study concluded that the resistance to antifungal drugs among pathogenic yeasts is increasing and constantly changing and that surveillance of these pathogens must continue. Also, the synergy between drugs remains an appropriate option for confronting this risk, especially between natural extracts and drugs. Despite the lack of evidence for any antifungal and antibacterial drug's ability to synergistically suppress the fluconazole- and caspofungin-resistant C. auris strains diagnosed in this study, the surveillance and synergic tactics continue to be viable options for dealing with these human pathogenic yeasts. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:20:10Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e604066d48a4317a6a2e34492c9d595 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1018-3647 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T17:20:10Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of King Saud University: Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e604066d48a4317a6a2e34492c9d5952023-04-19T04:21:53ZengElsevierJournal of King Saud University: Science1018-36472023-05-01354102617Distribution of Candida infections in patients and evaluation of the synergic interactions of some drugs against emerging fluconazole- and caspofungin-resistant C. aurisJamal M. Khaled0Naiyf S. Alharbi1Shine Kadaikunnan2Ahmed S. Alobaidi3Khaled Nauman4Abdul-Kareem M.Ghilan5Abeer O. Almazyed6Mohammed S. Aldosary7Saeed Al Rashedi8Abdullah M Alfalih9Mohamed A. Farrag10Mohammed S. Alharbi11Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Corresponding author.Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaMicrobiology Department, King Fahd Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaMicrobiology Department, King Fahd Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaMicrobiology Department, King Fahd Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaMicrobiology Department, King Khaled General Hospital, Hafer Albatin, Saudi ArabiaPathogenic multidrug-resistant Candida species are considered some of the most important health risks. This work aimed to evaluate and monitor the prevalence of the human pathogenic Candida strains isolated from patients in King Fahd Medical City (KFMD), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to evaluate the synergy of some antimicrobial agents against Candida species’ resistance to antifungal drugs. The retrospective analysis, identification using biochemical tests, minimal inhibitory concentrations using E-tests, determination of the fraction inhibitory concentration index value for synergic testing, and simulation of 100 experiments using Monte Carlo simulation methods were performed according to standard protocols. The findings showed that all age groups of males and females can be infected by Candida species; furthermore, human pathogenic Candida species can be isolated from several clinical samples and different human body sites. The minimal inhibitory concentration results showed that many multidrug-resistant Candida strains, such as C. albicans, emerged in 2020 compared to 2018. Candida albicans remains the most important pathogen among all Candia species, found in 51.7 % and 42.4 % of the isolates in 2018 and 2020, respectively. In 2018, many isolates of C albicans showed resistance to itraconazole, fluconazole, anidulafungin, amphotericin B, ketoconazole, voriconazole, caspofungin, and flucytosine. In 2018, all C. auris isolates (N = 94) were resistant to fluconazole, and more than 85 % (N = 76) of C. albicans isolates were resistant to itraconazole, while only 5.9 % (N = 2) were resistant in 2018. The study concluded that the resistance to antifungal drugs among pathogenic yeasts is increasing and constantly changing and that surveillance of these pathogens must continue. Also, the synergy between drugs remains an appropriate option for confronting this risk, especially between natural extracts and drugs. Despite the lack of evidence for any antifungal and antibacterial drug's ability to synergistically suppress the fluconazole- and caspofungin-resistant C. auris strains diagnosed in this study, the surveillance and synergic tactics continue to be viable options for dealing with these human pathogenic yeasts.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364723000794CandidaInfectionPathogensSynergyMICC. auris |
| spellingShingle | Jamal M. Khaled Naiyf S. Alharbi Shine Kadaikunnan Ahmed S. Alobaidi Khaled Nauman Abdul-Kareem M.Ghilan Abeer O. Almazyed Mohammed S. Aldosary Saeed Al Rashedi Abdullah M Alfalih Mohamed A. Farrag Mohammed S. Alharbi Distribution of Candida infections in patients and evaluation of the synergic interactions of some drugs against emerging fluconazole- and caspofungin-resistant C. auris Journal of King Saud University: Science Candida Infection Pathogens Synergy MIC C. auris |
| title | Distribution of Candida infections in patients and evaluation of the synergic interactions of some drugs against emerging fluconazole- and caspofungin-resistant C. auris |
| title_full | Distribution of Candida infections in patients and evaluation of the synergic interactions of some drugs against emerging fluconazole- and caspofungin-resistant C. auris |
| title_fullStr | Distribution of Candida infections in patients and evaluation of the synergic interactions of some drugs against emerging fluconazole- and caspofungin-resistant C. auris |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distribution of Candida infections in patients and evaluation of the synergic interactions of some drugs against emerging fluconazole- and caspofungin-resistant C. auris |
| title_short | Distribution of Candida infections in patients and evaluation of the synergic interactions of some drugs against emerging fluconazole- and caspofungin-resistant C. auris |
| title_sort | distribution of candida infections in patients and evaluation of the synergic interactions of some drugs against emerging fluconazole and caspofungin resistant c auris |
| topic | Candida Infection Pathogens Synergy MIC C. auris |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364723000794 |
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