Anomalous High Rainfall and Soil Saturation as Combined Risk Indicator of Rift Valley Fever Outbreaks, South Africa, 2008–2011
Rift Valley fever (RVF), a zoonotic vectorborne viral disease, causes loss of life among humans and livestock and an adverse effect on the economy of affected countries. Vaccination is the most effective way to protect livestock; however, during protracted interepidemic periods, farmers discontinue...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2016-12-01
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| Series: | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/22/12/15-1352_article |
| _version_ | 1818528816401743872 |
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| author | Roy Williams Johan Malherbe Harold Weepener Phelix Majiwa Robert Swanepoel |
| author_facet | Roy Williams Johan Malherbe Harold Weepener Phelix Majiwa Robert Swanepoel |
| author_sort | Roy Williams |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rift Valley fever (RVF), a zoonotic vectorborne viral disease, causes loss of life among humans and livestock and an adverse effect on the economy of affected countries. Vaccination is the most effective way to protect livestock; however, during protracted interepidemic periods, farmers discontinue vaccination, which leads to loss of herd immunity and heavy losses of livestock when subsequent outbreaks occur. Retrospective analysis of the 2008–2011 RVF epidemics in South Africa revealed a pattern of continuous and widespread seasonal rainfall causing substantial soil saturation followed by explicit rainfall events that flooded dambos (seasonally flooded depressions), triggering outbreaks of disease. Incorporation of rainfall and soil saturation data into a prediction model for major outbreaks of RVF resulted in the correctly identified risk in nearly 90% of instances at least 1 month before outbreaks occurred; all indications are that irrigation is of major importance in the remaining 10% of outbreaks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T06:54:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0fadd361de804dffb1581506be27ee2d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1080-6040 1080-6059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T06:54:56Z |
| publishDate | 2016-12-01 |
| publisher | Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Emerging Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-0fadd361de804dffb1581506be27ee2d2022-12-22T01:16:47ZengCenters for Disease Control and PreventionEmerging Infectious Diseases1080-60401080-60592016-12-0122122054206210.3201/eid2212.151352Anomalous High Rainfall and Soil Saturation as Combined Risk Indicator of Rift Valley Fever Outbreaks, South Africa, 2008–2011Roy WilliamsJohan MalherbeHarold WeepenerPhelix MajiwaRobert SwanepoelRift Valley fever (RVF), a zoonotic vectorborne viral disease, causes loss of life among humans and livestock and an adverse effect on the economy of affected countries. Vaccination is the most effective way to protect livestock; however, during protracted interepidemic periods, farmers discontinue vaccination, which leads to loss of herd immunity and heavy losses of livestock when subsequent outbreaks occur. Retrospective analysis of the 2008–2011 RVF epidemics in South Africa revealed a pattern of continuous and widespread seasonal rainfall causing substantial soil saturation followed by explicit rainfall events that flooded dambos (seasonally flooded depressions), triggering outbreaks of disease. Incorporation of rainfall and soil saturation data into a prediction model for major outbreaks of RVF resulted in the correctly identified risk in nearly 90% of instances at least 1 month before outbreaks occurred; all indications are that irrigation is of major importance in the remaining 10% of outbreaks.https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/22/12/15-1352_articleRift Valley feverforecastingsoil saturationrainfallvectorborneSouth Africa |
| spellingShingle | Roy Williams Johan Malherbe Harold Weepener Phelix Majiwa Robert Swanepoel Anomalous High Rainfall and Soil Saturation as Combined Risk Indicator of Rift Valley Fever Outbreaks, South Africa, 2008–2011 Emerging Infectious Diseases Rift Valley fever forecasting soil saturation rainfall vectorborne South Africa |
| title | Anomalous High Rainfall and Soil Saturation as Combined Risk Indicator of Rift Valley Fever Outbreaks, South Africa, 2008–2011 |
| title_full | Anomalous High Rainfall and Soil Saturation as Combined Risk Indicator of Rift Valley Fever Outbreaks, South Africa, 2008–2011 |
| title_fullStr | Anomalous High Rainfall and Soil Saturation as Combined Risk Indicator of Rift Valley Fever Outbreaks, South Africa, 2008–2011 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Anomalous High Rainfall and Soil Saturation as Combined Risk Indicator of Rift Valley Fever Outbreaks, South Africa, 2008–2011 |
| title_short | Anomalous High Rainfall and Soil Saturation as Combined Risk Indicator of Rift Valley Fever Outbreaks, South Africa, 2008–2011 |
| title_sort | anomalous high rainfall and soil saturation as combined risk indicator of rift valley fever outbreaks south africa 2008 2011 |
| topic | Rift Valley fever forecasting soil saturation rainfall vectorborne South Africa |
| url | https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/22/12/15-1352_article |
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