Optimization of Glycerol–Water Extraction of Selected Bioactive Compounds from Peppermint and Common Nettle
Current trends in the industry indicate that extraction solvents should conform with the ideals of so-called “green chemistry”. Therefore, the objective of the presented study was to optimize the conditions for the extraction of polyphenols, flavonoids and chlorophyll from peppermint leaves (<i&g...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Antioxidants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/5/817 |
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| author | Grażyna Kowalska Tomasz Baj Radosław Kowalski Jolanta Szymańska |
| author_facet | Grażyna Kowalska Tomasz Baj Radosław Kowalski Jolanta Szymańska |
| author_sort | Grażyna Kowalska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Current trends in the industry indicate that extraction solvents should conform with the ideals of so-called “green chemistry”. Therefore, the objective of the presented study was to optimize the conditions for the extraction of polyphenols, flavonoids and chlorophyll from peppermint leaves (<i>Mentha</i> × <i>piperita</i> L., Lamiaceae) and from common nettle leaves (<i>Urtica dioica</i> L., Urticaceae) via green chemistry. The obtained experimental results were subjected to modelling by means of the multiple regression method, while the optimization of the system was addressed via the application of the desirability function. As a result of the use of glycerol–water systems for the extraction of the tested active compounds from mint leaves and nettle leaves, extracts with higher concentrations of polyphenols, flavonoids and chlorophyll were most often obtained, when compared with the use of classical solvents such as water and ethanol. In this work, we demonstrate that the extraction temperature has significant influence on the concentration of the determined components in the extracts. To obtain the highest values of the analysed parameters, leaves of peppermint should be extracted with glycerol–water mixture at the proportions of 30.5:69.5 at a temperature of 50 °C, while the optimal conditions for the extraction of leaves of common nettle were the glycerol–water proportions of 12.5:87.5 and extraction temperature of 20 °C. Comparing the average percentage differences between the highest values of the analysed parameters obtained in the experiment and the approximated values for various temperatures with the level of desirability, one can note a high correlation that, in the analysed examples, amounted to 0.9681. The study showed that glycerol can be an alternative solvent in the extraction of polyphenols, flavonoids and chlorophyll, replacing, e.g., ethanol—which, for various reasons, cannot always be used. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:12:53Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0fc05e38903043e393f6d9dd2f7c6c0d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3921 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:12:53Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Antioxidants |
| spelling | doaj.art-0fc05e38903043e393f6d9dd2f7c6c0d2023-11-21T20:39:29ZengMDPI AGAntioxidants2076-39212021-05-0110581710.3390/antiox10050817Optimization of Glycerol–Water Extraction of Selected Bioactive Compounds from Peppermint and Common NettleGrażyna Kowalska0Tomasz Baj1Radosław Kowalski2Jolanta Szymańska3Department of Tourism and Recreation, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 15 Akademicka Str., 20-950 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Pharmacognosy, Medical University of Lublin, 1 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Analysis and Food Quality Assessment, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, 8 Skromna Str., 20-704 Lublin, PolandDepartment of Integrated Paediatric Dentistry, Chair of Integrated Dentistry, Medical University of Lublin, 6 Chodźki Str., 20-093 Lublin, PolandCurrent trends in the industry indicate that extraction solvents should conform with the ideals of so-called “green chemistry”. Therefore, the objective of the presented study was to optimize the conditions for the extraction of polyphenols, flavonoids and chlorophyll from peppermint leaves (<i>Mentha</i> × <i>piperita</i> L., Lamiaceae) and from common nettle leaves (<i>Urtica dioica</i> L., Urticaceae) via green chemistry. The obtained experimental results were subjected to modelling by means of the multiple regression method, while the optimization of the system was addressed via the application of the desirability function. As a result of the use of glycerol–water systems for the extraction of the tested active compounds from mint leaves and nettle leaves, extracts with higher concentrations of polyphenols, flavonoids and chlorophyll were most often obtained, when compared with the use of classical solvents such as water and ethanol. In this work, we demonstrate that the extraction temperature has significant influence on the concentration of the determined components in the extracts. To obtain the highest values of the analysed parameters, leaves of peppermint should be extracted with glycerol–water mixture at the proportions of 30.5:69.5 at a temperature of 50 °C, while the optimal conditions for the extraction of leaves of common nettle were the glycerol–water proportions of 12.5:87.5 and extraction temperature of 20 °C. Comparing the average percentage differences between the highest values of the analysed parameters obtained in the experiment and the approximated values for various temperatures with the level of desirability, one can note a high correlation that, in the analysed examples, amounted to 0.9681. The study showed that glycerol can be an alternative solvent in the extraction of polyphenols, flavonoids and chlorophyll, replacing, e.g., ethanol—which, for various reasons, cannot always be used.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/5/817glycerolextractionpolyphenolsflavonoidschlorophyll |
| spellingShingle | Grażyna Kowalska Tomasz Baj Radosław Kowalski Jolanta Szymańska Optimization of Glycerol–Water Extraction of Selected Bioactive Compounds from Peppermint and Common Nettle Antioxidants glycerol extraction polyphenols flavonoids chlorophyll |
| title | Optimization of Glycerol–Water Extraction of Selected Bioactive Compounds from Peppermint and Common Nettle |
| title_full | Optimization of Glycerol–Water Extraction of Selected Bioactive Compounds from Peppermint and Common Nettle |
| title_fullStr | Optimization of Glycerol–Water Extraction of Selected Bioactive Compounds from Peppermint and Common Nettle |
| title_full_unstemmed | Optimization of Glycerol–Water Extraction of Selected Bioactive Compounds from Peppermint and Common Nettle |
| title_short | Optimization of Glycerol–Water Extraction of Selected Bioactive Compounds from Peppermint and Common Nettle |
| title_sort | optimization of glycerol water extraction of selected bioactive compounds from peppermint and common nettle |
| topic | glycerol extraction polyphenols flavonoids chlorophyll |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3921/10/5/817 |
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