Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro and In Vivo of a Sulfated Polysaccharide with Novel Structure from the Green Alga <i>Ulva</i><i>conglobata</i> Kjellman
Algae accumulate large amounts of polysaccharides in their cell walls or intercellular regions. Polysaccharides from algae possess high potential as promising candidates for marine drug development. In this study, a sulfated polysaccharide, UCP, from the green alga <i>Ulva conglobata</i>...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-07-01
|
| Series: | Marine Drugs |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/7/447 |
| _version_ | 1827605197575159808 |
|---|---|
| author | Sujian Cao Yajing Yang Shan Liu Zhuling Shao Xiao Chu Wenjun Mao |
| author_facet | Sujian Cao Yajing Yang Shan Liu Zhuling Shao Xiao Chu Wenjun Mao |
| author_sort | Sujian Cao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Algae accumulate large amounts of polysaccharides in their cell walls or intercellular regions. Polysaccharides from algae possess high potential as promising candidates for marine drug development. In this study, a sulfated polysaccharide, UCP, from the green alga <i>Ulva conglobata</i> Kjellman was obtained by water extraction, anion-exchange, and size-exclusion chromatography purification, and its structure was characterized by a combination of chemical and spectroscopic methods. UCP mainly consisted of →4)-α/β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-Rha<i>p</i>-(1→, →4)-β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-Xyl<i>p</i>-(1→ and →4)-β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-GlcA<i>p</i>-(1→ residues. Sulfate ester groups were substituted mainly at C-3 of →4)-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-Rha<i>p</i>-(1→ and C-2 of →4)-β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-Xyl<i>p</i>-(1→. Partial glycosylation was at C-2 of →4)-α-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-Rha<i>p</i>-(1→ residues. UCP possessed a potent immunomodulatory effect in vitro, evaluated by the assays of lymphocyte proliferation and macrophage phagocytosis. The immunomodulatory activity of UCP in vivo was further investigated using immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide. The results showed that UCP markedly increased the spleen and thymus indexes and ameliorated the cyclophosphamide-induced damage to the spleen and thymus. UCP could increase the levels of white blood cells, lymphocytes, and platelets, and improve the hematopoietic inhibition caused by cyclophosphamide. Moreover, UCP significantly promoted the secretions of the immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgE, and IgM. The data demonstrated that UCP is a novel sulfated polysaccharide and may be a promising immunomodulatory agent. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:17:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0f4c9ddc69fc4be783dcae26b9c8f6f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1660-3397 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:17:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Marine Drugs |
| spelling | doaj.art-0f4c9ddc69fc4be783dcae26b9c8f6f32023-12-03T11:51:40ZengMDPI AGMarine Drugs1660-33972022-07-0120744710.3390/md20070447Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro and In Vivo of a Sulfated Polysaccharide with Novel Structure from the Green Alga <i>Ulva</i><i>conglobata</i> KjellmanSujian Cao0Yajing Yang1Shan Liu2Zhuling Shao3Xiao Chu4Wenjun Mao5Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaKey Laboratory of Marine Drugs of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Glycoscience and Glycotechnology, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, ChinaAlgae accumulate large amounts of polysaccharides in their cell walls or intercellular regions. Polysaccharides from algae possess high potential as promising candidates for marine drug development. In this study, a sulfated polysaccharide, UCP, from the green alga <i>Ulva conglobata</i> Kjellman was obtained by water extraction, anion-exchange, and size-exclusion chromatography purification, and its structure was characterized by a combination of chemical and spectroscopic methods. UCP mainly consisted of →4)-α/β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-Rha<i>p</i>-(1→, →4)-β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-Xyl<i>p</i>-(1→ and →4)-β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-GlcA<i>p</i>-(1→ residues. Sulfate ester groups were substituted mainly at C-3 of →4)-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-Rha<i>p</i>-(1→ and C-2 of →4)-β-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-Xyl<i>p</i>-(1→. Partial glycosylation was at C-2 of →4)-α-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">l</span>-Rha<i>p</i>-(1→ residues. UCP possessed a potent immunomodulatory effect in vitro, evaluated by the assays of lymphocyte proliferation and macrophage phagocytosis. The immunomodulatory activity of UCP in vivo was further investigated using immunosuppressive mice induced by cyclophosphamide. The results showed that UCP markedly increased the spleen and thymus indexes and ameliorated the cyclophosphamide-induced damage to the spleen and thymus. UCP could increase the levels of white blood cells, lymphocytes, and platelets, and improve the hematopoietic inhibition caused by cyclophosphamide. Moreover, UCP significantly promoted the secretions of the immunoglobulin (Ig)G, IgE, and IgM. The data demonstrated that UCP is a novel sulfated polysaccharide and may be a promising immunomodulatory agent.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/7/447algasulfated polysaccharidestructural characteristicsimmunomodulatory activity |
| spellingShingle | Sujian Cao Yajing Yang Shan Liu Zhuling Shao Xiao Chu Wenjun Mao Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro and In Vivo of a Sulfated Polysaccharide with Novel Structure from the Green Alga <i>Ulva</i><i>conglobata</i> Kjellman Marine Drugs alga sulfated polysaccharide structural characteristics immunomodulatory activity |
| title | Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro and In Vivo of a Sulfated Polysaccharide with Novel Structure from the Green Alga <i>Ulva</i><i>conglobata</i> Kjellman |
| title_full | Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro and In Vivo of a Sulfated Polysaccharide with Novel Structure from the Green Alga <i>Ulva</i><i>conglobata</i> Kjellman |
| title_fullStr | Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro and In Vivo of a Sulfated Polysaccharide with Novel Structure from the Green Alga <i>Ulva</i><i>conglobata</i> Kjellman |
| title_full_unstemmed | Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro and In Vivo of a Sulfated Polysaccharide with Novel Structure from the Green Alga <i>Ulva</i><i>conglobata</i> Kjellman |
| title_short | Immunomodulatory Activity In Vitro and In Vivo of a Sulfated Polysaccharide with Novel Structure from the Green Alga <i>Ulva</i><i>conglobata</i> Kjellman |
| title_sort | immunomodulatory activity in vitro and in vivo of a sulfated polysaccharide with novel structure from the green alga i ulva i i conglobata i kjellman |
| topic | alga sulfated polysaccharide structural characteristics immunomodulatory activity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1660-3397/20/7/447 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT sujiancao immunomodulatoryactivityinvitroandinvivoofasulfatedpolysaccharidewithnovelstructurefromthegreenalgaiulvaiiconglobataikjellman AT yajingyang immunomodulatoryactivityinvitroandinvivoofasulfatedpolysaccharidewithnovelstructurefromthegreenalgaiulvaiiconglobataikjellman AT shanliu immunomodulatoryactivityinvitroandinvivoofasulfatedpolysaccharidewithnovelstructurefromthegreenalgaiulvaiiconglobataikjellman AT zhulingshao immunomodulatoryactivityinvitroandinvivoofasulfatedpolysaccharidewithnovelstructurefromthegreenalgaiulvaiiconglobataikjellman AT xiaochu immunomodulatoryactivityinvitroandinvivoofasulfatedpolysaccharidewithnovelstructurefromthegreenalgaiulvaiiconglobataikjellman AT wenjunmao immunomodulatoryactivityinvitroandinvivoofasulfatedpolysaccharidewithnovelstructurefromthegreenalgaiulvaiiconglobataikjellman |