Effects of Montmorillonite and Gentamicin Addition on the Properties of Electrospun Polycaprolactone Fibers
Electrospinning was used to obtain multifunctional fibrous composite materials with a matrix of poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) and 2 wt.% addition of a nanofiller: montmorillonite (MMT), montmorillonite intercalated with gentamicin sulphate (MMTG) or gentamicin sulphate (G). In the first stage, the alumi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-11-01
|
| Series: | Materials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6905 |
| _version_ | 1797509485931003904 |
|---|---|
| author | Ewa Stodolak-Zych Roksana Kurpanik Ewa Dzierzkowska Marcin Gajek Łukasz Zych Karol Gryń Alicja Rapacz-Kmita |
| author_facet | Ewa Stodolak-Zych Roksana Kurpanik Ewa Dzierzkowska Marcin Gajek Łukasz Zych Karol Gryń Alicja Rapacz-Kmita |
| author_sort | Ewa Stodolak-Zych |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Electrospinning was used to obtain multifunctional fibrous composite materials with a matrix of poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) and 2 wt.% addition of a nanofiller: montmorillonite (MMT), montmorillonite intercalated with gentamicin sulphate (MMTG) or gentamicin sulphate (G). In the first stage, the aluminosilicate gallery was modified by introducing gentamicin sulfate into it, and the effectiveness of the intercalation process was confirmed on the basis of changes in the clay particle size from 0.5 µm (for MMT) to 0.8 µm (for MMTG), an increase in the interplanar distance <i>d<sub>001</sub></i> from 12.3 Å (for MMT) to 13.9 Å (for MMTG) and altered clay grain morphology. In the second part of the experiment, the electrospinning process was carried out in which the polymer nonwovens with and without the modifier were prepared directly from dichloromethane (DCM) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The nanocomposite fibrous membranes containing montmorillonite were prepared from the same polymer solution but after homogenization with the modifier (13 wt.%). The degree of dispersion of the modifier was evaluated by average microarray analysis from observed area (EDS), which was also used to determine the intercalation of montmorillonite with gentamicin sulfate. An increase in the size of the fibers was found for the materials with the presence of the modifier, with the largest diameters measured for PCL_MMT (625 nm), and the smaller ones for PCL_MMTG (578 nm) and PCL_G (512 nm). The dispersion of MMT and MMTG in the PCL fibers was also confirmed by indirect studies such as change in mechanical properties of the nonwovens membrane, where the neat PCL nonwoven was used as a reference material. The addition of the modifier reduced the contact angle of PCL nonwovens (from 120° for PCL to 96° for PCL_G and 98° for PCL_MMTG). An approximately 10% increase in tensile strength of the nonwoven fabric with the addition of MMT compared to the neat PCL nonwoven fabric was also observed. The results of microbiological tests showed antibacterial activity of all obtained materials; however, the inhibition zones were the highest for the materials containing gentamicin sulphate, and the release time of the active substance was significantly extended for the materials with the addition of montmorillonite containing the antibiotic. The results clearly show that the electrospinning technique can be effectively used to obtain nanobiocomposite fibers with the addition of nonintercalated and intercalated montmorillonite with improved strength and increased stiffness compared to materials made only of the polymer fibers, provided that a high filler dispersion in the spinning solution is obtained. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:19:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0e9bee7f4f5a4d4488468dd30f8898ea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:19:25Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-0e9bee7f4f5a4d4488468dd30f8898ea2023-11-23T00:10:38ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442021-11-011422690510.3390/ma14226905Effects of Montmorillonite and Gentamicin Addition on the Properties of Electrospun Polycaprolactone FibersEwa Stodolak-Zych0Roksana Kurpanik1Ewa Dzierzkowska2Marcin Gajek3Łukasz Zych4Karol Gryń5Alicja Rapacz-Kmita6Department of Biomaterials and Composites, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Biomaterials and Composites, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Biomaterials and Composites, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Ceramics and Refractories, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Ceramics and Refractories, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Biomaterials and Composites, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, PolandDepartment of Ceramics and Refractories, AGH University of Science and Technology, 30-059 Krakow, PolandElectrospinning was used to obtain multifunctional fibrous composite materials with a matrix of poly-ɛ-caprolactone (PCL) and 2 wt.% addition of a nanofiller: montmorillonite (MMT), montmorillonite intercalated with gentamicin sulphate (MMTG) or gentamicin sulphate (G). In the first stage, the aluminosilicate gallery was modified by introducing gentamicin sulfate into it, and the effectiveness of the intercalation process was confirmed on the basis of changes in the clay particle size from 0.5 µm (for MMT) to 0.8 µm (for MMTG), an increase in the interplanar distance <i>d<sub>001</sub></i> from 12.3 Å (for MMT) to 13.9 Å (for MMTG) and altered clay grain morphology. In the second part of the experiment, the electrospinning process was carried out in which the polymer nonwovens with and without the modifier were prepared directly from dichloromethane (DCM) and N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). The nanocomposite fibrous membranes containing montmorillonite were prepared from the same polymer solution but after homogenization with the modifier (13 wt.%). The degree of dispersion of the modifier was evaluated by average microarray analysis from observed area (EDS), which was also used to determine the intercalation of montmorillonite with gentamicin sulfate. An increase in the size of the fibers was found for the materials with the presence of the modifier, with the largest diameters measured for PCL_MMT (625 nm), and the smaller ones for PCL_MMTG (578 nm) and PCL_G (512 nm). The dispersion of MMT and MMTG in the PCL fibers was also confirmed by indirect studies such as change in mechanical properties of the nonwovens membrane, where the neat PCL nonwoven was used as a reference material. The addition of the modifier reduced the contact angle of PCL nonwovens (from 120° for PCL to 96° for PCL_G and 98° for PCL_MMTG). An approximately 10% increase in tensile strength of the nonwoven fabric with the addition of MMT compared to the neat PCL nonwoven fabric was also observed. The results of microbiological tests showed antibacterial activity of all obtained materials; however, the inhibition zones were the highest for the materials containing gentamicin sulphate, and the release time of the active substance was significantly extended for the materials with the addition of montmorillonite containing the antibiotic. The results clearly show that the electrospinning technique can be effectively used to obtain nanobiocomposite fibers with the addition of nonintercalated and intercalated montmorillonite with improved strength and increased stiffness compared to materials made only of the polymer fibers, provided that a high filler dispersion in the spinning solution is obtained.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6905nanobiocompositesmontmorilloniteelectrospinningnanocompositesantibacterial propertiesmechanical properties |
| spellingShingle | Ewa Stodolak-Zych Roksana Kurpanik Ewa Dzierzkowska Marcin Gajek Łukasz Zych Karol Gryń Alicja Rapacz-Kmita Effects of Montmorillonite and Gentamicin Addition on the Properties of Electrospun Polycaprolactone Fibers Materials nanobiocomposites montmorillonite electrospinning nanocomposites antibacterial properties mechanical properties |
| title | Effects of Montmorillonite and Gentamicin Addition on the Properties of Electrospun Polycaprolactone Fibers |
| title_full | Effects of Montmorillonite and Gentamicin Addition on the Properties of Electrospun Polycaprolactone Fibers |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Montmorillonite and Gentamicin Addition on the Properties of Electrospun Polycaprolactone Fibers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Montmorillonite and Gentamicin Addition on the Properties of Electrospun Polycaprolactone Fibers |
| title_short | Effects of Montmorillonite and Gentamicin Addition on the Properties of Electrospun Polycaprolactone Fibers |
| title_sort | effects of montmorillonite and gentamicin addition on the properties of electrospun polycaprolactone fibers |
| topic | nanobiocomposites montmorillonite electrospinning nanocomposites antibacterial properties mechanical properties |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/22/6905 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ewastodolakzych effectsofmontmorilloniteandgentamicinadditiononthepropertiesofelectrospunpolycaprolactonefibers AT roksanakurpanik effectsofmontmorilloniteandgentamicinadditiononthepropertiesofelectrospunpolycaprolactonefibers AT ewadzierzkowska effectsofmontmorilloniteandgentamicinadditiononthepropertiesofelectrospunpolycaprolactonefibers AT marcingajek effectsofmontmorilloniteandgentamicinadditiononthepropertiesofelectrospunpolycaprolactonefibers AT łukaszzych effectsofmontmorilloniteandgentamicinadditiononthepropertiesofelectrospunpolycaprolactonefibers AT karolgryn effectsofmontmorilloniteandgentamicinadditiononthepropertiesofelectrospunpolycaprolactonefibers AT alicjarapaczkmita effectsofmontmorilloniteandgentamicinadditiononthepropertiesofelectrospunpolycaprolactonefibers |