Potential Defence Mechanisms Triggered by Monosodium Glutamate Sub-Chronic Consumption in Two-Year-Old Wistar Rats
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is the sodium salt of glutamic acid (GLA), used as a flavour enhancer. MSG is considered a controversial substance. It is incriminated in disturbing the antioxidant system, but also has beneficial effects, as GLA metabolism plays a crucial role in homeostasis. This study h...
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| author | Octavia-Laura Moldovan Camil-Eugen Vari Amelia Tero-Vescan Ovidiu Simion Cotoi Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz Flaviu Alexandru Tabaran Romelia Pop Ibolya Fülöp Rafael Florin Chis Ioana-Andreea Lungu Aura Rusu |
| author_facet | Octavia-Laura Moldovan Camil-Eugen Vari Amelia Tero-Vescan Ovidiu Simion Cotoi Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz Flaviu Alexandru Tabaran Romelia Pop Ibolya Fülöp Rafael Florin Chis Ioana-Andreea Lungu Aura Rusu |
| author_sort | Octavia-Laura Moldovan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is the sodium salt of glutamic acid (GLA), used as a flavour enhancer. MSG is considered a controversial substance. It is incriminated in disturbing the antioxidant system, but also has beneficial effects, as GLA metabolism plays a crucial role in homeostasis. This study highlights which positive or negative aspects of MSG sub-chronic consumption are better reflected in subjects potentially affected by advanced age. Daily doses of MSG were administered to four groups of two-year-old Wistar rats for 90 days: (I) 185 mg/kg bw, (II) 1500 mg/kg bw, (III) 3000 mg/kg bw and (IV) 6000 mg/kg bw, compared to a MSG non-consumer group. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, direct and total bilirubin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine and urea levels were analysed; stomach, liver and kidney samples were subjected to histopathological analysis. Although, in most cases, there were no statistical differences, interesting aspects of the dose–effect relationship were observed. After MSG sub-chronic consumption, the positive aspects of GLA seem to be reflected better than the negative ones. The hormesis effect, with low-level reactive oxygen species’ protective effects and GLA metabolism, may represent the hypothesis of a potential defence mechanism triggered by MSG sub-chronic consumption in ageing rats. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:59:17Z |
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| id | doaj.art-0e69357662794b5799dbf95cb7b9a491 |
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| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:59:17Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e69357662794b5799dbf95cb7b9a4912023-11-19T17:38:53ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-10-011520443610.3390/nu15204436Potential Defence Mechanisms Triggered by Monosodium Glutamate Sub-Chronic Consumption in Two-Year-Old Wistar RatsOctavia-Laura Moldovan0Camil-Eugen Vari1Amelia Tero-Vescan2Ovidiu Simion Cotoi3Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz4Flaviu Alexandru Tabaran5Romelia Pop6Ibolya Fülöp7Rafael Florin Chis8Ioana-Andreea Lungu9Aura Rusu10Medicine and Pharmacy Doctoral School, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaPharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaMedical Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine in English, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaPathophysiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaPathophysiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, RomaniaToxicology and Biopharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaFaculty of Medicine, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaMedicine and Pharmacy Doctoral School, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaPharmaceutical and Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Targu Mures, 540142 Targu Mures, RomaniaMonosodium glutamate (MSG) is the sodium salt of glutamic acid (GLA), used as a flavour enhancer. MSG is considered a controversial substance. It is incriminated in disturbing the antioxidant system, but also has beneficial effects, as GLA metabolism plays a crucial role in homeostasis. This study highlights which positive or negative aspects of MSG sub-chronic consumption are better reflected in subjects potentially affected by advanced age. Daily doses of MSG were administered to four groups of two-year-old Wistar rats for 90 days: (I) 185 mg/kg bw, (II) 1500 mg/kg bw, (III) 3000 mg/kg bw and (IV) 6000 mg/kg bw, compared to a MSG non-consumer group. Aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, direct and total bilirubin, total cholesterol, triglycerides, creatinine and urea levels were analysed; stomach, liver and kidney samples were subjected to histopathological analysis. Although, in most cases, there were no statistical differences, interesting aspects of the dose–effect relationship were observed. After MSG sub-chronic consumption, the positive aspects of GLA seem to be reflected better than the negative ones. The hormesis effect, with low-level reactive oxygen species’ protective effects and GLA metabolism, may represent the hypothesis of a potential defence mechanism triggered by MSG sub-chronic consumption in ageing rats.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4436glutamic acidmonosodium glutamatesub-chronic toxicityoxidative stressmorphological analysisbiochemical parameters |
| spellingShingle | Octavia-Laura Moldovan Camil-Eugen Vari Amelia Tero-Vescan Ovidiu Simion Cotoi Iuliu Gabriel Cocuz Flaviu Alexandru Tabaran Romelia Pop Ibolya Fülöp Rafael Florin Chis Ioana-Andreea Lungu Aura Rusu Potential Defence Mechanisms Triggered by Monosodium Glutamate Sub-Chronic Consumption in Two-Year-Old Wistar Rats Nutrients glutamic acid monosodium glutamate sub-chronic toxicity oxidative stress morphological analysis biochemical parameters |
| title | Potential Defence Mechanisms Triggered by Monosodium Glutamate Sub-Chronic Consumption in Two-Year-Old Wistar Rats |
| title_full | Potential Defence Mechanisms Triggered by Monosodium Glutamate Sub-Chronic Consumption in Two-Year-Old Wistar Rats |
| title_fullStr | Potential Defence Mechanisms Triggered by Monosodium Glutamate Sub-Chronic Consumption in Two-Year-Old Wistar Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Potential Defence Mechanisms Triggered by Monosodium Glutamate Sub-Chronic Consumption in Two-Year-Old Wistar Rats |
| title_short | Potential Defence Mechanisms Triggered by Monosodium Glutamate Sub-Chronic Consumption in Two-Year-Old Wistar Rats |
| title_sort | potential defence mechanisms triggered by monosodium glutamate sub chronic consumption in two year old wistar rats |
| topic | glutamic acid monosodium glutamate sub-chronic toxicity oxidative stress morphological analysis biochemical parameters |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/20/4436 |
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