Epigenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Chemoresistant High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer
High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common ovarian cancer subtype, and the overall survival rate has not improved in the last three decades. Currently, most patients develop recurrent disease within 3 years and succumb to the disease within 5 years. This is an important area of rese...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/23/5993 |
| _version_ | 1797507963057864704 |
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| author | Bayley G. Matthews Nikola A. Bowden Michelle W. Wong-Brown |
| author_facet | Bayley G. Matthews Nikola A. Bowden Michelle W. Wong-Brown |
| author_sort | Bayley G. Matthews |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common ovarian cancer subtype, and the overall survival rate has not improved in the last three decades. Currently, most patients develop recurrent disease within 3 years and succumb to the disease within 5 years. This is an important area of research, as the major obstacle to the treatment of HGSOC is the development of resistance to platinum chemotherapy. The cause of chemoresistance is still largely unknown and may be due to epigenetics modifications that are driving HGSOC metastasis and treatment resistance. The identification of epigenetic changes in chemoresistant HGSOC enables the development of epigenetic modulating drugs that may be used to improve outcomes. Several epigenetic modulating drugs have displayed promise as drug targets for HGSOC, such as demethylating agents azacitidine and decitabine. Others, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors and miRNA-targeting therapies, demonstrated promising preclinical results but resulted in off-target side effects in clinical trials. This article reviews the epigenetic modifications identified in chemoresistant HGSOC and clinical trials utilizing epigenetic therapies in HGSOC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:55:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0f10e4c80b964e129987faff3c5ccb4e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T04:55:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-0f10e4c80b964e129987faff3c5ccb4e2023-11-23T02:12:45ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942021-11-011323599310.3390/cancers13235993Epigenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Chemoresistant High-Grade Serous Ovarian CancerBayley G. Matthews0Nikola A. Bowden1Michelle W. Wong-Brown2Centre for Drug Repurposing and Medicines Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2289, AustraliaCentre for Drug Repurposing and Medicines Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2289, AustraliaCentre for Drug Repurposing and Medicines Research, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW 2289, AustraliaHigh-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is the most common ovarian cancer subtype, and the overall survival rate has not improved in the last three decades. Currently, most patients develop recurrent disease within 3 years and succumb to the disease within 5 years. This is an important area of research, as the major obstacle to the treatment of HGSOC is the development of resistance to platinum chemotherapy. The cause of chemoresistance is still largely unknown and may be due to epigenetics modifications that are driving HGSOC metastasis and treatment resistance. The identification of epigenetic changes in chemoresistant HGSOC enables the development of epigenetic modulating drugs that may be used to improve outcomes. Several epigenetic modulating drugs have displayed promise as drug targets for HGSOC, such as demethylating agents azacitidine and decitabine. Others, such as histone deacetylase inhibitors and miRNA-targeting therapies, demonstrated promising preclinical results but resulted in off-target side effects in clinical trials. This article reviews the epigenetic modifications identified in chemoresistant HGSOC and clinical trials utilizing epigenetic therapies in HGSOC.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/23/5993high-grade serous ovarian cancerchemoresistanceepigenetic modificationsDNA methylationhistone acetylationmicroRNA |
| spellingShingle | Bayley G. Matthews Nikola A. Bowden Michelle W. Wong-Brown Epigenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Chemoresistant High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer Cancers high-grade serous ovarian cancer chemoresistance epigenetic modifications DNA methylation histone acetylation microRNA |
| title | Epigenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Chemoresistant High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer |
| title_full | Epigenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Chemoresistant High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer |
| title_fullStr | Epigenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Chemoresistant High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Epigenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Chemoresistant High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer |
| title_short | Epigenetic Mechanisms and Therapeutic Targets in Chemoresistant High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer |
| title_sort | epigenetic mechanisms and therapeutic targets in chemoresistant high grade serous ovarian cancer |
| topic | high-grade serous ovarian cancer chemoresistance epigenetic modifications DNA methylation histone acetylation microRNA |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/23/5993 |
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