Developments in Vaccination for Herpes Simplex Virus
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is an alpha herpes virus, with two subtypes: HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections. It is the cause of severe neonatal infections and a leading cause of infectious blindness in the Western world. As of 2016, 13.2% of the global p...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.798927/full |
| _version_ | 1818398632735408128 |
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| author | Rohini Krishnan Patrick M. Stuart |
| author_facet | Rohini Krishnan Patrick M. Stuart |
| author_sort | Rohini Krishnan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is an alpha herpes virus, with two subtypes: HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections. It is the cause of severe neonatal infections and a leading cause of infectious blindness in the Western world. As of 2016, 13.2% of the global population ages 15–49 were existing with HSV-2 infection and 66.6% with HSV-1. This high prevalence of disease and the fact that resistance to current therapies is on the rise makes it imperative to develop and discover new methods of HSV prevention and management. Among the arsenal of therapies/treatments for this virus has been the development of a prophylactic or therapeutic vaccine to prevent the complications of HSV reactivation. Our current understanding of the immune responses involved in latency and reactivation provides a unique challenge to the development of vaccines. There are no approved vaccines currently available for either prophylaxis or therapy. However, there are various promising candidates in the pre-clinical and clinical phases of study. Vaccines are being developed with two broad focuses: preventative and therapeutic, some with a dual use as both immunotherapeutic and prophylactic. Within this article, we will review the current guidelines for the treatment of herpes simplex infections, our understanding of the immunological pathways involved, and novel vaccine candidates in development. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T07:07:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0fa51bded27f40a783f397911cf55b50 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T07:07:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0fa51bded27f40a783f397911cf55b502022-12-21T23:12:04ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2021-12-011210.3389/fmicb.2021.798927798927Developments in Vaccination for Herpes Simplex VirusRohini KrishnanPatrick M. StuartHerpes simplex virus (HSV) is an alpha herpes virus, with two subtypes: HSV-1 and HSV-2. HSV is one of the most prevalent sexually transmitted infections. It is the cause of severe neonatal infections and a leading cause of infectious blindness in the Western world. As of 2016, 13.2% of the global population ages 15–49 were existing with HSV-2 infection and 66.6% with HSV-1. This high prevalence of disease and the fact that resistance to current therapies is on the rise makes it imperative to develop and discover new methods of HSV prevention and management. Among the arsenal of therapies/treatments for this virus has been the development of a prophylactic or therapeutic vaccine to prevent the complications of HSV reactivation. Our current understanding of the immune responses involved in latency and reactivation provides a unique challenge to the development of vaccines. There are no approved vaccines currently available for either prophylaxis or therapy. However, there are various promising candidates in the pre-clinical and clinical phases of study. Vaccines are being developed with two broad focuses: preventative and therapeutic, some with a dual use as both immunotherapeutic and prophylactic. Within this article, we will review the current guidelines for the treatment of herpes simplex infections, our understanding of the immunological pathways involved, and novel vaccine candidates in development.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.798927/fullvaccinesherpes simplex virus type 1herpes simplex virus type 2mRNA vaccinelive attenuated vaccinesubunit vaccine |
| spellingShingle | Rohini Krishnan Patrick M. Stuart Developments in Vaccination for Herpes Simplex Virus Frontiers in Microbiology vaccines herpes simplex virus type 1 herpes simplex virus type 2 mRNA vaccine live attenuated vaccine subunit vaccine |
| title | Developments in Vaccination for Herpes Simplex Virus |
| title_full | Developments in Vaccination for Herpes Simplex Virus |
| title_fullStr | Developments in Vaccination for Herpes Simplex Virus |
| title_full_unstemmed | Developments in Vaccination for Herpes Simplex Virus |
| title_short | Developments in Vaccination for Herpes Simplex Virus |
| title_sort | developments in vaccination for herpes simplex virus |
| topic | vaccines herpes simplex virus type 1 herpes simplex virus type 2 mRNA vaccine live attenuated vaccine subunit vaccine |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.798927/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rohinikrishnan developmentsinvaccinationforherpessimplexvirus AT patrickmstuart developmentsinvaccinationforherpessimplexvirus |