Lycoperoside H, a Tomato Seed Saponin, Improves Epidermal Dehydration by Increasing Ceramide in the Stratum Corneum and Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Effect
Tomatoes are widely consumed, however, studies on tomato seeds are limited. In this study, we isolated 11 compounds including saponins and flavonol glycosides from tomato seeds and evaluated their effects on epidermal hydration. Among the isolated compounds, tomato seed saponins (10 µM) significantl...
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/19/5860 |
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| author | Shogo Takeda Kenchi Miyasaka Sarita Shrestha Yoshiaki Manse Toshio Morikawa Hiroshi Shimoda |
| author_facet | Shogo Takeda Kenchi Miyasaka Sarita Shrestha Yoshiaki Manse Toshio Morikawa Hiroshi Shimoda |
| author_sort | Shogo Takeda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tomatoes are widely consumed, however, studies on tomato seeds are limited. In this study, we isolated 11 compounds including saponins and flavonol glycosides from tomato seeds and evaluated their effects on epidermal hydration. Among the isolated compounds, tomato seed saponins (10 µM) significantly increased the mRNA expression of proteins related to epidermal hydration, including filaggrin, involucrin, and enzymes for ceramide synthesis, by 1.32- to 1.91-fold compared with the control in HaCaT cells. Tomato seed saponins (10 µM) also decreased transepidermal water loss by 7 to 13 g/m<sup>2</sup>·h in the reconstructed human epidermal keratinization (RHEK) models. Quantitative analysis of the ceramide content in the stratum corneum (SC) revealed that lycoperoside H (1–10 µM) is a promising candidate to stimulate ceramide synthesis via the upregulation of ceramide synthase-3, glucosylceramide synthase, and β-glucocerebrosidase, which led to an increase in the total SC ceramides (approximately 1.5-fold) in concert with ceramide (NP) (approximately 2-fold) in the RHEK models. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects of lycoperoside H demonstrated that lycoperoside H is suggested to act as a partial agonist of the glucocorticoid receptor and exhibits anti-inflammatory effects (10 mg/kg in animal test). These findings indicate that lycoperoside H can improve epidermal dehydration and suppress inflammation by increasing SC ceramide and steroidal anti-inflammatory activity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:54:40Z |
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| id | doaj.art-0f2404af36c64535968bd564c5b252e7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:54:40Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-0f2404af36c64535968bd564c5b252e72023-11-22T16:33:44ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-09-012619586010.3390/molecules26195860Lycoperoside H, a Tomato Seed Saponin, Improves Epidermal Dehydration by Increasing Ceramide in the Stratum Corneum and Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory EffectShogo Takeda0Kenchi Miyasaka1Sarita Shrestha2Yoshiaki Manse3Toshio Morikawa4Hiroshi Shimoda5Research and Development Division, Oryza Oil and Fat Chemical Co., Ltd., 1 Numata, Kitagata-cho, Ichinomiya 493-8001, Aichi, JapanResearch and Development Division, Oryza Oil and Fat Chemical Co., Ltd., 1 Numata, Kitagata-cho, Ichinomiya 493-8001, Aichi, JapanPharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka 577-8502, Osaka, JapanPharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka 577-8502, Osaka, JapanPharmaceutical Research and Technology Institute, Kindai University, 3-4-1 Kowakae, Higashi-osaka 577-8502, Osaka, JapanResearch and Development Division, Oryza Oil and Fat Chemical Co., Ltd., 1 Numata, Kitagata-cho, Ichinomiya 493-8001, Aichi, JapanTomatoes are widely consumed, however, studies on tomato seeds are limited. In this study, we isolated 11 compounds including saponins and flavonol glycosides from tomato seeds and evaluated their effects on epidermal hydration. Among the isolated compounds, tomato seed saponins (10 µM) significantly increased the mRNA expression of proteins related to epidermal hydration, including filaggrin, involucrin, and enzymes for ceramide synthesis, by 1.32- to 1.91-fold compared with the control in HaCaT cells. Tomato seed saponins (10 µM) also decreased transepidermal water loss by 7 to 13 g/m<sup>2</sup>·h in the reconstructed human epidermal keratinization (RHEK) models. Quantitative analysis of the ceramide content in the stratum corneum (SC) revealed that lycoperoside H (1–10 µM) is a promising candidate to stimulate ceramide synthesis via the upregulation of ceramide synthase-3, glucosylceramide synthase, and β-glucocerebrosidase, which led to an increase in the total SC ceramides (approximately 1.5-fold) in concert with ceramide (NP) (approximately 2-fold) in the RHEK models. Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects of lycoperoside H demonstrated that lycoperoside H is suggested to act as a partial agonist of the glucocorticoid receptor and exhibits anti-inflammatory effects (10 mg/kg in animal test). These findings indicate that lycoperoside H can improve epidermal dehydration and suppress inflammation by increasing SC ceramide and steroidal anti-inflammatory activity.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/19/5860tomato seedlycoperosidesteroidal saponinceramidetransepidermal water lossanti-inflammation |
| spellingShingle | Shogo Takeda Kenchi Miyasaka Sarita Shrestha Yoshiaki Manse Toshio Morikawa Hiroshi Shimoda Lycoperoside H, a Tomato Seed Saponin, Improves Epidermal Dehydration by Increasing Ceramide in the Stratum Corneum and Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Effect Molecules tomato seed lycoperoside steroidal saponin ceramide transepidermal water loss anti-inflammation |
| title | Lycoperoside H, a Tomato Seed Saponin, Improves Epidermal Dehydration by Increasing Ceramide in the Stratum Corneum and Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Effect |
| title_full | Lycoperoside H, a Tomato Seed Saponin, Improves Epidermal Dehydration by Increasing Ceramide in the Stratum Corneum and Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Effect |
| title_fullStr | Lycoperoside H, a Tomato Seed Saponin, Improves Epidermal Dehydration by Increasing Ceramide in the Stratum Corneum and Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Effect |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lycoperoside H, a Tomato Seed Saponin, Improves Epidermal Dehydration by Increasing Ceramide in the Stratum Corneum and Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Effect |
| title_short | Lycoperoside H, a Tomato Seed Saponin, Improves Epidermal Dehydration by Increasing Ceramide in the Stratum Corneum and Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Effect |
| title_sort | lycoperoside h a tomato seed saponin improves epidermal dehydration by increasing ceramide in the stratum corneum and steroidal anti inflammatory effect |
| topic | tomato seed lycoperoside steroidal saponin ceramide transepidermal water loss anti-inflammation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/19/5860 |
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