Dependence of Stellar Differential Rotation on Effective Temperature and Rotation: An Analysis from Starspot Transit Mapping
Stellar rotation is crucial for studying stellar evolution, since it provides information about age, angular momentum transfer, and magnetic fields of stars. In the case of the Sun, due to its proximity, detailed observation of sunspots at various latitudes and longitudes allows a precise estimation...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acfc1b |
| _version_ | 1827791179252498432 |
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| author | Alexandre Araújo Adriana Valio |
| author_facet | Alexandre Araújo Adriana Valio |
| author_sort | Alexandre Araújo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Stellar rotation is crucial for studying stellar evolution, since it provides information about age, angular momentum transfer, and magnetic fields of stars. In the case of the Sun, due to its proximity, detailed observation of sunspots at various latitudes and longitudes allows a precise estimation of the solar rotation period and its differential rotation. Here, we present for the first time an analysis of stellar differential rotation using starspot transit mapping as a means of detecting differential shear in solar-type and M stars. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between rotational shear, ΔΩ, and both the star's effective temperature ( T _eff ) and its average rotation period ( $\bar{{P}}$ ). We present differential rotation profiles derived from previously collected spot transit mapping data for 13 slowly rotating stars ( P _rot ≥ 4.5 days), with spectral types ranging from M to F, which were observed by the Kepler and CoRoT satellites. Our findings reveal a significant negative correlation between rotational shear and the mean period of stellar rotation (correlation coefficient of −0.77), which may be an indicator of stellar age. On the other hand, a weak correlation was observed between differential rotation and the effective temperature of the stars. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the complex relationship between stellar parameters and differential rotation, which may enhance our understanding of stellar evolution and magnetic dynamos. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T17:43:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0f9c9ad8fa654a0ab69c4151f1d0b6c1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T17:43:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-0f9c9ad8fa654a0ab69c4151f1d0b6c12023-10-18T08:42:51ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572023-01-01956214110.3847/1538-4357/acfc1bDependence of Stellar Differential Rotation on Effective Temperature and Rotation: An Analysis from Starspot Transit MappingAlexandre Araújo0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2106-4332Adriana Valio1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1671-8370Centro de Rádio Astronomia e Astrofísica Mackenzie, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie , Rua da Consolação, 860, São Paulo, SP, Brazil ; adesouza.astro@gmail.com, avalio@craam.mackenzie.brCentro de Rádio Astronomia e Astrofísica Mackenzie, Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie , Rua da Consolação, 860, São Paulo, SP, Brazil ; adesouza.astro@gmail.com, avalio@craam.mackenzie.brStellar rotation is crucial for studying stellar evolution, since it provides information about age, angular momentum transfer, and magnetic fields of stars. In the case of the Sun, due to its proximity, detailed observation of sunspots at various latitudes and longitudes allows a precise estimation of the solar rotation period and its differential rotation. Here, we present for the first time an analysis of stellar differential rotation using starspot transit mapping as a means of detecting differential shear in solar-type and M stars. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between rotational shear, ΔΩ, and both the star's effective temperature ( T _eff ) and its average rotation period ( $\bar{{P}}$ ). We present differential rotation profiles derived from previously collected spot transit mapping data for 13 slowly rotating stars ( P _rot ≥ 4.5 days), with spectral types ranging from M to F, which were observed by the Kepler and CoRoT satellites. Our findings reveal a significant negative correlation between rotational shear and the mean period of stellar rotation (correlation coefficient of −0.77), which may be an indicator of stellar age. On the other hand, a weak correlation was observed between differential rotation and the effective temperature of the stars. Overall, the study provides valuable insights into the complex relationship between stellar parameters and differential rotation, which may enhance our understanding of stellar evolution and magnetic dynamos.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acfc1bExoplanet astronomyStellar rotationStarspotsTransit photometry |
| spellingShingle | Alexandre Araújo Adriana Valio Dependence of Stellar Differential Rotation on Effective Temperature and Rotation: An Analysis from Starspot Transit Mapping The Astrophysical Journal Exoplanet astronomy Stellar rotation Starspots Transit photometry |
| title | Dependence of Stellar Differential Rotation on Effective Temperature and Rotation: An Analysis from Starspot Transit Mapping |
| title_full | Dependence of Stellar Differential Rotation on Effective Temperature and Rotation: An Analysis from Starspot Transit Mapping |
| title_fullStr | Dependence of Stellar Differential Rotation on Effective Temperature and Rotation: An Analysis from Starspot Transit Mapping |
| title_full_unstemmed | Dependence of Stellar Differential Rotation on Effective Temperature and Rotation: An Analysis from Starspot Transit Mapping |
| title_short | Dependence of Stellar Differential Rotation on Effective Temperature and Rotation: An Analysis from Starspot Transit Mapping |
| title_sort | dependence of stellar differential rotation on effective temperature and rotation an analysis from starspot transit mapping |
| topic | Exoplanet astronomy Stellar rotation Starspots Transit photometry |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acfc1b |
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