Remote Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Proof-of-Concept Study
BackgroundAdults with cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVRFs) are also at increased risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia. However, it is often difficult to study the relationships between CVRFs and cognitive function because cognitive assessment typically req...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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JMIR Publications
2022-02-01
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| Series: | JMIR Formative Research |
| Online Access: | https://formative.jmir.org/2022/2/e30410 |
| _version_ | 1797735310586544128 |
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| author | Jennifer A Eastman Allison R Kaup Amber L Bahorik Xochitl Butcher Mouna Attarha Gregory M Marcus Mark J Pletcher Jeffrey E Olgin Deborah E Barnes Kristine Yaffe |
| author_facet | Jennifer A Eastman Allison R Kaup Amber L Bahorik Xochitl Butcher Mouna Attarha Gregory M Marcus Mark J Pletcher Jeffrey E Olgin Deborah E Barnes Kristine Yaffe |
| author_sort | Jennifer A Eastman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
BackgroundAdults with cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVRFs) are also at increased risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia. However, it is often difficult to study the relationships between CVRFs and cognitive function because cognitive assessment typically requires time-consuming in-person neuropsychological evaluations that may not be feasible for real-world situations.
ObjectiveWe conducted a proof-of-concept study to determine if the association between CVRFs and cognitive function could be detected using web-based, self-administered cognitive tasks and CVRF assessment.
MethodsWe recruited 239 participants aged ≥50 years (mean age 62.7 years, SD 8.8; 42.7% [n=102] female, 88.7% [n=212] White) who were enrolled in the Health eHeart Study, a web-based platform focused on cardiac disease. The participants self-reported CVRFs (hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation) using web-based health surveys between August 2016 and July 2018. After an average of 3 years of follow-up, we remotely evaluated episodic memory, working memory, and executive function via the web-based Posit Science platform, BrainHQ. Raw data were normalized and averaged into 3 domain scores. We used linear regression models to examine the association between CVRFs and cognitive function.
ResultsCVRF prevalence was 62.8% (n=150) for high cholesterol, 45.2% (n=108) for hypertension, 10.9% (n=26) for atrial fibrillation, and 7.5% (n=18) for diabetes. In multivariable models, atrial fibrillation was associated with worse working memory (β=-.51, 95% CI -0.91 to -0.11) and worse episodic memory (β=-.31, 95% CI -0.59 to -0.04); hypertension was associated with worse episodic memory (β=-.27, 95% CI -0.44 to -0.11). Diabetes and high cholesterol were not associated with cognitive performance.
ConclusionsSelf-administered web-based tools can be used to detect both CVRFs and cognitive health. We observed that atrial fibrillation and hypertension were associated with worse cognitive function even in those in their 60s and 70s. The potential of mobile assessments to detect risk factors for cognitive aging merits further investigation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:57:11Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e9b9f3e73f24e28a0d92cb07ddff331 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2561-326X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T12:57:11Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | JMIR Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | JMIR Formative Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e9b9f3e73f24e28a0d92cb07ddff3312023-08-28T20:42:25ZengJMIR PublicationsJMIR Formative Research2561-326X2022-02-0162e3041010.2196/30410Remote Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Proof-of-Concept StudyJennifer A Eastmanhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1539-3081Allison R Kauphttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3880-4245Amber L Bahorikhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6333-3599Xochitl Butcherhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4001-9633Mouna Attarhahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3020-3768Gregory M Marcushttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5197-7696Mark J Pletcherhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6966-1312Jeffrey E Olginhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1684-9327Deborah E Barneshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2953-4079Kristine Yaffehttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0919-3825 BackgroundAdults with cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVRFs) are also at increased risk of developing cognitive decline and dementia. However, it is often difficult to study the relationships between CVRFs and cognitive function because cognitive assessment typically requires time-consuming in-person neuropsychological evaluations that may not be feasible for real-world situations. ObjectiveWe conducted a proof-of-concept study to determine if the association between CVRFs and cognitive function could be detected using web-based, self-administered cognitive tasks and CVRF assessment. MethodsWe recruited 239 participants aged ≥50 years (mean age 62.7 years, SD 8.8; 42.7% [n=102] female, 88.7% [n=212] White) who were enrolled in the Health eHeart Study, a web-based platform focused on cardiac disease. The participants self-reported CVRFs (hypertension, high cholesterol, diabetes, and atrial fibrillation) using web-based health surveys between August 2016 and July 2018. After an average of 3 years of follow-up, we remotely evaluated episodic memory, working memory, and executive function via the web-based Posit Science platform, BrainHQ. Raw data were normalized and averaged into 3 domain scores. We used linear regression models to examine the association between CVRFs and cognitive function. ResultsCVRF prevalence was 62.8% (n=150) for high cholesterol, 45.2% (n=108) for hypertension, 10.9% (n=26) for atrial fibrillation, and 7.5% (n=18) for diabetes. In multivariable models, atrial fibrillation was associated with worse working memory (β=-.51, 95% CI -0.91 to -0.11) and worse episodic memory (β=-.31, 95% CI -0.59 to -0.04); hypertension was associated with worse episodic memory (β=-.27, 95% CI -0.44 to -0.11). Diabetes and high cholesterol were not associated with cognitive performance. ConclusionsSelf-administered web-based tools can be used to detect both CVRFs and cognitive health. We observed that atrial fibrillation and hypertension were associated with worse cognitive function even in those in their 60s and 70s. The potential of mobile assessments to detect risk factors for cognitive aging merits further investigation.https://formative.jmir.org/2022/2/e30410 |
| spellingShingle | Jennifer A Eastman Allison R Kaup Amber L Bahorik Xochitl Butcher Mouna Attarha Gregory M Marcus Mark J Pletcher Jeffrey E Olgin Deborah E Barnes Kristine Yaffe Remote Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Proof-of-Concept Study JMIR Formative Research |
| title | Remote Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Proof-of-Concept Study |
| title_full | Remote Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Proof-of-Concept Study |
| title_fullStr | Remote Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Proof-of-Concept Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Remote Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Proof-of-Concept Study |
| title_short | Remote Assessment of Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Cognition in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Proof-of-Concept Study |
| title_sort | remote assessment of cardiovascular risk factors and cognition in middle aged and older adults proof of concept study |
| url | https://formative.jmir.org/2022/2/e30410 |
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