Five new species of Inosperma from China: Morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and toxin detection
Many species of Inosperma cause neurotoxic poisoning in humans after consumption around the world. However, the toxic species of Inosperma and its toxin content remain unclear. In the present study, we proposed five new Inosperma species from China, namely, I. longisporum, I. nivalellum, I. sphaerob...
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| Format: | Article |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1021583/full |
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| author | Sai-Nan Li Fei Xu Pan Long Feng Liu Ping Zhang Yu-Guang Fan Zuo-Hong Chen |
| author_facet | Sai-Nan Li Fei Xu Pan Long Feng Liu Ping Zhang Yu-Guang Fan Zuo-Hong Chen |
| author_sort | Sai-Nan Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many species of Inosperma cause neurotoxic poisoning in humans after consumption around the world. However, the toxic species of Inosperma and its toxin content remain unclear. In the present study, we proposed five new Inosperma species from China, namely, I. longisporum, I. nivalellum, I. sphaerobulbosum, I. squamulosobrunneum, and I. squamulosohinnuleum. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses based on three genes (ITS, nrLSU, rpb2) revealed that these taxa are independent species. A key to 17 species of Inosperma in China is provided. In addition, targeted screening for the most notorious mushroom neurotoxins, muscarine, psilocybin, ibotenic acid, and muscimol, in these five new species was performed by using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Our results show that the neurotoxin contents in these five species varied: I. sphaerobulbosum contains none of the tested neurotoxins; I. nivalellum is muscarine positive; I. longisporum and I. squamulosohinnuleum contain both ibotenic acid and muscimol, and I. squamulosobrunneum only contains muscimol; psilocybin was not detected in these five new species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:53:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ea86524b0664c9fa8837878da431b0f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T08:53:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ea86524b0664c9fa8837878da431b0f2022-12-22T04:33:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2022-10-011310.3389/fmicb.2022.10215831021583Five new species of Inosperma from China: Morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and toxin detectionSai-Nan Li0Fei Xu1Pan Long2Feng Liu3Ping Zhang4Yu-Guang Fan5Zuo-Hong Chen6Mycology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Physical and Chemical, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, ChinaMycology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaDepartment of Physical and Chemical, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yinchuan, ChinaMycology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaKey Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for R&D of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, ChinaMycology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, ChinaMany species of Inosperma cause neurotoxic poisoning in humans after consumption around the world. However, the toxic species of Inosperma and its toxin content remain unclear. In the present study, we proposed five new Inosperma species from China, namely, I. longisporum, I. nivalellum, I. sphaerobulbosum, I. squamulosobrunneum, and I. squamulosohinnuleum. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic analyses based on three genes (ITS, nrLSU, rpb2) revealed that these taxa are independent species. A key to 17 species of Inosperma in China is provided. In addition, targeted screening for the most notorious mushroom neurotoxins, muscarine, psilocybin, ibotenic acid, and muscimol, in these five new species was performed by using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). Our results show that the neurotoxin contents in these five species varied: I. sphaerobulbosum contains none of the tested neurotoxins; I. nivalellum is muscarine positive; I. longisporum and I. squamulosohinnuleum contain both ibotenic acid and muscimol, and I. squamulosobrunneum only contains muscimol; psilocybin was not detected in these five new species.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1021583/fullInocybaceaenew speciesphylogenytaxonomymuscarinepsilocybin |
| spellingShingle | Sai-Nan Li Fei Xu Pan Long Feng Liu Ping Zhang Yu-Guang Fan Zuo-Hong Chen Five new species of Inosperma from China: Morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and toxin detection Frontiers in Microbiology Inocybaceae new species phylogeny taxonomy muscarine psilocybin |
| title | Five new species of Inosperma from China: Morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and toxin detection |
| title_full | Five new species of Inosperma from China: Morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and toxin detection |
| title_fullStr | Five new species of Inosperma from China: Morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and toxin detection |
| title_full_unstemmed | Five new species of Inosperma from China: Morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and toxin detection |
| title_short | Five new species of Inosperma from China: Morphological characteristics, phylogenetic analyses, and toxin detection |
| title_sort | five new species of inosperma from china morphological characteristics phylogenetic analyses and toxin detection |
| topic | Inocybaceae new species phylogeny taxonomy muscarine psilocybin |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2022.1021583/full |
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