Maladaptive Eating Behaviours, Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Depression Severity: A Comparative Study between Adult Women with Overweight, Obesity, and Normal Body Mass Index Range
(1) Background: Causes of obesity are multifactorial and include genetic predisposition as well as behavioural, psychological, social, and hormonal influences. We aimed to compare adult women with normal weight, overweight, and obesity, with a focus on maladaptive eating behaviours, the presence of...
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MDPI AG
2023-12-01
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| Series: | Nutrients |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/1/80 |
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| author | Tomasz Witaszek Mateusz Babicki Anna Brytek-Matera Agnieszka Mastalerz-Migas Krzysztof Kujawa Karolina Kłoda |
| author_facet | Tomasz Witaszek Mateusz Babicki Anna Brytek-Matera Agnieszka Mastalerz-Migas Krzysztof Kujawa Karolina Kłoda |
| author_sort | Tomasz Witaszek |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | (1) Background: Causes of obesity are multifactorial and include genetic predisposition as well as behavioural, psychological, social, and hormonal influences. We aimed to compare adult women with normal weight, overweight, and obesity, with a focus on maladaptive eating behaviours, the presence of generalised anxiety disorder, and the severity of depression. Additionally, we explored the context of anti-obesity pharmacotherapy and the status of bariatric surgery. (2) Methods: The sample was composed of 1105 adult women. The following measures, through the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI), were used in the present study: the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R18), the 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorders Scale (GAD-7), and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). (3) Results: All domains of the TFEQ-R18 had correlations with Body Mass Index (BMI). There was a weak negative association between BMI and Cognitive Restraint (r = −0.172, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and a weak positive relationship between BMI and Uncontrolled as well as Emotional Eating (r = 0.165, <i>p</i> < 0.001; r = 0.191, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Women who screened positive for anxiety scored lower in the Cognitive Restraint domain (10.11 ± 3.58, <i>p</i> = 0.042) and higher in the Uncontrolled Eating (12.69 ± 6.04, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and Emotional Eating (5.29 ± 2.75, <i>p</i> < 0.001) domains. Similarly, women screening positive for depression had lower scores in Cognitive Restraint (9.88 ± 3.61, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and higher scores in Uncontrolled Eating (12.64 ± 6.09, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and Emotional Eating (5.31 ± 2.71, <i>p</i> < 0.001). A significant association between liraglutide and semaglutide administration and Cognitive Restraint was observed. (4) Conclusions: Individualised treatment for obesity should consider the existing and confirmed association between maladaptive eating behaviours and generalised anxiety disorder, as well as the severity of depression influencing the BMI altogether. The use of anti-obesity pharmacotherapy needs further exploration because the evidence for the use of liraglutide and semaglutide in terms of positive associations with eating behaviours is encouraging. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:00:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0fc095d2411d458ca61e81af0260f428 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6643 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T15:00:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
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| series | Nutrients |
| spelling | doaj.art-0fc095d2411d458ca61e81af0260f4282024-01-10T15:05:27ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432023-12-011618010.3390/nu16010080Maladaptive Eating Behaviours, Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Depression Severity: A Comparative Study between Adult Women with Overweight, Obesity, and Normal Body Mass Index RangeTomasz Witaszek0Mateusz Babicki1Anna Brytek-Matera2Agnieszka Mastalerz-Migas3Krzysztof Kujawa4Karolina Kłoda5Hipokrates Przychodnia Lekarzy Rodzinnych i Specjalistów, ul. Powstańców WIelkopolskich 1a, 64-330 Opalenica, PolandDepartment of Family Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, PolandEating Behavior Laboratory (EAT Lab), Institute of Psychology, University of Wroclaw, ul. J. Dawida 1, 50-527 Wrocław, PolandDepartment of Family Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, PolandStatistical Analysis Centre, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-368 Wrocław, PolandMEDFIT Karolina Kłoda, ul. Narutowicza 13E/11, 70-240 Szczecin, Poland(1) Background: Causes of obesity are multifactorial and include genetic predisposition as well as behavioural, psychological, social, and hormonal influences. We aimed to compare adult women with normal weight, overweight, and obesity, with a focus on maladaptive eating behaviours, the presence of generalised anxiety disorder, and the severity of depression. Additionally, we explored the context of anti-obesity pharmacotherapy and the status of bariatric surgery. (2) Methods: The sample was composed of 1105 adult women. The following measures, through the Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI), were used in the present study: the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R18), the 7-item Generalised Anxiety Disorders Scale (GAD-7), and the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). (3) Results: All domains of the TFEQ-R18 had correlations with Body Mass Index (BMI). There was a weak negative association between BMI and Cognitive Restraint (r = −0.172, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and a weak positive relationship between BMI and Uncontrolled as well as Emotional Eating (r = 0.165, <i>p</i> < 0.001; r = 0.191, <i>p</i> < 0.001, respectively). Women who screened positive for anxiety scored lower in the Cognitive Restraint domain (10.11 ± 3.58, <i>p</i> = 0.042) and higher in the Uncontrolled Eating (12.69 ± 6.04, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and Emotional Eating (5.29 ± 2.75, <i>p</i> < 0.001) domains. Similarly, women screening positive for depression had lower scores in Cognitive Restraint (9.88 ± 3.61, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and higher scores in Uncontrolled Eating (12.64 ± 6.09, <i>p</i> < 0.001) and Emotional Eating (5.31 ± 2.71, <i>p</i> < 0.001). A significant association between liraglutide and semaglutide administration and Cognitive Restraint was observed. (4) Conclusions: Individualised treatment for obesity should consider the existing and confirmed association between maladaptive eating behaviours and generalised anxiety disorder, as well as the severity of depression influencing the BMI altogether. The use of anti-obesity pharmacotherapy needs further exploration because the evidence for the use of liraglutide and semaglutide in terms of positive associations with eating behaviours is encouraging.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/1/80obesitymaladaptive eating behavioursanxietydepressionwomen healthBMI |
| spellingShingle | Tomasz Witaszek Mateusz Babicki Anna Brytek-Matera Agnieszka Mastalerz-Migas Krzysztof Kujawa Karolina Kłoda Maladaptive Eating Behaviours, Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Depression Severity: A Comparative Study between Adult Women with Overweight, Obesity, and Normal Body Mass Index Range Nutrients obesity maladaptive eating behaviours anxiety depression women health BMI |
| title | Maladaptive Eating Behaviours, Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Depression Severity: A Comparative Study between Adult Women with Overweight, Obesity, and Normal Body Mass Index Range |
| title_full | Maladaptive Eating Behaviours, Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Depression Severity: A Comparative Study between Adult Women with Overweight, Obesity, and Normal Body Mass Index Range |
| title_fullStr | Maladaptive Eating Behaviours, Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Depression Severity: A Comparative Study between Adult Women with Overweight, Obesity, and Normal Body Mass Index Range |
| title_full_unstemmed | Maladaptive Eating Behaviours, Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Depression Severity: A Comparative Study between Adult Women with Overweight, Obesity, and Normal Body Mass Index Range |
| title_short | Maladaptive Eating Behaviours, Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Depression Severity: A Comparative Study between Adult Women with Overweight, Obesity, and Normal Body Mass Index Range |
| title_sort | maladaptive eating behaviours generalised anxiety disorder and depression severity a comparative study between adult women with overweight obesity and normal body mass index range |
| topic | obesity maladaptive eating behaviours anxiety depression women health BMI |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/16/1/80 |
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