Race-ethnicity and COVID-19 Vaccination Beliefs and Intentions: A Cross-Sectional Study among the General Population in the San Francisco Bay Area
Objective: The study was designed to compare intentions to receive COVID-19 vaccination by race–ethnicity, to identify beliefs that may mediate the association between race–ethnicity and intention to receive the vaccine and to identify the demographic factors and beliefs most strongly predictive of...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/12/1406 |
| _version_ | 1827669099872780288 |
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| author | Yingjie Weng Di Lu Jenna Bollyky Vivek Jain Manisha Desai Christina Lindan Derek Boothroyd Timothy Judson Sarah B. Doernberg Marisa Holubar Hannah Sample Beatrice Huang Yvonne Maldonado George W. Rutherford Kevin Grumbach on behalf of the California Pandemic Consortium |
| author_facet | Yingjie Weng Di Lu Jenna Bollyky Vivek Jain Manisha Desai Christina Lindan Derek Boothroyd Timothy Judson Sarah B. Doernberg Marisa Holubar Hannah Sample Beatrice Huang Yvonne Maldonado George W. Rutherford Kevin Grumbach on behalf of the California Pandemic Consortium |
| author_sort | Yingjie Weng |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Objective: The study was designed to compare intentions to receive COVID-19 vaccination by race–ethnicity, to identify beliefs that may mediate the association between race–ethnicity and intention to receive the vaccine and to identify the demographic factors and beliefs most strongly predictive of intention to receive a vaccine. Design: Cross-sectional survey conducted from November 2020 to January 2021, nested within a longitudinal cohort study of the prevalence and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 among a general population-based sample of adults in six San Francisco Bay Area counties (called TrackCOVID). Study Cohort: In total, 3161 participants among the 3935 in the TrackCOVID parent cohort responded. Results: Rates of high vaccine willingness were significantly lower among Black (41%), Latinx (55%), Asian (58%), Multi-racial (59%), and Other race (58%) respondents than among White respondents (72%). Black, Latinx, and Asian respondents were significantly more likely than White respondents to endorse lack of trust of government and health agencies as a reason not to get vaccinated. Participants’ motivations and concerns about COVID-19 vaccination only partially explained racial–ethnic differences in vaccination willingness. Concerns about a rushed government vaccine approval process and potential bad reactions to the vaccine were the two most important factors predicting vaccination intention. Conclusions: Vaccine outreach campaigns must ensure that the disproportionate toll of COVID-19 on historically marginalized racial–ethnic communities is not compounded by inequities in vaccination. Efforts must emphasize messages that speak to the motivations and concerns of groups suffering most from health inequities to earn their trust to support informed decision making. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:55:45Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0edb21f1fab84bb1ae3789176e9b4752 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T03:55:45Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-0edb21f1fab84bb1ae3789176e9b47522023-11-23T10:53:55ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2021-11-01912140610.3390/vaccines9121406Race-ethnicity and COVID-19 Vaccination Beliefs and Intentions: A Cross-Sectional Study among the General Population in the San Francisco Bay AreaYingjie Weng0Di Lu1Jenna Bollyky2Vivek Jain3Manisha Desai4Christina Lindan5Derek Boothroyd6Timothy Judson7Sarah B. Doernberg8Marisa Holubar9Hannah Sample10Beatrice Huang11Yvonne Maldonado12George W. Rutherford13Kevin Grumbach14on behalf of the California Pandemic ConsortiumQuantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USAQuantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USADivision of Primary Care & Population Health, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USADivision of HIV, Infectious Diseases & Global Medicine, San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco, CA 94110, USAQuantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USADepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94134, USAQuantitative Sciences Unit, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USADivision of Hospital Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94117, USADivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco CA 94117, USADivision of Diseases and Geographic Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USADepartment of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco CA 94134, USADepartment of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USADivision of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine , Stanford, CA 94305, USADepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94134, USADepartment of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94110, USAObjective: The study was designed to compare intentions to receive COVID-19 vaccination by race–ethnicity, to identify beliefs that may mediate the association between race–ethnicity and intention to receive the vaccine and to identify the demographic factors and beliefs most strongly predictive of intention to receive a vaccine. Design: Cross-sectional survey conducted from November 2020 to January 2021, nested within a longitudinal cohort study of the prevalence and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 among a general population-based sample of adults in six San Francisco Bay Area counties (called TrackCOVID). Study Cohort: In total, 3161 participants among the 3935 in the TrackCOVID parent cohort responded. Results: Rates of high vaccine willingness were significantly lower among Black (41%), Latinx (55%), Asian (58%), Multi-racial (59%), and Other race (58%) respondents than among White respondents (72%). Black, Latinx, and Asian respondents were significantly more likely than White respondents to endorse lack of trust of government and health agencies as a reason not to get vaccinated. Participants’ motivations and concerns about COVID-19 vaccination only partially explained racial–ethnic differences in vaccination willingness. Concerns about a rushed government vaccine approval process and potential bad reactions to the vaccine were the two most important factors predicting vaccination intention. Conclusions: Vaccine outreach campaigns must ensure that the disproportionate toll of COVID-19 on historically marginalized racial–ethnic communities is not compounded by inequities in vaccination. Efforts must emphasize messages that speak to the motivations and concerns of groups suffering most from health inequities to earn their trust to support informed decision making.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/12/1406COVID-19 vaccine intentionrace–ethnicitymediatorsLASSO |
| spellingShingle | Yingjie Weng Di Lu Jenna Bollyky Vivek Jain Manisha Desai Christina Lindan Derek Boothroyd Timothy Judson Sarah B. Doernberg Marisa Holubar Hannah Sample Beatrice Huang Yvonne Maldonado George W. Rutherford Kevin Grumbach on behalf of the California Pandemic Consortium Race-ethnicity and COVID-19 Vaccination Beliefs and Intentions: A Cross-Sectional Study among the General Population in the San Francisco Bay Area Vaccines COVID-19 vaccine intention race–ethnicity mediators LASSO |
| title | Race-ethnicity and COVID-19 Vaccination Beliefs and Intentions: A Cross-Sectional Study among the General Population in the San Francisco Bay Area |
| title_full | Race-ethnicity and COVID-19 Vaccination Beliefs and Intentions: A Cross-Sectional Study among the General Population in the San Francisco Bay Area |
| title_fullStr | Race-ethnicity and COVID-19 Vaccination Beliefs and Intentions: A Cross-Sectional Study among the General Population in the San Francisco Bay Area |
| title_full_unstemmed | Race-ethnicity and COVID-19 Vaccination Beliefs and Intentions: A Cross-Sectional Study among the General Population in the San Francisco Bay Area |
| title_short | Race-ethnicity and COVID-19 Vaccination Beliefs and Intentions: A Cross-Sectional Study among the General Population in the San Francisco Bay Area |
| title_sort | race ethnicity and covid 19 vaccination beliefs and intentions a cross sectional study among the general population in the san francisco bay area |
| topic | COVID-19 vaccine intention race–ethnicity mediators LASSO |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/12/1406 |
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