Thermal Comfort and Electrostatic Properties of Socks Containing Fibers with Bio-Ceramic, Silver and Carbon Additives
Socks are an important part of our clothing used in everyday activities. In order to ensure thermal comfort during wear in cool outdoor or indoor conditions, and for health improvement, socks must have effective thermoregulation properties. Chemical far-infrared (FIR) fibers with different bio-ceram...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/8/2908 |
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| author | Laimutė Stygienė Sigitas Krauledas Aušra Abraitienė Sandra Varnaitė-Žuravliova Kristina Dubinskaitė |
| author_facet | Laimutė Stygienė Sigitas Krauledas Aušra Abraitienė Sandra Varnaitė-Žuravliova Kristina Dubinskaitė |
| author_sort | Laimutė Stygienė |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Socks are an important part of our clothing used in everyday activities. In order to ensure thermal comfort during wear in cool outdoor or indoor conditions, and for health improvement, socks must have effective thermoregulation properties. Chemical far-infrared (FIR) fibers with different bio-ceramic compounds incorporated into socks’ structures can provide an improved thermoregulation effect to the wearer of the socks. Fibers with silver and carbon additives incorporated in their structures can also affect the thermoregulation properties of socks. Moreover, these conductive additives avoid the unpleasant effect of static electricity of socks. The main parts of the different investigated structures of the socks were made in a plush pattern. The plush loops were formed by using functional Resistex<sup>®</sup> Bioceramic, Shieldex<sup>®</sup> and two modifications of Nega-Stat<sup>®</sup> fiber yarns. The main thermal comfort (thermal efficiency, microclimate and heat exchange temperatures, thermal resistance, water vapor permeability) and electrostatic (surface and vertical resistances, shielding factor, half time decay of charge) properties of the socks were investigated. Based on the obtained results of the thermal comfort and electrostatic characteristics of the different investigated structures of socks, the optimal static dissipative (half-time decay <0.01 s, shielding factor—0.96) plush knitting structure with 55% Resistex<sup>®</sup> Bioceramic and 31% bicomponent Nega-Stat<sup>®</sup> P210 fibers yarns was selected. Comparing the control sample without FIR and the knitted structure with conductive additives, we can draw the conclusion that the heat retention capability of the selected socks was improved by 1.5 °C and the temperature of their created microclimate was improved by 2 °C. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:26:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0faddaec7db14ebc960c6dfccd8d87f0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:26:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-0faddaec7db14ebc960c6dfccd8d87f02023-12-03T13:39:38ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-04-01158290810.3390/ma15082908Thermal Comfort and Electrostatic Properties of Socks Containing Fibers with Bio-Ceramic, Silver and Carbon AdditivesLaimutė Stygienė0Sigitas Krauledas1Aušra Abraitienė2Sandra Varnaitė-Žuravliova3Kristina Dubinskaitė4Department of Textile Technologies, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Demokratų Str. 53, LT-48485 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Textile Technologies, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Demokratų Str. 53, LT-48485 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Textile Technologies, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Demokratų Str. 53, LT-48485 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Textile Technologies, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Demokratų Str. 53, LT-48485 Kaunas, LithuaniaDepartment of Textile Technologies, Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Demokratų Str. 53, LT-48485 Kaunas, LithuaniaSocks are an important part of our clothing used in everyday activities. In order to ensure thermal comfort during wear in cool outdoor or indoor conditions, and for health improvement, socks must have effective thermoregulation properties. Chemical far-infrared (FIR) fibers with different bio-ceramic compounds incorporated into socks’ structures can provide an improved thermoregulation effect to the wearer of the socks. Fibers with silver and carbon additives incorporated in their structures can also affect the thermoregulation properties of socks. Moreover, these conductive additives avoid the unpleasant effect of static electricity of socks. The main parts of the different investigated structures of the socks were made in a plush pattern. The plush loops were formed by using functional Resistex<sup>®</sup> Bioceramic, Shieldex<sup>®</sup> and two modifications of Nega-Stat<sup>®</sup> fiber yarns. The main thermal comfort (thermal efficiency, microclimate and heat exchange temperatures, thermal resistance, water vapor permeability) and electrostatic (surface and vertical resistances, shielding factor, half time decay of charge) properties of the socks were investigated. Based on the obtained results of the thermal comfort and electrostatic characteristics of the different investigated structures of socks, the optimal static dissipative (half-time decay <0.01 s, shielding factor—0.96) plush knitting structure with 55% Resistex<sup>®</sup> Bioceramic and 31% bicomponent Nega-Stat<sup>®</sup> P210 fibers yarns was selected. Comparing the control sample without FIR and the knitted structure with conductive additives, we can draw the conclusion that the heat retention capability of the selected socks was improved by 1.5 °C and the temperature of their created microclimate was improved by 2 °C.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/8/2908thermal effectivenessthermoregulationbio-ceramicfar infraredsilvercarbon |
| spellingShingle | Laimutė Stygienė Sigitas Krauledas Aušra Abraitienė Sandra Varnaitė-Žuravliova Kristina Dubinskaitė Thermal Comfort and Electrostatic Properties of Socks Containing Fibers with Bio-Ceramic, Silver and Carbon Additives Materials thermal effectiveness thermoregulation bio-ceramic far infrared silver carbon |
| title | Thermal Comfort and Electrostatic Properties of Socks Containing Fibers with Bio-Ceramic, Silver and Carbon Additives |
| title_full | Thermal Comfort and Electrostatic Properties of Socks Containing Fibers with Bio-Ceramic, Silver and Carbon Additives |
| title_fullStr | Thermal Comfort and Electrostatic Properties of Socks Containing Fibers with Bio-Ceramic, Silver and Carbon Additives |
| title_full_unstemmed | Thermal Comfort and Electrostatic Properties of Socks Containing Fibers with Bio-Ceramic, Silver and Carbon Additives |
| title_short | Thermal Comfort and Electrostatic Properties of Socks Containing Fibers with Bio-Ceramic, Silver and Carbon Additives |
| title_sort | thermal comfort and electrostatic properties of socks containing fibers with bio ceramic silver and carbon additives |
| topic | thermal effectiveness thermoregulation bio-ceramic far infrared silver carbon |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/8/2908 |
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