Magnetic-Field-Assisted Electric-Field-Induced Domain Switching of a Magnetic Single Domain in a Multiferroic/Magnetoelectric Ni Nanochevron/[Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.68</sub>–[PbTiO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.32</sub> (PMN–PT) Layered Structure
We report the magnetic-field-assisted electric-field-controlled domain switching of a magnetic single domain in a multiferroic/magnetoelectric Ni nanochevrons/[Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.68</sub>–[PbTiO<sub>3</sub...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Micromachines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/15/1/36 |
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| author | Chih-Cheng Cheng Yu-Jen Chen Shin-Hung Lin Hsin-Min Wang Guang-Ping Lin Tien-Kan Chung |
| author_facet | Chih-Cheng Cheng Yu-Jen Chen Shin-Hung Lin Hsin-Min Wang Guang-Ping Lin Tien-Kan Chung |
| author_sort | Chih-Cheng Cheng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | We report the magnetic-field-assisted electric-field-controlled domain switching of a magnetic single domain in a multiferroic/magnetoelectric Ni nanochevrons/[Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.68</sub>–[PbTiO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.32</sub> (PMN–PT) layered structure. Initially, a magnetic field was applied in the transverse direction across single-domain Ni nanochevrons to transform each of them into a two-domain state. Subsequently, an electric field was applied to the layered structure, exerting the converse magnetoelectric effect to transform/release the two-domain Ni nanochevrons into one of two possible single-domain states. Finally, the experimental results showed that approximately 50% of the single-domain Ni nanochevrons were switched permanently after applying our approach (i.e., the magnetization direction was permanently rotated by 180 degrees). These results mark important advancements for future nanoelectromagnetic systems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:40:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ea6dda32ce14d10a5b2b27f4bcc4a1f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-666X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T10:40:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Micromachines |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ea6dda32ce14d10a5b2b27f4bcc4a1f2024-01-26T17:43:00ZengMDPI AGMicromachines2072-666X2023-12-011513610.3390/mi15010036Magnetic-Field-Assisted Electric-Field-Induced Domain Switching of a Magnetic Single Domain in a Multiferroic/Magnetoelectric Ni Nanochevron/[Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.68</sub>–[PbTiO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.32</sub> (PMN–PT) Layered StructureChih-Cheng Cheng0Yu-Jen Chen1Shin-Hung Lin2Hsin-Min Wang3Guang-Ping Lin4Tien-Kan Chung5Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, TaiwanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, TaiwanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, TaiwanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, TaiwanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, TaiwanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, TaiwanWe report the magnetic-field-assisted electric-field-controlled domain switching of a magnetic single domain in a multiferroic/magnetoelectric Ni nanochevrons/[Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.68</sub>–[PbTiO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.32</sub> (PMN–PT) layered structure. Initially, a magnetic field was applied in the transverse direction across single-domain Ni nanochevrons to transform each of them into a two-domain state. Subsequently, an electric field was applied to the layered structure, exerting the converse magnetoelectric effect to transform/release the two-domain Ni nanochevrons into one of two possible single-domain states. Finally, the experimental results showed that approximately 50% of the single-domain Ni nanochevrons were switched permanently after applying our approach (i.e., the magnetization direction was permanently rotated by 180 degrees). These results mark important advancements for future nanoelectromagnetic systems.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/15/1/36magnetoelectricmultiferroicnano Ni chevronspiezoelectric PMN–PTelectric-field controlmagnetic single domain |
| spellingShingle | Chih-Cheng Cheng Yu-Jen Chen Shin-Hung Lin Hsin-Min Wang Guang-Ping Lin Tien-Kan Chung Magnetic-Field-Assisted Electric-Field-Induced Domain Switching of a Magnetic Single Domain in a Multiferroic/Magnetoelectric Ni Nanochevron/[Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.68</sub>–[PbTiO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.32</sub> (PMN–PT) Layered Structure Micromachines magnetoelectric multiferroic nano Ni chevrons piezoelectric PMN–PT electric-field control magnetic single domain |
| title | Magnetic-Field-Assisted Electric-Field-Induced Domain Switching of a Magnetic Single Domain in a Multiferroic/Magnetoelectric Ni Nanochevron/[Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.68</sub>–[PbTiO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.32</sub> (PMN–PT) Layered Structure |
| title_full | Magnetic-Field-Assisted Electric-Field-Induced Domain Switching of a Magnetic Single Domain in a Multiferroic/Magnetoelectric Ni Nanochevron/[Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.68</sub>–[PbTiO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.32</sub> (PMN–PT) Layered Structure |
| title_fullStr | Magnetic-Field-Assisted Electric-Field-Induced Domain Switching of a Magnetic Single Domain in a Multiferroic/Magnetoelectric Ni Nanochevron/[Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.68</sub>–[PbTiO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.32</sub> (PMN–PT) Layered Structure |
| title_full_unstemmed | Magnetic-Field-Assisted Electric-Field-Induced Domain Switching of a Magnetic Single Domain in a Multiferroic/Magnetoelectric Ni Nanochevron/[Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.68</sub>–[PbTiO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.32</sub> (PMN–PT) Layered Structure |
| title_short | Magnetic-Field-Assisted Electric-Field-Induced Domain Switching of a Magnetic Single Domain in a Multiferroic/Magnetoelectric Ni Nanochevron/[Pb(Mg<sub>1/3</sub>Nb<sub>2/3</sub>)O<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.68</sub>–[PbTiO<sub>3</sub>]<sub>0.32</sub> (PMN–PT) Layered Structure |
| title_sort | magnetic field assisted electric field induced domain switching of a magnetic single domain in a multiferroic magnetoelectric ni nanochevron pb mg sub 1 3 sub nb sub 2 3 sub o sub 3 sub sub 0 68 sub pbtio sub 3 sub sub 0 32 sub pmn pt layered structure |
| topic | magnetoelectric multiferroic nano Ni chevrons piezoelectric PMN–PT electric-field control magnetic single domain |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-666X/15/1/36 |
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