A transition of atmospheric emissions of particles and gases from on-road heavy-duty trucks
<p>The transition, in extent and characteristics, of atmospheric emissions caused by the modernization of the heavy-duty on-road fleet was studied utilizing roadside measurements. Emissions of particle number (PN), particle mass (PM), black carbon (BC), nitrogen oxides (<span class="in...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2020-02-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/20/1701/2020/acp-20-1701-2020.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819065312246497280 |
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| author | L. Zhou Å. M. Hallquist M. Hallquist C. M. Salvador S. M. Gaita Å. Sjödin M. Jerksjö H. Salberg I. Wängberg J. Mellqvist Q. Liu B. P. Lee C. K. Chan |
| author_facet | L. Zhou Å. M. Hallquist M. Hallquist C. M. Salvador S. M. Gaita Å. Sjödin M. Jerksjö H. Salberg I. Wängberg J. Mellqvist Q. Liu B. P. Lee C. K. Chan |
| author_sort | L. Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>The transition, in extent and characteristics, of
atmospheric emissions caused by the modernization of the heavy-duty on-road
fleet was studied utilizing roadside measurements. Emissions of particle
number (PN), particle mass (PM), black carbon (BC), nitrogen oxides
(<span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span>), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), particle size
distributions, and particle volatility were measured from 556 individual
heavy-duty trucks (HDTs). Substantial reductions in PM, BC, <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span>, CO, and
to a lesser extent PN were observed from Euro III to Euro VI HDTs by 99 %,
98 %, 93 %, and 57 % for the average emission factors of PM, BC,
<span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span>, and CO, respectively. Despite significant total reductions in
<span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span> emissions, the fraction of <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub>2</sub></span> in the <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span> emissions
increased continuously from Euro IV to Euro VI HDTs. Larger data scattering
was evident for PN emissions in comparison to solid particle number (SPN)
for Euro VI HDTs, indicating a highly variable fraction of volatile particle
components. Particle size distributions of Euro III to enhanced environmentally friendly vehicle (EEV) HDTs were
bimodal, whereas those of Euro VI HDTs were nucleation mode dominated. High
emitters disproportionately contributed to a large fraction of the total
emissions with the highest-emitting 10 % of HDTs in each pollutant
category being responsible for 65 % of total PM, 70 % of total PN, and
44 % of total <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span> emissions. Euro VI HDTs, which
accounted for 53 % of total kilometres driven by Swedish HDTs, were
estimated to only contribute to 2 %, 6 %, 12 %, and 47 % of PM, BC,
<span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span>, and PN emissions, respectively. A shift to a fleet dominated by Euro VI HDTs would
promote a transition of atmospheric emissions towards low PM, BC, <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span>,
and CO levels. Nonetheless, reducing PN, SPN, and <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub>2</sub></span> emissions from
Euro VI HDTs is still important to improve air quality in urban
environments.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T15:44:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0f097df229034caf801061ac59d22edd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T15:44:28Z |
| publishDate | 2020-02-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0f097df229034caf801061ac59d22edd2022-12-21T18:58:24ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242020-02-01201701172210.5194/acp-20-1701-2020A transition of atmospheric emissions of particles and gases from on-road heavy-duty trucksL. Zhou0Å. M. Hallquist1M. Hallquist2C. M. Salvador3S. M. Gaita4Å. Sjödin5M. Jerksjö6H. Salberg7I. Wängberg8J. Mellqvist9Q. Liu10B. P. Lee11C. K. Chan12School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaIVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Gothenburg, SwedenDepartment of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenDepartment of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenDepartment of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenIVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Gothenburg, SwedenIVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Gothenburg, SwedenIVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Gothenburg, SwedenIVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, Gothenburg, SwedenEarth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, SwedenSchool of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaSchool of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, ChinaSchool of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China<p>The transition, in extent and characteristics, of atmospheric emissions caused by the modernization of the heavy-duty on-road fleet was studied utilizing roadside measurements. Emissions of particle number (PN), particle mass (PM), black carbon (BC), nitrogen oxides (<span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span>), carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC), particle size distributions, and particle volatility were measured from 556 individual heavy-duty trucks (HDTs). Substantial reductions in PM, BC, <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span>, CO, and to a lesser extent PN were observed from Euro III to Euro VI HDTs by 99 %, 98 %, 93 %, and 57 % for the average emission factors of PM, BC, <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span>, and CO, respectively. Despite significant total reductions in <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span> emissions, the fraction of <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub>2</sub></span> in the <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span> emissions increased continuously from Euro IV to Euro VI HDTs. Larger data scattering was evident for PN emissions in comparison to solid particle number (SPN) for Euro VI HDTs, indicating a highly variable fraction of volatile particle components. Particle size distributions of Euro III to enhanced environmentally friendly vehicle (EEV) HDTs were bimodal, whereas those of Euro VI HDTs were nucleation mode dominated. High emitters disproportionately contributed to a large fraction of the total emissions with the highest-emitting 10 % of HDTs in each pollutant category being responsible for 65 % of total PM, 70 % of total PN, and 44 % of total <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span> emissions. Euro VI HDTs, which accounted for 53 % of total kilometres driven by Swedish HDTs, were estimated to only contribute to 2 %, 6 %, 12 %, and 47 % of PM, BC, <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span>, and PN emissions, respectively. A shift to a fleet dominated by Euro VI HDTs would promote a transition of atmospheric emissions towards low PM, BC, <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub><i>x</i></sub></span>, and CO levels. Nonetheless, reducing PN, SPN, and <span class="inline-formula">NO<sub>2</sub></span> emissions from Euro VI HDTs is still important to improve air quality in urban environments.</p>https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/20/1701/2020/acp-20-1701-2020.pdf |
| spellingShingle | L. Zhou Å. M. Hallquist M. Hallquist C. M. Salvador S. M. Gaita Å. Sjödin M. Jerksjö H. Salberg I. Wängberg J. Mellqvist Q. Liu B. P. Lee C. K. Chan A transition of atmospheric emissions of particles and gases from on-road heavy-duty trucks Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | A transition of atmospheric emissions of particles and gases from on-road heavy-duty trucks |
| title_full | A transition of atmospheric emissions of particles and gases from on-road heavy-duty trucks |
| title_fullStr | A transition of atmospheric emissions of particles and gases from on-road heavy-duty trucks |
| title_full_unstemmed | A transition of atmospheric emissions of particles and gases from on-road heavy-duty trucks |
| title_short | A transition of atmospheric emissions of particles and gases from on-road heavy-duty trucks |
| title_sort | transition of atmospheric emissions of particles and gases from on road heavy duty trucks |
| url | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/20/1701/2020/acp-20-1701-2020.pdf |
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