Water drinking during aerobic exercise improves the recovery of non-linear heart rate dynamics in coronary artery disease: crossover clinical trial
IntroductionThe post-exercise recovery is a period of vulnerability of the cardiovascular system in which autonomic nervous system plays a key role in cardiovascular deceleration. It is already known that individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) are at greater risk due to delayed vagal reactiv...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2023.1147299/full |
| _version_ | 1797797777911054336 |
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| author | Maria Júlia Lopez Laurino Anne Kastelianne França da Silva Lorena Altafin Santos Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei |
| author_facet | Maria Júlia Lopez Laurino Anne Kastelianne França da Silva Lorena Altafin Santos Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei |
| author_sort | Maria Júlia Lopez Laurino |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | IntroductionThe post-exercise recovery is a period of vulnerability of the cardiovascular system in which autonomic nervous system plays a key role in cardiovascular deceleration. It is already known that individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) are at greater risk due to delayed vagal reactivation in this period. Water ingestion has been studied as a strategy to improve autonomic recovery and mitigate the risks during recovery. However, the results are preliminary and need further confirmation. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the influence of individualized water drinking on the non-linear dynamics of heart rate during and after aerobic exercise in CAD subjects.Methods30 males with CAD were submitted to a control protocol composed of initial rest, warming up, treadmill exercise, and passive recovery (60 min). After 48 hours they performed the hydration protocol, composed of the same activities, however, with individualized water drinking proportional to the body mass lost in the control protocol. The non-linear dynamics of heart rate were assessed by indices of heart rate variability extracted from the recurrence plot, detrended fluctuation analysis, and symbolic analysis.Results and discussionDuring exercise, the responses were physiological and similar in both protocols, indicating high sympathetic activity and reduced complexity. During recovery, the responses were also physiological, indicating the rise of parasympathetic activity and the return to a more complex state. However, during hydration protocol, the return to a more complex physiologic state occurred sooner and non-linear HRV indices returned to resting values between the 5th and 20th minutes of recovery. In contrast, during the control protocol, only a few indices returned to resting values within 60 minutes. Despite that, differences between protocols were not found. We conclude that the water drinking strategy accelerated the recovery of non-linear dynamics of heart rate in CAD subjects but did not influence responses during exercise. This is the first study to characterize the non-linear responses during and after exercise in CAD subjects. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:53:30Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-453X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:53:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e6a73d1ae364edbac3896733c6fc87d2023-06-22T08:12:34ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Neuroscience1662-453X2023-06-011710.3389/fnins.2023.11472991147299Water drinking during aerobic exercise improves the recovery of non-linear heart rate dynamics in coronary artery disease: crossover clinical trialMaria Júlia Lopez LaurinoAnne Kastelianne França da SilvaLorena Altafin SantosLuiz Carlos Marques VanderleiIntroductionThe post-exercise recovery is a period of vulnerability of the cardiovascular system in which autonomic nervous system plays a key role in cardiovascular deceleration. It is already known that individuals with coronary artery disease (CAD) are at greater risk due to delayed vagal reactivation in this period. Water ingestion has been studied as a strategy to improve autonomic recovery and mitigate the risks during recovery. However, the results are preliminary and need further confirmation. Therefore, our aim was to investigate the influence of individualized water drinking on the non-linear dynamics of heart rate during and after aerobic exercise in CAD subjects.Methods30 males with CAD were submitted to a control protocol composed of initial rest, warming up, treadmill exercise, and passive recovery (60 min). After 48 hours they performed the hydration protocol, composed of the same activities, however, with individualized water drinking proportional to the body mass lost in the control protocol. The non-linear dynamics of heart rate were assessed by indices of heart rate variability extracted from the recurrence plot, detrended fluctuation analysis, and symbolic analysis.Results and discussionDuring exercise, the responses were physiological and similar in both protocols, indicating high sympathetic activity and reduced complexity. During recovery, the responses were also physiological, indicating the rise of parasympathetic activity and the return to a more complex state. However, during hydration protocol, the return to a more complex physiologic state occurred sooner and non-linear HRV indices returned to resting values between the 5th and 20th minutes of recovery. In contrast, during the control protocol, only a few indices returned to resting values within 60 minutes. Despite that, differences between protocols were not found. We conclude that the water drinking strategy accelerated the recovery of non-linear dynamics of heart rate in CAD subjects but did not influence responses during exercise. This is the first study to characterize the non-linear responses during and after exercise in CAD subjects.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2023.1147299/fullautonomic nervous systemcardiac rehabilitationcomplexityfluid replacementpost-exercise recoverycoronary artery disease |
| spellingShingle | Maria Júlia Lopez Laurino Anne Kastelianne França da Silva Lorena Altafin Santos Luiz Carlos Marques Vanderlei Water drinking during aerobic exercise improves the recovery of non-linear heart rate dynamics in coronary artery disease: crossover clinical trial Frontiers in Neuroscience autonomic nervous system cardiac rehabilitation complexity fluid replacement post-exercise recovery coronary artery disease |
| title | Water drinking during aerobic exercise improves the recovery of non-linear heart rate dynamics in coronary artery disease: crossover clinical trial |
| title_full | Water drinking during aerobic exercise improves the recovery of non-linear heart rate dynamics in coronary artery disease: crossover clinical trial |
| title_fullStr | Water drinking during aerobic exercise improves the recovery of non-linear heart rate dynamics in coronary artery disease: crossover clinical trial |
| title_full_unstemmed | Water drinking during aerobic exercise improves the recovery of non-linear heart rate dynamics in coronary artery disease: crossover clinical trial |
| title_short | Water drinking during aerobic exercise improves the recovery of non-linear heart rate dynamics in coronary artery disease: crossover clinical trial |
| title_sort | water drinking during aerobic exercise improves the recovery of non linear heart rate dynamics in coronary artery disease crossover clinical trial |
| topic | autonomic nervous system cardiac rehabilitation complexity fluid replacement post-exercise recovery coronary artery disease |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnins.2023.1147299/full |
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