Evaluating Water Level Changes at Different Tidal Phases Using UAV Photogrammetry and GNSS Vertical Data
Evaluating water level changes at intertidal zones is complicated because of dynamic tidal inundation. However, water level changes during different tidal phases could be evaluated using a digital surface model (DSM) captured by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with higher vertical accuracy provided by...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2019-08-01
|
| Series: | Sensors |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/17/3778 |
| _version_ | 1811277972221460480 |
|---|---|
| author | Norhafizi Mohamad Mohd Faisal Abdul Khanan Anuar Ahmad Ami Hassan Md Din Himan Shahabi |
| author_facet | Norhafizi Mohamad Mohd Faisal Abdul Khanan Anuar Ahmad Ami Hassan Md Din Himan Shahabi |
| author_sort | Norhafizi Mohamad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Evaluating water level changes at intertidal zones is complicated because of dynamic tidal inundation. However, water level changes during different tidal phases could be evaluated using a digital surface model (DSM) captured by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with higher vertical accuracy provided by a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Image acquisition using a multirotor UAV and vertical data collection from GNSS survey were conducted at Kilim River, Langkawi Island, Kedah, Malaysia during two different tidal phases, at high and low tides. Using the Structure from Motion (SFM) algorithm, a DSM and orthomosaics were produced as the main sources of data analysis. GNSS provided horizontal and vertical geo-referencing for both the DSM and orthomosaics during post-processing after field observation at the study area. The DSM vertical accuracy against the tidal data from a tide gauge was about 12.6 cm (0.126 m) for high tide and 34.5 cm (0.345 m) for low tide. Hence, the vertical accuracy of the DSM height is still within a tolerance of ±0.5 m (with GNSS positioning data). These results open new opportunities to explore more validation methods for water level changes using various aerial platforms besides Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and tidal data in the future. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T00:27:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0f00c32a0ae4478e9b3422146804f572 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T00:27:27Z |
| publishDate | 2019-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-0f00c32a0ae4478e9b3422146804f5722022-12-22T03:10:34ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202019-08-011917377810.3390/s19173778s19173778Evaluating Water Level Changes at Different Tidal Phases Using UAV Photogrammetry and GNSS Vertical DataNorhafizi Mohamad0Mohd Faisal Abdul Khanan1Anuar Ahmad2Ami Hassan Md Din3Himan Shahabi4Department of Geoinformation, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, MalaysiaDepartment of Geoinformation, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, MalaysiaDepartment of Geoinformation, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, MalaysiaDepartment of Geoinformation, Faculty of Built Environment and Surveying, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM), Johor Bahru 81310, MalaysiaDepartment of Geomorphology, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 66177-15175, IranEvaluating water level changes at intertidal zones is complicated because of dynamic tidal inundation. However, water level changes during different tidal phases could be evaluated using a digital surface model (DSM) captured by unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) with higher vertical accuracy provided by a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS). Image acquisition using a multirotor UAV and vertical data collection from GNSS survey were conducted at Kilim River, Langkawi Island, Kedah, Malaysia during two different tidal phases, at high and low tides. Using the Structure from Motion (SFM) algorithm, a DSM and orthomosaics were produced as the main sources of data analysis. GNSS provided horizontal and vertical geo-referencing for both the DSM and orthomosaics during post-processing after field observation at the study area. The DSM vertical accuracy against the tidal data from a tide gauge was about 12.6 cm (0.126 m) for high tide and 34.5 cm (0.345 m) for low tide. Hence, the vertical accuracy of the DSM height is still within a tolerance of ±0.5 m (with GNSS positioning data). These results open new opportunities to explore more validation methods for water level changes using various aerial platforms besides Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and tidal data in the future.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/17/3778water level changesUAV photogrammetrytidal phaseGNSSKilim River |
| spellingShingle | Norhafizi Mohamad Mohd Faisal Abdul Khanan Anuar Ahmad Ami Hassan Md Din Himan Shahabi Evaluating Water Level Changes at Different Tidal Phases Using UAV Photogrammetry and GNSS Vertical Data Sensors water level changes UAV photogrammetry tidal phase GNSS Kilim River |
| title | Evaluating Water Level Changes at Different Tidal Phases Using UAV Photogrammetry and GNSS Vertical Data |
| title_full | Evaluating Water Level Changes at Different Tidal Phases Using UAV Photogrammetry and GNSS Vertical Data |
| title_fullStr | Evaluating Water Level Changes at Different Tidal Phases Using UAV Photogrammetry and GNSS Vertical Data |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluating Water Level Changes at Different Tidal Phases Using UAV Photogrammetry and GNSS Vertical Data |
| title_short | Evaluating Water Level Changes at Different Tidal Phases Using UAV Photogrammetry and GNSS Vertical Data |
| title_sort | evaluating water level changes at different tidal phases using uav photogrammetry and gnss vertical data |
| topic | water level changes UAV photogrammetry tidal phase GNSS Kilim River |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/19/17/3778 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT norhafizimohamad evaluatingwaterlevelchangesatdifferenttidalphasesusinguavphotogrammetryandgnssverticaldata AT mohdfaisalabdulkhanan evaluatingwaterlevelchangesatdifferenttidalphasesusinguavphotogrammetryandgnssverticaldata AT anuarahmad evaluatingwaterlevelchangesatdifferenttidalphasesusinguavphotogrammetryandgnssverticaldata AT amihassanmddin evaluatingwaterlevelchangesatdifferenttidalphasesusinguavphotogrammetryandgnssverticaldata AT himanshahabi evaluatingwaterlevelchangesatdifferenttidalphasesusinguavphotogrammetryandgnssverticaldata |