Sepsis: mechanisms of bacterial injury to the patient
Abstract In bacteremia the majority of bacterial species are killed by oxidation on the surface of erythrocytes and digested by local phagocytes in the liver and the spleen. Sepsis-causing bacteria overcome this mechanism of human innate immunity by versatile respiration, production of antioxidant e...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2019-02-01
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| Series: | Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13049-019-0596-4 |
| _version_ | 1818409784378916864 |
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| author | Hayk Minasyan |
| author_facet | Hayk Minasyan |
| author_sort | Hayk Minasyan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract In bacteremia the majority of bacterial species are killed by oxidation on the surface of erythrocytes and digested by local phagocytes in the liver and the spleen. Sepsis-causing bacteria overcome this mechanism of human innate immunity by versatile respiration, production of antioxidant enzymes, hemolysins, exo- and endotoxins, exopolymers and other factors that suppress host defense and provide bacterial survival. Entering the bloodstream in different forms (planktonic, encapsulated, L-form, biofilm fragments), they cause different types of sepsis (fulminant, acute, subacute, chronic, etc.). Sepsis treatment includes antibacterial therapy, support of host vital functions and restore of homeostasis. A bacterium killing is only one of numerous aspects of antibacterial therapy. The latter should inhibit the production of bacterial antioxidant enzymes and hemolysins, neutralize bacterial toxins, modulate bacterial respiration, increase host tolerance to bacterial products, facilitate host bactericidal mechanism and disperse bacterial capsule and biofilm. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T10:05:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ed5856c4fe4451d80229dfb43cac32b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1757-7241 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T10:05:08Z |
| publishDate | 2019-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ed5856c4fe4451d80229dfb43cac32b2022-12-21T23:07:09ZengBMCScandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine1757-72412019-02-0127112210.1186/s13049-019-0596-4Sepsis: mechanisms of bacterial injury to the patientHayk MinasyanAbstract In bacteremia the majority of bacterial species are killed by oxidation on the surface of erythrocytes and digested by local phagocytes in the liver and the spleen. Sepsis-causing bacteria overcome this mechanism of human innate immunity by versatile respiration, production of antioxidant enzymes, hemolysins, exo- and endotoxins, exopolymers and other factors that suppress host defense and provide bacterial survival. Entering the bloodstream in different forms (planktonic, encapsulated, L-form, biofilm fragments), they cause different types of sepsis (fulminant, acute, subacute, chronic, etc.). Sepsis treatment includes antibacterial therapy, support of host vital functions and restore of homeostasis. A bacterium killing is only one of numerous aspects of antibacterial therapy. The latter should inhibit the production of bacterial antioxidant enzymes and hemolysins, neutralize bacterial toxins, modulate bacterial respiration, increase host tolerance to bacterial products, facilitate host bactericidal mechanism and disperse bacterial capsule and biofilm.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13049-019-0596-4SepsisTreatmentAntibacterial therapyAntibioticsBactericidalsBacteriostatics |
| spellingShingle | Hayk Minasyan Sepsis: mechanisms of bacterial injury to the patient Scandinavian Journal of Trauma, Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine Sepsis Treatment Antibacterial therapy Antibiotics Bactericidals Bacteriostatics |
| title | Sepsis: mechanisms of bacterial injury to the patient |
| title_full | Sepsis: mechanisms of bacterial injury to the patient |
| title_fullStr | Sepsis: mechanisms of bacterial injury to the patient |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sepsis: mechanisms of bacterial injury to the patient |
| title_short | Sepsis: mechanisms of bacterial injury to the patient |
| title_sort | sepsis mechanisms of bacterial injury to the patient |
| topic | Sepsis Treatment Antibacterial therapy Antibiotics Bactericidals Bacteriostatics |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13049-019-0596-4 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT haykminasyan sepsismechanismsofbacterialinjurytothepatient |