The Relationship Between the Level of Copper, Lead, Mercury and Autism Disorders: A Meta-Analysis
Hamed Jafari Mohammadabadi1 *,* Aryoobarzan Rahmatian2 *,* Fatemeh Sayehmiri,3 Mohammad Rafiei4 1School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran; 2Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; 3Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shah...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Dove Medical Press
2020-09-01
|
| Series: | Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/the-relationship-between-the-level-of-copper-lead-mercury-and-autism-d-peer-reviewed-article-PHMT |
| _version_ | 1819037056607715328 |
|---|---|
| author | Jafari Mohammadabadi H Rahmatian A Sayehmiri F Rafiei M |
| author_facet | Jafari Mohammadabadi H Rahmatian A Sayehmiri F Rafiei M |
| author_sort | Jafari Mohammadabadi H |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hamed Jafari Mohammadabadi1 *,* Aryoobarzan Rahmatian2 *,* Fatemeh Sayehmiri,3 Mohammad Rafiei4 1School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran; 2Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; 3Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Mohammad RafieiDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak 3819693345, IranTel +98 1988637445Email rafeie@arakmu.ac.irBackground and Objectives: There is a likelihood of a possible relationship between the concentrations of copper, lead, and mercury and autism. The present review was carried out to determine the relationship between the concentrations of these elements and autism by meta-analysis.Methods: In this study, searching Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct databases, 18 articles conducted in different countries from 1982 to 2019 were collected. Studies’ heterogeneity was investigated using the I2 index. The data were analyzed using R and STATA software.Results: In these 18 studies, 1797 patients (981 cases and 816 controls) aged 2 to 16 years were examined. Concentration of the samples (blood, hair, and nails) for both case and control groups was evaluated. There was no significant relationship between copper concentration and autism (SMD (95% CI): 0.02 (− 1.16,1.20); I2=97.7%; P=0.972); there was a significant relationship between mercury concentration and autism (SMD (95% CI): 1.96 (0.56,3.35); I2=98.6%; P=0.006); there was also a significant relationship between lead concentration and autism (SMD (95% CI): 2.81 (1.64,3.98); I2=97.8%; P=0.000).Conclusion: There is, nevertheless, a significant relationship between mercury concentration and autism. Thus, the concentration of mercury can be listed as a pathogenic cause (disease-causing) for autism.Keywords: autism, copper, lead, mercury, meta-analysis |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T08:15:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0f200996a7784f0a99918633c868b671 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1179-9927 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T08:15:21Z |
| publishDate | 2020-09-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-0f200996a7784f0a99918633c868b6712022-12-21T19:10:34ZengDove Medical PressPediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics1179-99272020-09-01Volume 1136937857192The Relationship Between the Level of Copper, Lead, Mercury and Autism Disorders: A Meta-AnalysisJafari Mohammadabadi HRahmatian ASayehmiri FRafiei MHamed Jafari Mohammadabadi1 *,* Aryoobarzan Rahmatian2 *,* Fatemeh Sayehmiri,3 Mohammad Rafiei4 1School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Fars, Iran; 2Faculty of Medicine, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran; 3Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; 4Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Mohammad RafieiDepartment of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak 3819693345, IranTel +98 1988637445Email rafeie@arakmu.ac.irBackground and Objectives: There is a likelihood of a possible relationship between the concentrations of copper, lead, and mercury and autism. The present review was carried out to determine the relationship between the concentrations of these elements and autism by meta-analysis.Methods: In this study, searching Scopus, PubMed, and Science Direct databases, 18 articles conducted in different countries from 1982 to 2019 were collected. Studies’ heterogeneity was investigated using the I2 index. The data were analyzed using R and STATA software.Results: In these 18 studies, 1797 patients (981 cases and 816 controls) aged 2 to 16 years were examined. Concentration of the samples (blood, hair, and nails) for both case and control groups was evaluated. There was no significant relationship between copper concentration and autism (SMD (95% CI): 0.02 (− 1.16,1.20); I2=97.7%; P=0.972); there was a significant relationship between mercury concentration and autism (SMD (95% CI): 1.96 (0.56,3.35); I2=98.6%; P=0.006); there was also a significant relationship between lead concentration and autism (SMD (95% CI): 2.81 (1.64,3.98); I2=97.8%; P=0.000).Conclusion: There is, nevertheless, a significant relationship between mercury concentration and autism. Thus, the concentration of mercury can be listed as a pathogenic cause (disease-causing) for autism.Keywords: autism, copper, lead, mercury, meta-analysishttps://www.dovepress.com/the-relationship-between-the-level-of-copper-lead-mercury-and-autism-d-peer-reviewed-article-PHMTautismcopperleadmercurymeta-analysis |
| spellingShingle | Jafari Mohammadabadi H Rahmatian A Sayehmiri F Rafiei M The Relationship Between the Level of Copper, Lead, Mercury and Autism Disorders: A Meta-Analysis Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics autism copper lead mercury meta-analysis |
| title | The Relationship Between the Level of Copper, Lead, Mercury and Autism Disorders: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_full | The Relationship Between the Level of Copper, Lead, Mercury and Autism Disorders: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_fullStr | The Relationship Between the Level of Copper, Lead, Mercury and Autism Disorders: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Relationship Between the Level of Copper, Lead, Mercury and Autism Disorders: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_short | The Relationship Between the Level of Copper, Lead, Mercury and Autism Disorders: A Meta-Analysis |
| title_sort | relationship between the level of copper lead mercury and autism disorders a meta analysis |
| topic | autism copper lead mercury meta-analysis |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/the-relationship-between-the-level-of-copper-lead-mercury-and-autism-d-peer-reviewed-article-PHMT |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jafarimohammadabadih therelationshipbetweenthelevelofcopperleadmercuryandautismdisordersametaanalysis AT rahmatiana therelationshipbetweenthelevelofcopperleadmercuryandautismdisordersametaanalysis AT sayehmirif therelationshipbetweenthelevelofcopperleadmercuryandautismdisordersametaanalysis AT rafieim therelationshipbetweenthelevelofcopperleadmercuryandautismdisordersametaanalysis AT jafarimohammadabadih relationshipbetweenthelevelofcopperleadmercuryandautismdisordersametaanalysis AT rahmatiana relationshipbetweenthelevelofcopperleadmercuryandautismdisordersametaanalysis AT sayehmirif relationshipbetweenthelevelofcopperleadmercuryandautismdisordersametaanalysis AT rafieim relationshipbetweenthelevelofcopperleadmercuryandautismdisordersametaanalysis |