Influence of External Thermal Conditions on Temperature–Humidity Parameters of Indoor Air in a Czech Dairy Farm during the Summer
The aim of this article is to show the relationship between external thermal conditions and the quality of the indoor environment on a dairy farm during the summer. The measurements were carried out on a large dairy farm of Holstein cattle situated in the Czech Republic. The research included the me...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/15/1895 |
| _version_ | 1827603447270080512 |
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| author | Pavel Kic |
| author_facet | Pavel Kic |
| author_sort | Pavel Kic |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this article is to show the relationship between external thermal conditions and the quality of the indoor environment on a dairy farm during the summer. The measurements were carried out on a large dairy farm of Holstein cattle situated in the Czech Republic. The research included the measurement of the cowshed for 440 lactating cows, a milking parlor, a maternity cowshed, a cowshed for dry cows, 69 individual calf hutches, and three outdoor group shelters for calves. The results of the registration measurements of the thermal state parameters outside and inside the buildings were analyzed. The critical and dangerous situations were especially regarding the calves. The highest temperature in the calf hutches was 48 °C with the value of THI<sub>max</sub> = 90.1, while in the calf group shelters it was 46.9 °C with the value of THI<sub>max</sub> = 89.4. The research results showed that not only the critical values of temperature and the temperature–humidity index that affect the housed animals are important but also the duration for which the animals are exposed to heat stress. The massive masonry constructions of the milking parlor and also of the cowshed for dry cows dampened the temperature rise in these barns, with good values for the attenuation coefficient. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:39:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0fbe68194f64495ebd1695426c7732d3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T05:39:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-0fbe68194f64495ebd1695426c7732d32023-12-03T12:25:37ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-07-011215189510.3390/ani12151895Influence of External Thermal Conditions on Temperature–Humidity Parameters of Indoor Air in a Czech Dairy Farm during the SummerPavel Kic0Department of Technological Equipment of Buildings, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16521 Prague, Czech RepublicThe aim of this article is to show the relationship between external thermal conditions and the quality of the indoor environment on a dairy farm during the summer. The measurements were carried out on a large dairy farm of Holstein cattle situated in the Czech Republic. The research included the measurement of the cowshed for 440 lactating cows, a milking parlor, a maternity cowshed, a cowshed for dry cows, 69 individual calf hutches, and three outdoor group shelters for calves. The results of the registration measurements of the thermal state parameters outside and inside the buildings were analyzed. The critical and dangerous situations were especially regarding the calves. The highest temperature in the calf hutches was 48 °C with the value of THI<sub>max</sub> = 90.1, while in the calf group shelters it was 46.9 °C with the value of THI<sub>max</sub> = 89.4. The research results showed that not only the critical values of temperature and the temperature–humidity index that affect the housed animals are important but also the duration for which the animals are exposed to heat stress. The massive masonry constructions of the milking parlor and also of the cowshed for dry cows dampened the temperature rise in these barns, with good values for the attenuation coefficient.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/15/1895calf hutchescalf sheltersdairy cowsheat stresshousingmilking parlor |
| spellingShingle | Pavel Kic Influence of External Thermal Conditions on Temperature–Humidity Parameters of Indoor Air in a Czech Dairy Farm during the Summer Animals calf hutches calf shelters dairy cows heat stress housing milking parlor |
| title | Influence of External Thermal Conditions on Temperature–Humidity Parameters of Indoor Air in a Czech Dairy Farm during the Summer |
| title_full | Influence of External Thermal Conditions on Temperature–Humidity Parameters of Indoor Air in a Czech Dairy Farm during the Summer |
| title_fullStr | Influence of External Thermal Conditions on Temperature–Humidity Parameters of Indoor Air in a Czech Dairy Farm during the Summer |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of External Thermal Conditions on Temperature–Humidity Parameters of Indoor Air in a Czech Dairy Farm during the Summer |
| title_short | Influence of External Thermal Conditions on Temperature–Humidity Parameters of Indoor Air in a Czech Dairy Farm during the Summer |
| title_sort | influence of external thermal conditions on temperature humidity parameters of indoor air in a czech dairy farm during the summer |
| topic | calf hutches calf shelters dairy cows heat stress housing milking parlor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/15/1895 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT pavelkic influenceofexternalthermalconditionsontemperaturehumidityparametersofindoorairinaczechdairyfarmduringthesummer |