Mastitis on selected farms in Wakiso district, Uganda: Burden, pathogens and predictors of infectivity of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in dairy herds
Abstract Background Mastitis and associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are major challenges to the dairy industry worldwide. Objective This study aimed to expose the mastitis burden, causative bacteria and drivers for mastitis‐causing multi‐drug‐resistant (MDR) Staphylococci infectivity in cows...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Medicine and Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1234 |
| _version_ | 1797681004267175936 |
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| author | Steven Kakooza Francis Mutebi Paul Ssajjakambwe Eddie Wampande Esther Nabatta Collins Atuheire Sayaka Tsuchida Torahiko Okubo Kazunari Ushida John Baligwamunsi Kaneene |
| author_facet | Steven Kakooza Francis Mutebi Paul Ssajjakambwe Eddie Wampande Esther Nabatta Collins Atuheire Sayaka Tsuchida Torahiko Okubo Kazunari Ushida John Baligwamunsi Kaneene |
| author_sort | Steven Kakooza |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Mastitis and associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are major challenges to the dairy industry worldwide. Objective This study aimed to expose the mastitis burden, causative bacteria and drivers for mastitis‐causing multi‐drug‐resistant (MDR) Staphylococci infectivity in cows on dairy farms in Wakiso district, Uganda. Methods On 22 farms, practices were documented using questionnaires, and 175 cows were screened by the California mastitis test. Composite milk samples from the positive reactors were submitted to the laboratory for bacterial culture testing. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was done only on Staphylococci with a panel of 10 antimicrobials of clinical relevance. Results Mastitis was detected in 80.6% (n = 141) of the 175 sampled cows, of which sub‐clinical mastitis (76.0%: n = 133) was predominant. The Chi‐squared analysis hypothesized that cow age (p = 0.017), sub‐county (p = 0.013), parity (p < 0.0001), sex of farm owner (p = 0.003), farm duration in dairy production (p = 0.048) and the use of milking salve (p = 0.006) were associated with mastitis. Coagulase‐negative Staphylococci were the most prevalent (71.4%; n = 95), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (30.1%, n = 40). Staphylococci (76.3%; n = 135) were majorly resistant to penicillin and tetracycline. Only one isolate was phenotyped as a methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus specie (MRSS). The prevalences of MDR strains at cow and isolate level were 6.3% and 8.3%. The major MDR phenotype identified was penicillin–tetracycline–trimethoprim‐sulphamethoxazole. The isolate detected as an MRSS exhibited the broadest MDR pattern. Cow parity was identified as a predictor of infectivity of mastitis‐causing MDR Staphylococci in dairy herds. Conclusion The high prevalence of mastitis and associated pathogen AMR found exposes possibilities of economic losses for the dairy sector warranting the need for farmer sensitization on the institution of proper mastitis prevention and control programs, with emphasis on milking hygiene practices and routine disease monitoring. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T23:38:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0f27fc7789594e67aed9eab8323456a9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2053-1095 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T23:38:36Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
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| series | Veterinary Medicine and Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-0f27fc7789594e67aed9eab8323456a92023-09-19T16:49:28ZengWileyVeterinary Medicine and Science2053-10952023-09-01952376238510.1002/vms3.1234Mastitis on selected farms in Wakiso district, Uganda: Burden, pathogens and predictors of infectivity of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in dairy herdsSteven Kakooza0Francis Mutebi1Paul Ssajjakambwe2Eddie Wampande3Esther Nabatta4Collins Atuheire5Sayaka Tsuchida6Torahiko Okubo7Kazunari Ushida8John Baligwamunsi Kaneene9Central Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University KampalaUgandaCentral Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University KampalaUgandaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University KampalaUgandaCentral Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University KampalaUgandaCentral Diagnostic Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University KampalaUgandaCollege of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University KampalaUgandaAcademy of Emerging SciencesChubu UniversityKasugaiAichiJapanDepartment of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences Hokkaido University Graduate School of Health Sciences SapporoHokkaidoJapanAcademy of Emerging SciencesChubu UniversityKasugaiAichiJapanCenter for Comparative Epidemiology Michigan State University East LansingMichiganUSAAbstract Background Mastitis and associated antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are major challenges to the dairy industry worldwide. Objective This study aimed to expose the mastitis burden, causative bacteria and drivers for mastitis‐causing multi‐drug‐resistant (MDR) Staphylococci infectivity in cows on dairy farms in Wakiso district, Uganda. Methods On 22 farms, practices were documented using questionnaires, and 175 cows were screened by the California mastitis test. Composite milk samples from the positive reactors were submitted to the laboratory for bacterial culture testing. Antimicrobial sensitivity testing by the Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method was done only on Staphylococci with a panel of 10 antimicrobials of clinical relevance. Results Mastitis was detected in 80.6% (n = 141) of the 175 sampled cows, of which sub‐clinical mastitis (76.0%: n = 133) was predominant. The Chi‐squared analysis hypothesized that cow age (p = 0.017), sub‐county (p = 0.013), parity (p < 0.0001), sex of farm owner (p = 0.003), farm duration in dairy production (p = 0.048) and the use of milking salve (p = 0.006) were associated with mastitis. Coagulase‐negative Staphylococci were the most prevalent (71.4%; n = 95), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (30.1%, n = 40). Staphylococci (76.3%; n = 135) were majorly resistant to penicillin and tetracycline. Only one isolate was phenotyped as a methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus specie (MRSS). The prevalences of MDR strains at cow and isolate level were 6.3% and 8.3%. The major MDR phenotype identified was penicillin–tetracycline–trimethoprim‐sulphamethoxazole. The isolate detected as an MRSS exhibited the broadest MDR pattern. Cow parity was identified as a predictor of infectivity of mastitis‐causing MDR Staphylococci in dairy herds. Conclusion The high prevalence of mastitis and associated pathogen AMR found exposes possibilities of economic losses for the dairy sector warranting the need for farmer sensitization on the institution of proper mastitis prevention and control programs, with emphasis on milking hygiene practices and routine disease monitoring.https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1234antimicrobial resistancemastitisUganda |
| spellingShingle | Steven Kakooza Francis Mutebi Paul Ssajjakambwe Eddie Wampande Esther Nabatta Collins Atuheire Sayaka Tsuchida Torahiko Okubo Kazunari Ushida John Baligwamunsi Kaneene Mastitis on selected farms in Wakiso district, Uganda: Burden, pathogens and predictors of infectivity of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in dairy herds Veterinary Medicine and Science antimicrobial resistance mastitis Uganda |
| title | Mastitis on selected farms in Wakiso district, Uganda: Burden, pathogens and predictors of infectivity of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in dairy herds |
| title_full | Mastitis on selected farms in Wakiso district, Uganda: Burden, pathogens and predictors of infectivity of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in dairy herds |
| title_fullStr | Mastitis on selected farms in Wakiso district, Uganda: Burden, pathogens and predictors of infectivity of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in dairy herds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mastitis on selected farms in Wakiso district, Uganda: Burden, pathogens and predictors of infectivity of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in dairy herds |
| title_short | Mastitis on selected farms in Wakiso district, Uganda: Burden, pathogens and predictors of infectivity of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in dairy herds |
| title_sort | mastitis on selected farms in wakiso district uganda burden pathogens and predictors of infectivity of antimicrobial resistant bacteria in dairy herds |
| topic | antimicrobial resistance mastitis Uganda |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/vms3.1234 |
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