| Summary: | Abstract Objective This study assessed the outcomes of elderly patients with limited‐stage small cell lung cancer (LS‐SCLC), which may be linked to the timing of thoracic radiotherapy (TRT) following chemotherapy. Methods Elderly patients (n = 78) with LS‐SCLC were divided into three groups depending on the timing of radiotherapy. The patients in the TRT group were stratified into early (TRT after 1–2 cycles of chemotherapy, n = 29), medium‐term (TRT after 3–4 cycles of chemotherapy, n = 33), and late (TRT after 5–6 cycles of chemotherapy, n = 16) TRT groups. The overall survival (OS) and progression‐free survival (PFS) were assessed and compared. Results The medium‐term TRT group demonstrated significantly longer mPFS (20.12 months) and better mOS (35.97 months) than those in the other groups (PFS: P = 0.021;OS: P = 0.035). A pairwise comparison of the three groups revealed that those who received medium‐term TRT exhibited significantly improved PFS than the early (mPFS: 20.12 vs. 10.36 mouths, P = 0.018) and late (mPFS: 20.12 vs. 9.17 months, P = 0.016) TRT. The medium‐term TRT group demonstrated significantly improved OS than the early TRT (mOS: 35.97 vs. 25.22 months, P = 0.007) but not in comparison with the late TRT (mOS: 35.97 vs. 21.63 months, P = 0.100). Conclusion In elderly patients with LS‐SCLC, the addition of TRT after 3–4 cycles of chemotherapy appears to be a viable and potentially beneficial treatment approach.
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