The synergistic effect of concomitant schistosomiasis, hookworm, and trichuris infections on children's anemia burden.
To estimate the degree of synergism between helminth species in their combined effects on anemia.Quantitative egg counts using the Kato-Katz method were determined for Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, and Schistosoma japonicum in 507 school-age children from helminth-endemic vill...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2008-06-01
|
| Series: | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2390851?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1818935447764598784 |
|---|---|
| author | Amara E Ezeamama Stephen T McGarvey Luz P Acosta Sally Zierler Daria L Manalo Hai-Wei Wu Jonathan D Kurtis Vincent Mor Remigio M Olveda Jennifer F Friedman |
| author_facet | Amara E Ezeamama Stephen T McGarvey Luz P Acosta Sally Zierler Daria L Manalo Hai-Wei Wu Jonathan D Kurtis Vincent Mor Remigio M Olveda Jennifer F Friedman |
| author_sort | Amara E Ezeamama |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | To estimate the degree of synergism between helminth species in their combined effects on anemia.Quantitative egg counts using the Kato-Katz method were determined for Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, and Schistosoma japonicum in 507 school-age children from helminth-endemic villages in The Philippines. Infection intensity was defined in three categories: uninfected, low, or moderate/high (M+). Anemia was defined as hemoglobin <11 g/dL. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and synergy index for pairs of concurrent infections.M+ co-infection of hookworm and S. japonicum (OR = 13.2, 95% CI: 3.82-45.5) and of hookworm and T. trichiura (OR = 5.34, 95% CI: 1.76-16.2) were associated with higher odds of anemia relative to children without respective M+ co-infections. For co-infections of hookworm and S. japonicum and of T. trichiura and hookworm, the estimated indices of synergy were 2.9 (95% CI: 1.1-4.6) and 1.4 (95% CI: 0.9-2.0), respectively.Co-infections of hookworm and either S. japonicum or T. trichiura were associated with higher levels of anemia than would be expected if the effects of these species had only independent effects on anemia. This suggests that integrated anti-helminthic treatment programs with simultaneous deworming for S. japonicum and some geohelminths could yield a greater than additive benefit for reducing anemia in helminth-endemic regions. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T05:20:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0f2c5ad113f140be9caf836d159896af |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1935-2727 1935-2735 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T05:20:19Z |
| publishDate | 2008-06-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-0f2c5ad113f140be9caf836d159896af2022-12-21T19:52:02ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases1935-27271935-27352008-06-0126e24510.1371/journal.pntd.0000245The synergistic effect of concomitant schistosomiasis, hookworm, and trichuris infections on children's anemia burden.Amara E EzeamamaStephen T McGarveyLuz P AcostaSally ZierlerDaria L ManaloHai-Wei WuJonathan D KurtisVincent MorRemigio M OlvedaJennifer F FriedmanTo estimate the degree of synergism between helminth species in their combined effects on anemia.Quantitative egg counts using the Kato-Katz method were determined for Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Trichuris trichiura, and Schistosoma japonicum in 507 school-age children from helminth-endemic villages in The Philippines. Infection intensity was defined in three categories: uninfected, low, or moderate/high (M+). Anemia was defined as hemoglobin <11 g/dL. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI), and synergy index for pairs of concurrent infections.M+ co-infection of hookworm and S. japonicum (OR = 13.2, 95% CI: 3.82-45.5) and of hookworm and T. trichiura (OR = 5.34, 95% CI: 1.76-16.2) were associated with higher odds of anemia relative to children without respective M+ co-infections. For co-infections of hookworm and S. japonicum and of T. trichiura and hookworm, the estimated indices of synergy were 2.9 (95% CI: 1.1-4.6) and 1.4 (95% CI: 0.9-2.0), respectively.Co-infections of hookworm and either S. japonicum or T. trichiura were associated with higher levels of anemia than would be expected if the effects of these species had only independent effects on anemia. This suggests that integrated anti-helminthic treatment programs with simultaneous deworming for S. japonicum and some geohelminths could yield a greater than additive benefit for reducing anemia in helminth-endemic regions.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2390851?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Amara E Ezeamama Stephen T McGarvey Luz P Acosta Sally Zierler Daria L Manalo Hai-Wei Wu Jonathan D Kurtis Vincent Mor Remigio M Olveda Jennifer F Friedman The synergistic effect of concomitant schistosomiasis, hookworm, and trichuris infections on children's anemia burden. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases |
| title | The synergistic effect of concomitant schistosomiasis, hookworm, and trichuris infections on children's anemia burden. |
| title_full | The synergistic effect of concomitant schistosomiasis, hookworm, and trichuris infections on children's anemia burden. |
| title_fullStr | The synergistic effect of concomitant schistosomiasis, hookworm, and trichuris infections on children's anemia burden. |
| title_full_unstemmed | The synergistic effect of concomitant schistosomiasis, hookworm, and trichuris infections on children's anemia burden. |
| title_short | The synergistic effect of concomitant schistosomiasis, hookworm, and trichuris infections on children's anemia burden. |
| title_sort | synergistic effect of concomitant schistosomiasis hookworm and trichuris infections on children s anemia burden |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2390851?pdf=render |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT amaraeezeamama thesynergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT stephentmcgarvey thesynergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT luzpacosta thesynergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT sallyzierler thesynergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT darialmanalo thesynergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT haiweiwu thesynergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT jonathandkurtis thesynergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT vincentmor thesynergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT remigiomolveda thesynergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT jenniferffriedman thesynergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT amaraeezeamama synergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT stephentmcgarvey synergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT luzpacosta synergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT sallyzierler synergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT darialmanalo synergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT haiweiwu synergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT jonathandkurtis synergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT vincentmor synergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT remigiomolveda synergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden AT jenniferffriedman synergisticeffectofconcomitantschistosomiasishookwormandtrichurisinfectionsonchildrensanemiaburden |