Near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics as influenced by conventional and conservation tillage practices in North-West Himalayan region, India
Tillage plays an important role in modifying soil hydraulic properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of conservation tillage practices in a maize-wheat cropping system on near-saturated soil hydraulic properties and pore characteristics in the North-West Himalayan re...
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2021-06-01
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| Series: | International Soil and Water Conservation Research |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633921000022 |
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| author | Deepak Singh Alok Kumar Mishra Sridhar Patra Sankar Mariappan Nisha Singh |
| author_facet | Deepak Singh Alok Kumar Mishra Sridhar Patra Sankar Mariappan Nisha Singh |
| author_sort | Deepak Singh |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tillage plays an important role in modifying soil hydraulic properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of conservation tillage practices in a maize-wheat cropping system on near-saturated soil hydraulic properties and pore characteristics in the North-West Himalayan region, India. Three treatments viz. conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT), and zero tillage (ZT) were evaluated in terms of field saturated hydraulic conductivity (ks), unsaturated hydraulic conductivity k(h), the inverse of capillary length (α), flow-weighted mean pore radius (r0), numbers of pores per square meter (n0) and water-conducting macroporosity (Ɛ). The above hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics were derived from steady-state water flux (q) measured using hood infiltrometer at 0, −1, and −3 cm pressure head for each treatment after seven years of establishment of this tillage experiment. Results revealed significantly (p < 0.05) higher values of ks, k(h), α, and Ɛ in ZT as compared with CT. MT had intermediate values. Higher α values suggested a greater gravity-dominated flow under ZT and MT as compared with CT. Analysis of r0 values indicated better connectivity of pores in ZT and MT as compared with CT. Macropore flow suggested that on average pore radii, > 0.50 mm conducted about 63.60, 68.01, and 75.97 % of total flow (at 0 cm pressure head) in the corresponding water-conducting macroporosity of 0.00030, 0.00044, and 0.00069 % of soil volume under CT, MT, and ZT, respectively. Overall, zero-tillage based agriculture system was found to improve near-saturated soil hydraulic properties. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T17:31:42Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ed378486dc6446d89e7451be97e8c06 |
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| issn | 2095-6339 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T17:31:42Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
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| series | International Soil and Water Conservation Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ed378486dc6446d89e7451be97e8c062024-03-02T17:48:44ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.International Soil and Water Conservation Research2095-63392021-06-0192249259Near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics as influenced by conventional and conservation tillage practices in North-West Himalayan region, IndiaDeepak Singh0Alok Kumar Mishra1Sridhar Patra2Sankar Mariappan3Nisha Singh4ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun, 248195, Uttarakhand, India; Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, U.P, India; Corresponding author. ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun, 248195, Uttarakhand, India.Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, 211007, U.P, IndiaICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun, 248195, Uttarakhand, IndiaICAR-Indian Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Dehradun, 248195, Uttarakhand, IndiaHemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University (A Central University), Srinagar (Garhwal), 246174, Uttarakhand, IndiaTillage plays an important role in modifying soil hydraulic properties. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of conservation tillage practices in a maize-wheat cropping system on near-saturated soil hydraulic properties and pore characteristics in the North-West Himalayan region, India. Three treatments viz. conventional tillage (CT), minimum tillage (MT), and zero tillage (ZT) were evaluated in terms of field saturated hydraulic conductivity (ks), unsaturated hydraulic conductivity k(h), the inverse of capillary length (α), flow-weighted mean pore radius (r0), numbers of pores per square meter (n0) and water-conducting macroporosity (Ɛ). The above hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics were derived from steady-state water flux (q) measured using hood infiltrometer at 0, −1, and −3 cm pressure head for each treatment after seven years of establishment of this tillage experiment. Results revealed significantly (p < 0.05) higher values of ks, k(h), α, and Ɛ in ZT as compared with CT. MT had intermediate values. Higher α values suggested a greater gravity-dominated flow under ZT and MT as compared with CT. Analysis of r0 values indicated better connectivity of pores in ZT and MT as compared with CT. Macropore flow suggested that on average pore radii, > 0.50 mm conducted about 63.60, 68.01, and 75.97 % of total flow (at 0 cm pressure head) in the corresponding water-conducting macroporosity of 0.00030, 0.00044, and 0.00069 % of soil volume under CT, MT, and ZT, respectively. Overall, zero-tillage based agriculture system was found to improve near-saturated soil hydraulic properties.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633921000022Near-saturated hydraulic conductivityMacroporesTillageFlow weighted mean pore radiusWater-conducting macroporosity |
| spellingShingle | Deepak Singh Alok Kumar Mishra Sridhar Patra Sankar Mariappan Nisha Singh Near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics as influenced by conventional and conservation tillage practices in North-West Himalayan region, India International Soil and Water Conservation Research Near-saturated hydraulic conductivity Macropores Tillage Flow weighted mean pore radius Water-conducting macroporosity |
| title | Near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics as influenced by conventional and conservation tillage practices in North-West Himalayan region, India |
| title_full | Near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics as influenced by conventional and conservation tillage practices in North-West Himalayan region, India |
| title_fullStr | Near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics as influenced by conventional and conservation tillage practices in North-West Himalayan region, India |
| title_full_unstemmed | Near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics as influenced by conventional and conservation tillage practices in North-West Himalayan region, India |
| title_short | Near-saturated soil hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics as influenced by conventional and conservation tillage practices in North-West Himalayan region, India |
| title_sort | near saturated soil hydraulic conductivity and pore characteristics as influenced by conventional and conservation tillage practices in north west himalayan region india |
| topic | Near-saturated hydraulic conductivity Macropores Tillage Flow weighted mean pore radius Water-conducting macroporosity |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2095633921000022 |
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