Multifunctional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Damage Detection and Memory
Self-structural health monitoring (SHM) functionalities for fiber-reinforced polymer composites have become highly sought after to ensure the structural safety of newly advancing components in the automotive, civil, mechanical, and aerospace industries. This paper introduces a self-damage detection...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-09-01
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| Series: | Journal of Composites Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/7/9/383 |
| _version_ | 1797579416440668160 |
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| author | Luke B. Demo Eleonora M. Tronci Maria Q. Feng |
| author_facet | Luke B. Demo Eleonora M. Tronci Maria Q. Feng |
| author_sort | Luke B. Demo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Self-structural health monitoring (SHM) functionalities for fiber-reinforced polymer composites have become highly sought after to ensure the structural safety of newly advancing components in the automotive, civil, mechanical, and aerospace industries. This paper introduces a self-damage detection and memory (SDDM) hybrid composite material, where the structural carbon fiber tow is transformed into a piezoresistive sensor network, and the structural glass fiber operates as electrical insulation. In this study, SDDM specimens were fabricated, and tensile and impact tests were performed. The tensile tests of SDDM specimens find two distinct loading peaks: first where the carbon fiber fails, and second where the glass fiber fails. A linear correlation was observed between the carbon fiber resistance and composite strain up to a threshold, beyond which a sharp nonlinear increase in resistance occurred. The resistance then approached infinity, coinciding with the first loading peak and failure of the carbon fiber elements. This demonstrates the potential for a damage early warning threshold. Additionally, the effect of stitching the sensor tow in a zig-zag pattern over a large area was investigated using tailored fiber placement (TFP) of 1-loop, 3-loop, and 5-loop specimens. Tensile testing found that increasing the number of loops improved the sensor’s accuracy for strain sensing. Furthermore, impact tests were conducted, and as the impact energy progressively increased, the sensor resistance permanently increased. This illustrates a capability for self-memory of microdamage throughout the life cycle of the structure, potentially useful for predicting the remaining life of the composite. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:35:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0f5ce9b276d24fe398b86a09ba563226 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2504-477X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T22:35:47Z |
| publishDate | 2023-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Composites Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-0f5ce9b276d24fe398b86a09ba5632262023-11-19T11:22:38ZengMDPI AGJournal of Composites Science2504-477X2023-09-017938310.3390/jcs7090383Multifunctional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Damage Detection and MemoryLuke B. Demo0Eleonora M. Tronci1Maria Q. Feng2Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USACivil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USACivil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USASelf-structural health monitoring (SHM) functionalities for fiber-reinforced polymer composites have become highly sought after to ensure the structural safety of newly advancing components in the automotive, civil, mechanical, and aerospace industries. This paper introduces a self-damage detection and memory (SDDM) hybrid composite material, where the structural carbon fiber tow is transformed into a piezoresistive sensor network, and the structural glass fiber operates as electrical insulation. In this study, SDDM specimens were fabricated, and tensile and impact tests were performed. The tensile tests of SDDM specimens find two distinct loading peaks: first where the carbon fiber fails, and second where the glass fiber fails. A linear correlation was observed between the carbon fiber resistance and composite strain up to a threshold, beyond which a sharp nonlinear increase in resistance occurred. The resistance then approached infinity, coinciding with the first loading peak and failure of the carbon fiber elements. This demonstrates the potential for a damage early warning threshold. Additionally, the effect of stitching the sensor tow in a zig-zag pattern over a large area was investigated using tailored fiber placement (TFP) of 1-loop, 3-loop, and 5-loop specimens. Tensile testing found that increasing the number of loops improved the sensor’s accuracy for strain sensing. Furthermore, impact tests were conducted, and as the impact energy progressively increased, the sensor resistance permanently increased. This illustrates a capability for self-memory of microdamage throughout the life cycle of the structure, potentially useful for predicting the remaining life of the composite.https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/7/9/383fiber-reinforced polymer compositescarbon fiber sensor towsmart materialdamage detectiondamage memory |
| spellingShingle | Luke B. Demo Eleonora M. Tronci Maria Q. Feng Multifunctional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Damage Detection and Memory Journal of Composites Science fiber-reinforced polymer composites carbon fiber sensor tow smart material damage detection damage memory |
| title | Multifunctional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Damage Detection and Memory |
| title_full | Multifunctional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Damage Detection and Memory |
| title_fullStr | Multifunctional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Damage Detection and Memory |
| title_full_unstemmed | Multifunctional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Damage Detection and Memory |
| title_short | Multifunctional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Composites for Damage Detection and Memory |
| title_sort | multifunctional fiber reinforced polymer composites for damage detection and memory |
| topic | fiber-reinforced polymer composites carbon fiber sensor tow smart material damage detection damage memory |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2504-477X/7/9/383 |
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