Lee wave detection over the Mediterranean Sea using the Advanced Infra-Red WAter Vapour Estimator (AIRWAVE) total column water vapour (TCWV) dataset
<p>Atmospheric gravity waves generated downstream by orography in a stratified airflow are known as lee waves. In the present study, such mesoscale patterns have been detected, over water and in clear-sky conditions, using the Advanced Infra-Red WAter Vapour Estimator (AIRWAVE) total column wa...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2019-12-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/12/6683/2019/amt-12-6683-2019.pdf |
| _version_ | 1828532144674177024 |
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| author | E. Papandrea E. Papandrea S. Casadio S. Casadio E. Castelli B. M. Dinelli M. M. Miglietta |
| author_facet | E. Papandrea E. Papandrea S. Casadio S. Casadio E. Castelli B. M. Dinelli M. M. Miglietta |
| author_sort | E. Papandrea |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Atmospheric gravity waves generated downstream by orography in a stratified airflow are known as lee waves. In the present study, such mesoscale patterns have been detected, over water and in clear-sky conditions, using the Advanced Infra-Red WAter Vapour Estimator (AIRWAVE) total column water vapour (TCWV) dataset, which contains about 20 years of day and night products, obtained from the thermal infrared measurements of the Along Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR) instrument series. The high accuracy of such data, along with the native 1 km<span class="inline-formula">×1</span> km spatial resolution, allows the investigation of small-scale features such as lee waves. In this work, we focused on the Mediterranean Sea, the largest semi-enclosed basin on the Earth. The peculiarities of this area, which is characterised by complex orography and rough coastlines, lead to the development of these structures over both land and sea. We developed an automatic tool for the rapid detection of areas with high probability of lee wave occurrence, exploiting the TCWV variability in spatial regions with a <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">0.15</mn><msup><mi/><mo>∘</mo></msup><mo>×</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">0.15</mn><msup><mi/><mo>∘</mo></msup></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="64pt" height="11pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="ee0891df08a2383d412e7b879dfcc029"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="amt-12-6683-2019-ie00001.svg" width="64pt" height="11pt" src="amt-12-6683-2019-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> area. Through this analysis, several occurrences of structures connected with lee waves have been observed. The waves are detected in spring, autumn and summer seasons, with TCWV values usually falling in the range of 15 to 35 kg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−2</sup></span>. In this article, we describe some cases over the central (Italy) and the Eastern Mediterranean Basin (Greece, Turkey and Cyprus). We compared a case of perturbed AIRWAVE TCWV fields due to lee waves occurring over the Tyrrhenian Sea on 18 July 1997 with the sea surface winds from the synthetic aperture radar (SAR), which sounded the same geographical area, finding a good agreement. Another case has been investigated in detail: on 2 August 2002 the Aegean Sea region was almost simultaneously sounded by both the second sensor of the ATSR series (ATSR-2) and the Advanced ATSR (AATSR) instruments. The AIRWAVE TCWV fields derived from the two sensors were successfully compared with the vertically integrated water vapour content simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) numerical model for the same time period, confirming our findings. Wave parameters such as amplitude, wavelength and phase are described through the use of the Morlet continuous wavelet transformation (CWT). The performed analysis derived typical wavelengths from 6 to 8 km and amplitudes of up to 20 kg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−2</sup></span>.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T22:48:06Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0f91c16ae29f46728c14dd19af992e1d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1867-1381 1867-8548 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T22:48:06Z |
| publishDate | 2019-12-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
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| series | Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
| spelling | doaj.art-0f91c16ae29f46728c14dd19af992e1d2022-12-22T00:47:32ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Measurement Techniques1867-13811867-85482019-12-01126683669310.5194/amt-12-6683-2019Lee wave detection over the Mediterranean Sea using the Advanced Infra-Red WAter Vapour Estimator (AIRWAVE) total column water vapour (TCWV) datasetE. Papandrea0E. Papandrea1S. Casadio2S. Casadio3E. Castelli4B. M. Dinelli5M. M. Miglietta6Serco Italia S.p.A., Via Sciadonna 24–26, 00044 Frascati, ItalyIstituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima, ISAC-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalySerco Italia S.p.A., Via Sciadonna 24–26, 00044 Frascati, ItalyEuropean Space Agency (ESA – ESRIN), Via Galileo Galilei 1, 00044 Frascati, ItalyIstituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima, ISAC-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyIstituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima, ISAC-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, ItalyIstituto di Scienze dell'Atmosfera e del Clima, ISAC-CNR, Via Gobetti 101, 40129 Bologna, Italy<p>Atmospheric gravity waves generated downstream by orography in a stratified airflow are known as lee waves. In the present study, such mesoscale patterns have been detected, over water and in clear-sky conditions, using the Advanced Infra-Red WAter Vapour Estimator (AIRWAVE) total column water vapour (TCWV) dataset, which contains about 20 years of day and night products, obtained from the thermal infrared measurements of the Along Track Scanning Radiometer (ATSR) instrument series. The high accuracy of such data, along with the native 1 km<span class="inline-formula">×1</span> km spatial resolution, allows the investigation of small-scale features such as lee waves. In this work, we focused on the Mediterranean Sea, the largest semi-enclosed basin on the Earth. The peculiarities of this area, which is characterised by complex orography and rough coastlines, lead to the development of these structures over both land and sea. We developed an automatic tool for the rapid detection of areas with high probability of lee wave occurrence, exploiting the TCWV variability in spatial regions with a <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><mn mathvariant="normal">0.15</mn><msup><mi/><mo>∘</mo></msup><mo>×</mo><mn mathvariant="normal">0.15</mn><msup><mi/><mo>∘</mo></msup></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="64pt" height="11pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="ee0891df08a2383d412e7b879dfcc029"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="amt-12-6683-2019-ie00001.svg" width="64pt" height="11pt" src="amt-12-6683-2019-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> area. Through this analysis, several occurrences of structures connected with lee waves have been observed. The waves are detected in spring, autumn and summer seasons, with TCWV values usually falling in the range of 15 to 35 kg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−2</sup></span>. In this article, we describe some cases over the central (Italy) and the Eastern Mediterranean Basin (Greece, Turkey and Cyprus). We compared a case of perturbed AIRWAVE TCWV fields due to lee waves occurring over the Tyrrhenian Sea on 18 July 1997 with the sea surface winds from the synthetic aperture radar (SAR), which sounded the same geographical area, finding a good agreement. Another case has been investigated in detail: on 2 August 2002 the Aegean Sea region was almost simultaneously sounded by both the second sensor of the ATSR series (ATSR-2) and the Advanced ATSR (AATSR) instruments. The AIRWAVE TCWV fields derived from the two sensors were successfully compared with the vertically integrated water vapour content simulated with the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) numerical model for the same time period, confirming our findings. Wave parameters such as amplitude, wavelength and phase are described through the use of the Morlet continuous wavelet transformation (CWT). The performed analysis derived typical wavelengths from 6 to 8 km and amplitudes of up to 20 kg m<span class="inline-formula"><sup>−2</sup></span>.</p>https://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/12/6683/2019/amt-12-6683-2019.pdf |
| spellingShingle | E. Papandrea E. Papandrea S. Casadio S. Casadio E. Castelli B. M. Dinelli M. M. Miglietta Lee wave detection over the Mediterranean Sea using the Advanced Infra-Red WAter Vapour Estimator (AIRWAVE) total column water vapour (TCWV) dataset Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
| title | Lee wave detection over the Mediterranean Sea using the Advanced Infra-Red WAter Vapour Estimator (AIRWAVE) total column water vapour (TCWV) dataset |
| title_full | Lee wave detection over the Mediterranean Sea using the Advanced Infra-Red WAter Vapour Estimator (AIRWAVE) total column water vapour (TCWV) dataset |
| title_fullStr | Lee wave detection over the Mediterranean Sea using the Advanced Infra-Red WAter Vapour Estimator (AIRWAVE) total column water vapour (TCWV) dataset |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lee wave detection over the Mediterranean Sea using the Advanced Infra-Red WAter Vapour Estimator (AIRWAVE) total column water vapour (TCWV) dataset |
| title_short | Lee wave detection over the Mediterranean Sea using the Advanced Infra-Red WAter Vapour Estimator (AIRWAVE) total column water vapour (TCWV) dataset |
| title_sort | lee wave detection over the mediterranean sea using the advanced infra red water vapour estimator airwave total column water vapour tcwv dataset |
| url | https://www.atmos-meas-tech.net/12/6683/2019/amt-12-6683-2019.pdf |
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