Investigating avian influenza infection hotspots in old-world shorebirds.
Heterogeneity in the transmission rates of pathogens across hosts or environments may produce disease hotspots, which are defined as specific sites, times or species associations in which the infection rate is consistently elevated. Hotspots for avian influenza virus (AIV) in wild birds are largely...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2012-01-01
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| Series: | PLoS ONE |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3460932?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1828388247069261824 |
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| author | Nicolas Gaidet Ahmed B Ould El Mamy Julien Cappelle Alexandre Caron Graeme S Cumming Vladimir Grosbois Patricia Gil Saliha Hammoumi Renata Servan de Almeida Sasan R Fereidouni Giovanni Cattoli Celia Abolnik Josphine Mundava Bouba Fofana Mduduzi Ndlovu Yelli Diawara Renata Hurtado Scott H Newman Tim Dodman Gilles Balança |
| author_facet | Nicolas Gaidet Ahmed B Ould El Mamy Julien Cappelle Alexandre Caron Graeme S Cumming Vladimir Grosbois Patricia Gil Saliha Hammoumi Renata Servan de Almeida Sasan R Fereidouni Giovanni Cattoli Celia Abolnik Josphine Mundava Bouba Fofana Mduduzi Ndlovu Yelli Diawara Renata Hurtado Scott H Newman Tim Dodman Gilles Balança |
| author_sort | Nicolas Gaidet |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Heterogeneity in the transmission rates of pathogens across hosts or environments may produce disease hotspots, which are defined as specific sites, times or species associations in which the infection rate is consistently elevated. Hotspots for avian influenza virus (AIV) in wild birds are largely unstudied and poorly understood. A striking feature is the existence of a unique but consistent AIV hotspot in shorebirds (Charadriiformes) associated with a single species at a specific location and time (ruddy turnstone Arenaria interpres at Delaware Bay, USA, in May). This unique case, though a valuable reference, limits our capacity to explore and understand the general properties of AIV hotspots in shorebirds. Unfortunately, relatively few shorebirds have been sampled outside Delaware Bay and they belong to only a few shorebird families; there also has been a lack of consistent oropharyngeal sampling as a complement to cloacal sampling. In this study we looked for AIV hotspots associated with other shorebird species and/or with some of the larger congregation sites of shorebirds in the old world. We assembled and analysed a regionally extensive dataset of AIV prevalence from 69 shorebird species sampled in 25 countries across Africa and Western Eurasia. Despite this diverse and extensive coverage we did not detect any new shorebird AIV hotspots. Neither large shorebird congregation sites nor the ruddy turnstone were consistently associated with AIV hotspots. We did, however, find a low but widespread circulation of AIV in shorebirds that contrast with the absence of AIV previously reported in shorebirds in Europe. A very high AIV antibody prevalence coupled to a low infection rate was found in both first-year and adult birds of two migratory sandpiper species, suggesting the potential existence of an AIV hotspot along their migratory flyway that is yet to be discovered. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T06:08:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0ed86e5baa4745b3b03d5c9c0aab50ae |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1932-6203 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T06:08:23Z |
| publishDate | 2012-01-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS ONE |
| spelling | doaj.art-0ed86e5baa4745b3b03d5c9c0aab50ae2022-12-22T01:59:37ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS ONE1932-62032012-01-0179e4604910.1371/journal.pone.0046049Investigating avian influenza infection hotspots in old-world shorebirds.Nicolas GaidetAhmed B Ould El MamyJulien CappelleAlexandre CaronGraeme S CummingVladimir GrosboisPatricia GilSaliha HammoumiRenata Servan de AlmeidaSasan R FereidouniGiovanni CattoliCelia AbolnikJosphine MundavaBouba FofanaMduduzi NdlovuYelli DiawaraRenata HurtadoScott H NewmanTim DodmanGilles BalançaHeterogeneity in the transmission rates of pathogens across hosts or environments may produce disease hotspots, which are defined as specific sites, times or species associations in which the infection rate is consistently elevated. Hotspots for avian influenza virus (AIV) in wild birds are largely unstudied and poorly understood. A striking feature is the existence of a unique but consistent AIV hotspot in shorebirds (Charadriiformes) associated with a single species at a specific location and time (ruddy turnstone Arenaria interpres at Delaware Bay, USA, in May). This unique case, though a valuable reference, limits our capacity to explore and understand the general properties of AIV hotspots in shorebirds. Unfortunately, relatively few shorebirds have been sampled outside Delaware Bay and they belong to only a few shorebird families; there also has been a lack of consistent oropharyngeal sampling as a complement to cloacal sampling. In this study we looked for AIV hotspots associated with other shorebird species and/or with some of the larger congregation sites of shorebirds in the old world. We assembled and analysed a regionally extensive dataset of AIV prevalence from 69 shorebird species sampled in 25 countries across Africa and Western Eurasia. Despite this diverse and extensive coverage we did not detect any new shorebird AIV hotspots. Neither large shorebird congregation sites nor the ruddy turnstone were consistently associated with AIV hotspots. We did, however, find a low but widespread circulation of AIV in shorebirds that contrast with the absence of AIV previously reported in shorebirds in Europe. A very high AIV antibody prevalence coupled to a low infection rate was found in both first-year and adult birds of two migratory sandpiper species, suggesting the potential existence of an AIV hotspot along their migratory flyway that is yet to be discovered.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3460932?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Nicolas Gaidet Ahmed B Ould El Mamy Julien Cappelle Alexandre Caron Graeme S Cumming Vladimir Grosbois Patricia Gil Saliha Hammoumi Renata Servan de Almeida Sasan R Fereidouni Giovanni Cattoli Celia Abolnik Josphine Mundava Bouba Fofana Mduduzi Ndlovu Yelli Diawara Renata Hurtado Scott H Newman Tim Dodman Gilles Balança Investigating avian influenza infection hotspots in old-world shorebirds. PLoS ONE |
| title | Investigating avian influenza infection hotspots in old-world shorebirds. |
| title_full | Investigating avian influenza infection hotspots in old-world shorebirds. |
| title_fullStr | Investigating avian influenza infection hotspots in old-world shorebirds. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating avian influenza infection hotspots in old-world shorebirds. |
| title_short | Investigating avian influenza infection hotspots in old-world shorebirds. |
| title_sort | investigating avian influenza infection hotspots in old world shorebirds |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3460932?pdf=render |
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