Auxin is involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-promoted tomato growth and NADP-malic enzymes expression in continuous cropping substrates
Abstract Background Despite significant limitations of growth medium reuse, a large amount of organic substrate is reused in soilless cultivation of horticultural crops in China. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote nutrient absorption and improve plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stre...
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| Format: | Article |
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BMC
2021-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Plant Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02817-2 |
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| author | Yu Wang Wenze Zhang Weikang Liu Golam Jalal Ahammed Wenxu Wen Shirong Guo Sheng Shu Jin Sun |
| author_facet | Yu Wang Wenze Zhang Weikang Liu Golam Jalal Ahammed Wenxu Wen Shirong Guo Sheng Shu Jin Sun |
| author_sort | Yu Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Despite significant limitations of growth medium reuse, a large amount of organic substrate is reused in soilless cultivation of horticultural crops in China. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote nutrient absorption and improve plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the mechanisms governing the effects of AMF on crop growth in organic continuous cropping substrates have not been elucidated. Results In this study, we showed that the inoculation of AMF in continuous cropping substrates promoted growth and root development, and increased the root and NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) activity of tomato seedlings. Root transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the plant hormone signal transduction pathway was highly enriched, and 109 genes that positively correlated with the AMF-inoculated plant phenotype were obtained by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), which identified 9 genes related to indole acetic acid (IAA). Importantly, the levels of endogenous IAA in tomato seedlings significantly increased after AMF inoculation. Furthermore, the application of AMF significantly increased the expression levels of NADP-ME1 and NADP-ME2, as well as the activity of NADP-ME, and enhanced the root activity of tomato seedlings in comparison to that observed without inoculation of AMF. However, these effects were blocked in plants treated with 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), a polar transport inhibitor of IAA. Conclusions These results suggest that IAA mediates the AMF-promoted tomato growth and expression of NADP-MEs in continuous cropping substrates. The study provides convincing evidence for the reuse of continuous cropping substrates by adding AMF as an amendment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T20:18:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-0fcb568acfe447baa41fa8e796978deb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2229 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T20:18:29Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Plant Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-0fcb568acfe447baa41fa8e796978deb2022-12-21T21:34:00ZengBMCBMC Plant Biology1471-22292021-01-0121111210.1186/s12870-020-02817-2Auxin is involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-promoted tomato growth and NADP-malic enzymes expression in continuous cropping substratesYu Wang0Wenze Zhang1Weikang Liu2Golam Jalal Ahammed3Wenxu Wen4Shirong Guo5Sheng Shu6Jin Sun7College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Henan University of Science and TechnologyCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityCollege of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background Despite significant limitations of growth medium reuse, a large amount of organic substrate is reused in soilless cultivation of horticultural crops in China. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can promote nutrient absorption and improve plant tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, the mechanisms governing the effects of AMF on crop growth in organic continuous cropping substrates have not been elucidated. Results In this study, we showed that the inoculation of AMF in continuous cropping substrates promoted growth and root development, and increased the root and NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME) activity of tomato seedlings. Root transcriptome analysis demonstrated that the plant hormone signal transduction pathway was highly enriched, and 109 genes that positively correlated with the AMF-inoculated plant phenotype were obtained by gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), which identified 9 genes related to indole acetic acid (IAA). Importantly, the levels of endogenous IAA in tomato seedlings significantly increased after AMF inoculation. Furthermore, the application of AMF significantly increased the expression levels of NADP-ME1 and NADP-ME2, as well as the activity of NADP-ME, and enhanced the root activity of tomato seedlings in comparison to that observed without inoculation of AMF. However, these effects were blocked in plants treated with 2,3,5-triiodobenzoic acid (TIBA), a polar transport inhibitor of IAA. Conclusions These results suggest that IAA mediates the AMF-promoted tomato growth and expression of NADP-MEs in continuous cropping substrates. The study provides convincing evidence for the reuse of continuous cropping substrates by adding AMF as an amendment.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02817-2TomatoArbuscular mycorrhizal fungiContinuous cropping substrateIAARoot activity |
| spellingShingle | Yu Wang Wenze Zhang Weikang Liu Golam Jalal Ahammed Wenxu Wen Shirong Guo Sheng Shu Jin Sun Auxin is involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-promoted tomato growth and NADP-malic enzymes expression in continuous cropping substrates BMC Plant Biology Tomato Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Continuous cropping substrate IAA Root activity |
| title | Auxin is involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-promoted tomato growth and NADP-malic enzymes expression in continuous cropping substrates |
| title_full | Auxin is involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-promoted tomato growth and NADP-malic enzymes expression in continuous cropping substrates |
| title_fullStr | Auxin is involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-promoted tomato growth and NADP-malic enzymes expression in continuous cropping substrates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Auxin is involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-promoted tomato growth and NADP-malic enzymes expression in continuous cropping substrates |
| title_short | Auxin is involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-promoted tomato growth and NADP-malic enzymes expression in continuous cropping substrates |
| title_sort | auxin is involved in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promoted tomato growth and nadp malic enzymes expression in continuous cropping substrates |
| topic | Tomato Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi Continuous cropping substrate IAA Root activity |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02817-2 |
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